牛津英语初中英语主谓一致.doc

中小学1对1课外辅导专家教学内容主谓一致常用的判断方法：1.语法一致的原则 ； 2.意义一致的原则 ； 3.邻近一致的原则 活学活用： 谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这叫做主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近一致原则。 1.语法一致的原则 （1）以单数名词或代词，动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时，谓语用复数，例如： Hegoestoschoolearlyeverymorning. Thechildrenareplayingoutside. Toworkhardisnecessaryforastudent. （2）由and或bothand连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如： BothheandIareright. MrBlackandMrsBlackhaveasoncalledTom. 但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。例如： Histeacherandfriendisabeautifulgirl. Thepoetandwriterhascome. （3）由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each,every修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如： Inourcountryeveryboyandeverygirlhastherighttoreceiveeducation. Eachmanandeachwomanisaskedtohelp. （4）主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有but,except,besides,with等介词短语，谓语动词仍用单数。例如： Theteacherwithhisstudentsisgoingtovisitthemuseum. Nobodybuttwoboyswaslateforclass. Breadandbutterisadailyfoodinthewest. （5）一些只有复数形式的名词，如people,police,cattle,clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。例如： Alotofpeoplearedancingoutside. Thepolicearelookingfor thelostboy. （6）由each,some,any,no,every构成的复合代词作主语时，谓语动词都用单数。例如： Iseverybodyready? Somebodyisusingthephone. （7）有两部分构成的物体的名词，如glasses,shoes,trousers,chopsticks,scissors等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如： Wherearemyshoes? Icantfindthem. Yourtrousersaredirty. Youdbetterchangethem. 如果这类名词前用了apairof等，则往往用作单数，谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如： Herearesomenewpairsofshoes. Mynewpairofsocksisonthebed. 2.意义一致的原则 （1）表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。例如： Twentyyearsisnotalongtime. Tendollarsistoodear. （2）有些集合名词，如family,team等作主语时，如作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数；如指其中每个成员， 则用复数。例如： Myfamilyisbigone. MyfamilyarewatchingTV. （3）不定代词由all,most,more,some,any,none作主语时，也要依这些代词表示的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果代词代表复数可数名词，谓语动词用复数；如果代词代表单数可数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。例如： Alloftheworkhasbeenfinished. Allofthepeoplehavegone. （4）疑问代词作主语时，其谓语动词也有两种情况：主语表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数；主语表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单数。例如： Whoisyourbrother? WhoareLeaguemembers? （5）“分数或百分数+of+名词”构成的词组作主语时，其谓语动词要以of后面的名词而定。名词是复数，谓语动词用复数：名词是单数，谓语动词用单数。例如： Itissaidthat35percentofthedoctorsarewomen. Threefourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthissea. （6）half,therest等表示不定数量的名词作主语时，如果所指为复数意义，动词用复数；如果所指为单数意义，动词用单数。例如： Ihavereadalargepartofthebook,therestismoredifficult. Onlytenstudentsattendedtheclassbecausealltherestwereoffsick. （7）由what引导的主语从句作主语时，通常谓语动词用单数形式。但如果所指内容为复数意义时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如： Whatshesaidiscorrect. Whatsheleftmeareafewoldbooks. （8）凡是以“定冠词+形容词（或分词）”作主语，往往根据意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果这种主语指的是一类人，谓语动词用复数；如果指的是一个人或抽象概念，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： Thesickhavebeencuredandthelosthavebeenfound. Thedeadisafamousperson. 3.邻近一致的原则 （1）由连词or,eitheror,neithernor,notonlybutalso,等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复 数，则谓语动词按就近一致原则，与最接近它的主语一致。例如： EitheryouorIamright. Neitherthechildrennortheteacherknowsanythingaboutit. （2）在“Therebe”句型中,谓语动词和最接近的主语一致。 Therearetwoapplesandoneegginit. （3）aswellas和名词连用时,谓语动词和第一个名词相一致。 HeaswellasIisresponsibleforit. 不但是我，他对这件事也有责任。 （4）以here开头的句子，其谓语动词和最接近的主语一致。 Hereisaletterandsomebooksforyou. 中考解析： （ ）1.Howtimeflies!Tenyears_passed. （04年 天津） A.have B.has C.is D.are（ ）2.Notonlyhisparentsbutalsohisbrother_totheSummerPalace.Theyhaventbeenback. （04年 南通） A.havebeen B.havegone C.hasbeen D.hasgone （ ）3.Neithermyfather_goingtoseethepatient. （04年吉林） A.norIamB.norIare C.ormeareD.ormeis （ ）4.Look!There_playingwiththetouristsonYinheSquare. （04年包头） A.areanumberofdeerB.areanumberofdeers C.isanumberofdeerD.isanumberofdeers 实战演练 一.选择填空 （ ）1.Theysaidtheeighteenthandlastlesson_quiteeasy. A.is B.was C.are D.were （ ）2.-WhenareyougoingtoKunmingforyourholidays? -Ihaventdecided._thisSunday_nextSundayisOK. A.Both;and B.Either;or C.Neither;nor D.Notonly;butalso （ ）3._Helen_JoanspeaksbeautifulChineseaftertheycametoChina. A.Neither;nor B.Notonly;butalso C.Both;and D.AandB （ ）4._ofthemhashisownopinion. A.Both B.Some C.Every D.Each （ ）5.Arethereany_onthefarm? A.horse B.duck C.chicken D.sheep （ ）6.Myshirt_whiteandmytrousers_blue. A.are;are B.are;is C.is;isD.is;are （ ）7.