增词法与减词法.ppt

1 AdditioninE CTranslation Lecturer HaoGuangli 2 Objectives Afterlearningthissection studentsshouldbeableto knowWHYadditionshouldbeappliedinE Ctranslation knowunderWhatcircumstancesverbaddition adverbaddition nounadditionshouldbeemployedinE Ctranslation 3 Addition why toconformtothegrammarinChinesetoreproduceclearlyandnaturallytodeepenthecross culturalcommunication 4 I VerbAddition Aswehavementioned EnglishlanguagefeaturesnominalizationwhileChineselanguagelaysmuchemphasisonverbs Hence intheprocessofE Ctranslation muchattentionshouldbepaidtoverbaddition 5 E g Intheevening afterthebanquets theconcertsandthetabletennisexhibitions hewouldworkonthedraftingofthefinalcommunique 晚上在参加宴会 出席音乐会 观看乒乓球表演之后 他还得起草最后的公告 6 E g 2Therewerenospeeches noforeigndiplomats no ordinaryChinese withpaperflagsandbouquetsofflowers 没有发表讲话 没有各国外交官到场 也没有 普通中国人 挥舞纸旗 花束的场面 7 Ex 1 Butifwecanfindcommongroundtoworktogether thechanceforworldpeaceisimmeasurablyincreased 2 Weshouldacquiredakeensenseofthediversity dynamism andprogressofChinaunderyourpoliciesofreformandopeningtotheoutsideworld 8 3 Inthefinalanalysis theyhavedonealltheseforjustoneobjective thatis thegreatrejuvenationoftheChinesenationandChina snewandgreatercontributiontohumanity 9 KeytoEx 1 但是 如果我们能够找到进行合作的共同点 那么实现世界和平的机会就将无可估量地大大增加 2 我们强烈感受到你们执行的改革和对外开放政策给中国带来的多样化 活力和进步 3 归根到底就是为了一个目标 实现中华民族的伟大复兴 争取对人类作出新的更大的贡献 10 II AdverbAddition E g Hewasfascinatedbythepoliticalprocesses thewheelinganddealingofpresidentialpolicies themanipulating releasingandleakingofnews thepublicandprivatetalks 一幕幕政治花招使他看入迷了 总统竞选活动中的勾心斗角 尔虞我诈 对新闻消息的幕后操纵 公开发表和有意透漏 以及公开的和秘密的谈话 11 E x 1 Nowandthenhisbootsshone 2 Theylingeredlongoverhisletter 3 Aseagullsawthelightfrommywindowanddarteduptoit 12 III NounAddition InEnglish therearemanycircumstancesunderwhichnounshouldbeaddedintheprocessoftranslation a Addtheimpliednounsafterintransitivenouns b Addnounsafteradjectives c Addnounsafterabstractnouns d Addnounsafterspecificnouns 13 E g 1 Dayafterdayhecametohiswork sweeping scrubbing cleaning 2 Marywashedforalivingafterherhusbanddiedofacutepneumonia 3 Thietypewriterisindeedcheapandfine 4 Heisacomplicatedman moody mercurial withamelancholystreak 14 Addnounsafterabstractnounsorspecificnouns Someabstractnounsderivingfromverboradjectivesusuallydenotemuchmoreabstractmeanings Inordertoexpressclearly somenounsshouldbeadded 15 Forexamples Topersuade persuasionToprepare preparationBackward backwardnessTense tensionArrogant arroganceMadmadness 16 E g 1 Inthesummerof1969 theAdministrationpubliclyurgedaneasingoftensionswithChina E x 1 Measuresmustbetakentoimprovethebackwardnessinthewestdistrict 2 Thekillingofthehostageshasdeepenedthepublic santagonism 17 Addnounsafterspecificnouns E g 1 Hefeltthepatriotrisewithinhisbreast 2 Heallowedthefathertobeoverruledbythejudge anddeclaredhisownsonguilty 18 IV Addingwordsdenotingpluralforms 英语名词复数和汉语复数的差异 英语名词的复数通常是通过在名词后加复数词缀而来的 汉语名词复数的构成形式 名词前加上重叠式的量词 条条道路 一丛丛白桦树 种种体制 使用单数形式 但强调的是复数 每一家公司 各家公司 直接强调全体 所有公司 19 E g 1 ladiesandgentlemen2 Flowersbloomallovertheyard 3 NewsmenwentflyingofftoMexico 20 Ex 1 Nationshaveutilizeddifferenteconomicresources peoplehavedevelopeddifferentskills 21 2 Anotherfactorbehindtheincreaseinmergeractivityistherecordperformanceofstockmarkets whichhasenabledcompaniestofinancemajoracquisitionsonthestrengthoftheirinflatedshareprices 22 1 不同的国家使用不同的经济资源 不同的人拥