-Twomonths_quitealongtime. -Yes.Imafraidthathewillmissalotoflessons. A.is B.are C.was D.were （ ）8.Theoldmanhastwochildrenbut_ofthemliveswithhim. A.both B.none C.neither D.all （ ）9.Ourknowledgeofcomputer_growingallthetime. A.be B.is C.are D.were （ ）10.EveryoneexceptTomandJohn_therewhenthemeetingbegan. A.is B.was C.are D.were （ ）11.Mostofthehouses_thisyear. A.hasbuilt B.havebuilt C.hasbeenbuilt D.havebeenbuilt （ ）12.Ithinkmaths_verydifficulttolearn. A.is B.are C.has D.have （ ）13.Alargenumberofstudents_toworkinXingjiang. A.havegone B.hasgone C.goes D.isgoing （ ）14.Thenumberofthestudentsintheclass_small. A.are B.is C.have D.were （ ）15.There_alotofgoodnewsintodaysnewspaper. A.is B.are C.was D.were ( ) 16. The Greens _ China for five years. (1999甘肃) A. has been in B. has been to C. have been in D. have been to ( ) 17. Paper _ first invented in China.(1999昆明) A. is B. are C. was D. were ( ) 18. Listen! Some birds _ in the tree.(1999广西) A. is singing B. sings C. singing D. are singing ( ) 19. There _ an eraser under the desk. Is it yours? (1999杭州) A. is B. has C. was D. had ( ) 20. Therere lots of English books, and _ of them is easy to understand. (99山西) A. both B. all C. every D. each ( ) 21. Between the two buildings _ a school. A. lie B. lies C. lying D. have ( ) 22. There _ pencil-box, two books and some flowers on the desk. A. is a B. are some C. has a D. have some ( ) 23. _ there many American friends in the school last Friday?A. Is B. Was C. Are D. Were( ) 24. Neither you nor Lin Hua _ to the great Wall before. A. have been B. has gone C. has been D. have been ( ) 25. Each of us _ a nice pencil-box. A. have B. has C. are having D. had ( ) 26. _ any flowers on both sides of the street? (1998湖南) A. Is there B. Are there C. Has D. Have ( ) 27. Either Jim or Sam _ going to help us this afternoon. A. was B. were C. is D. are ( ) 28. There _ a great many accidents last year.A. were B. are C. is D. was( ) 29. Mr. Brown together with his family _ just arrived in Xian. A. has B. have C. had D. are ( ) 30. The old _ taken good care of in China. A. are B. is C. was D. have( ) 31. Maths _ one of the _ subjects in middle school. A. are; important B. is; most important C. is; more important D. are; much important ( ) 32. There _ any milk in the bottle.(1997浙江) A. is B. isnt C. are D. arent ( ) 33. Even a child knows that _ are made of _. A. glasses; glass B. glass; glass C. glasses; glasses D. glass; glasses ( ) 34. _ there a number of fish in the river at that time? A. Is B. Are C. Was D. Were ( ) 35. Not only the parents but also James _ London. They will come back in a month。 A. has been to B. have been to C. has gone to D. have gone to ( ) 36. Each man and each woman _ bring some money here. A. has B. have C. has to D. have to ( ) 37. -How many children _ in the picture?-Three. A. has there B. is there C. have there D. are there( ) 38. Sheep _ white and milk _ white, too. A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is ( ) 39. Milk and bread _ my favourite food every morning. A. is B. are C. will be D. was ( ) 40. _ either you or she going to the United States? A. Is B. Are C. Have D. Does ( ) 41. There _ a pair of shoes on the floor. The shoes _ mine. A. are; is B. is; is C. is; are D. are; are （ ）42. Here _ orange and two apples on the plate. A. is an B. is a C. are some D. has an （ ）43. Class Two _ taking their lessons when there was a knock at the door. A. is B. are C. was D. were （ ）44. -None of them _ a good cook. -You are right. And none of you _ good cooks, either. A. is; is B. is; are C. are; are D. are; is （ ）45. The teacher and writer _ from America. A. are B. were C. is D. come （ ）46. There _ sheep in the field. (2000辽宁) A. are much B. is small C. is a few D. is a little （ ）47. The news _ for my mother.(2000山西) A. are B. were C. be D. is （ ）48. More than a month _ since the foreign friends came here. A. has passed B. have passed C. has past D. have past （ ）49. The mother with her little son _ at my home _ that snowy night. A. were; at B. was; at C. were; on D. was; on （ ）50. Linda works hard, and _. A. so does her brother B. so did her brother C. her brother do so D. her brother did so ( ) 51. In 1850, about a third of U. S. A_ covered by forests.A. were B. has been C. / D. was( ) 52. My family as well as I _ glad to see you.A. was B. is C. are D. am( ) 53. My father, together with some of his old friends, _ there already.A. will be B. had been C. has been D. have been( ) 54. Most of our earth_ covered by water.A. are B. is C. was D. were( ) 55. Nine plus three _ twelve.A. are making B. is making C. make D. makes( ) 56. Twenty miles _ a long way to cover.A. seem to be B. is C. are D. were( ) 57. Very few _ his address in the town.A. has known B. are knowing C. know D. knows( ) 58. When and where this took place _ still unknown.A. has B. is C. were D. are( ) 59. I know that all _ getting on well with her.A. were B. are C. is D. was( ) 60. The rest of the novel _ very interesting.A. seem B. is C. are D. were( ) 61. Our family _ a happy one.A. are B. was C. are D. is( ) 62. The boy sitting by the window is the only one of the students who _ from the countryside in our school.A. was B. were C. is D. are( ) 63. More than one answer _ to the question.A. had given B. were given C. has been given D. have been given( ) 64. The students in our school each _ an English dictionary.A. are having B. had C. has D. have( ) 65. The pair of shoes _ worn out.A. had been B. have been C. were D. was( ) 66. A professor and a writer _ present at the meeting.A. had been B. were C. is D. was( ) 67. Those who _ singing may join us.A. is fond of B. enjoy C. likes D. are liking( ) 68. There _ a knife and fork on the table.A. are B. is seeming to be C. seem to be D. seems to be( ) 69. Over 80 percent of the population _ workers.A. will be B. are C. is D. was( ) 70. The whole class _ greatly moved at his words.A. is B. had C. were D. was( ) 71. The wounded _ good care of here now.A. is taking B. are taking C. are being taken D. is taken( ) 72. Deer _ faster than dogs.A. will run B. are running C. runs D. run( ) 73. The police _ a prisoner.A. are searched for B. is searching C. are searching for D. is searching for( ) 74. It was reported that six _ including a boy.A. had killed B. was killing C. were killed D. was killed( ) 75. The United Nations _ in 1945.A. was found B. was founded C. were founded D. were found( ) 76. I, who _ your good friend, will share your joys and sorrows.A. was B. are C. is D. am( ) 77. Between the two buildings _ a monument.A. is standing B. standing C. stands D. stand( ) 78. Laying eggs _ the ant queens full-time job.A. have B. has C. are D. is( ) 79. Peter, perhaps John, _ playing with the little dog.A. seems B. were C. are D. is( ) 80. Many a student _ that mistake before.A. had made B. has been made C. have made D. has made( ) 81. The Arabian Nights _ well known to English lovers.A. is being B. are C. were D. is( ) 82. Your new clothes fit you, but mine _ me.A. dont fit for B. doesnt fit for C. dont fit D. doesnt fit( ) 83. Toms teacher and friend _ Mr Smith.A. has B. are being C. is D. are( ) 84. All that can be eaten _ eaten up.A. have been B. had been C. has been D. are being( ) 85. Some person _ calling for you at the gate.A. will be B. is being C. is D. are( ) 86. On each side of the street _ a lot of trees.A. are grown B. is standing C. grow D. stands( ) 87. The number of the people who _ cars _ increasing.A. own.are B. ownis C. ownsis D. ownsare( ) 88. No one except Jack and Tom _ the answer.A. are knows B. is knowing C. knows D. know( ) 89. Nothing but cars _ in the shop.A. are going to sell B. were sold C. are sold D. is sold( ) 90. Here is a message of importance to every man and woman who _.A. votes B. vote C. voting D. are voting( ) 91. Politics _ one of the subjects that I study.A. are B. is C. were D. was( ) 92. _ already been interviewed.A. A number of applicants have B. A number of applicants hasC. The number of applicants have D. The number of applicants has( ) 93. _ is misused in the sentence.A. A word or two B. One or two words C. One and two words D. Many words( ) 94. There _ priceless jewellery on display at the exhibition hall.A. are B. have C. is D. has( ) 95. I am the one who_ wrong.A. am B. is C. are D. have been( ) 96. Each of the footballers _ over 150 pounds.A. weigh B. weighs C. weights D. were weighing( ) 97. There is _ rice.A. few B. a few C. many D. a great deal of( ) 98. Half of the material _ away.A. has been taken B are taken C. have been taken D. were taken( ) 99. The manager or his assistant _ planning to go.A. was B. were C. be D. will( ) 100. There _ in this room.A. are too many furnitures B. are too much furnitureC. are too much furnitures D. is too much furniture( ) 101. His brother rather than his parents _.A. are to be blamed B. is to blame C. are to blame D. is to be blamed.( ) 102. What caused the accident and who was responsible for it _ a mystery to us.A. has been remained B. have been remained C. remain D. remains( ) 103. To know merely the main facts _ enough.A. are B. be C. being D. is( ) 104. Watering the flowers and looking after the children _ all I have to do every day.A. ar