常用语法词汇.doc

1. Morphology：词法 Syntax：句法Notional Words：实意词Form Words：虚词Parts of Speech：词类The Noun：名词The Pronoun：代词The Numeral：数词The Adjective：形容词The Verb：动词The Adverb：副词The Article：冠词The Preposition：介词The Conjunction：连词The Interjection：感叹词Determiner：限定词The Particle：小品词Word Building：构词法Conversion：转化Derivation：派生Compounding：合成Affixation：词缀法Prefix：前缀Suffix：后缀Compound Words：合成词2. Classification of Nouns：名词的分类Common Nouns：普通名词Proper Nouns：专有名词IndividualNouns：个体名词CollectiveNouns：集体名词Material Nouns：物质名词Abstract Nouns：抽象名词Countable Nouns：可数名词Uncountable Nouns：不可数名词The Singular Form：单数形式The Plural Form：复数形式The Common Case：普通格The Possessive Case：所有格Gender：性The Definite Article：定冠词The Indefinite Article：不定冠词3. Personal Pronouns：人称代词Possessive Pronouns：物主代词Self Pronouns：自身代词Demonstrative Pronouns：指示代词Interrogative Pronouns：疑问代词Conjunctive Pronouns：连接代词Relative Pronouns：关系代词Reciprocal Pronouns：相互代词Indefinite Pronouns：不定代词The Subjective Case：主格The Objective Case：宾格Cardinal Numerals：基数词Ordinal Numerals：序数词Fractional Numerals：分数词The Comparative Degree：比较级The Superlative Degree：最高级4. Notional Verbs：实意动词Link-verbs：系动词Auxiliary Verbs：助动词Modal Verbs：情态动词Transitive Verbs：及物动词Intransitive Verbs：不及物动词Regular Verbs：规则动词Irregular Verbs：不规则动词Phrasal Verbs：成语动词Delexical Verbs：虚意动词Ditransitive Verbs：双宾动词Defective Verbs：无变化动词Stative Verbs：静态动词Person：人称Number：数Tense：时态Voice：语态Mood：语气The None-finite Forms of the Verb：动词的限定形式The Principal Forms of the Verb：动词的主要形式The Present Forms：现在式The Past Forms：过去式The Participle：分词The Present Participle：现在分词The Past Participle：过去分词The Infinitive：不定式The Gerund：动名词The Verbal Noun：名词化的动名词Contractions：名词的紧缩形式5.The Present Indefinite：一般现在时The Past Indefinite：一般过去时The Future Indefinite：一般将来时The Past Future Indefinite：一般过去将来时The Present Continuous：现在进行时The Past Continuous：过去进行时The Future Continuous：将来进行时The Past Future Continuous：过去将来进行时The Present Perfect：现在完成时The Past Perfect：过去完成时The Future Perfect：将来完成时The Past Future Perfect：过去将来完成时The Present Perfect Continuous：现在完成进行时The Past Perfect Continuous：过去完成进行时The Future Perfect Continuous：将来完成进行时The Past Future Perfect Continuous：过去将来完成时The Sequence of Tenses：时态的呼应6. The Passive Voice：被动语态The Active Voice：主动语态The Indicative Mood：陈述语气The Imperative Mood：祈使语气The Subjunctive Mood：虚拟语气Sentences of Real Condition：真实条件句Sentences of Unreal Condition：虚拟条件句Conditional Sentences of Mixed Time：错综时间条件句Sentences of Implied Condition：含蓄条件句7. Adverbs of Time：时间副词Adverbs of Place：地点副词Adverbs of Manner：方式副词Adverbs of Degree：程度副词Adverbs of Frequency：频度副词Relative Adverbs：关系副词Conjunctive Adverbs：连接副词Interrogative Adverbs：疑问副词Coordinating Conjunctions：并列连词Subordinating Conjunctions：从属连词8. The Sentence：句子Members of the Sentence：句子的成分The Subject：主语Preparatory Subject：先行主语The Predicate：谓语The Predicative：表语The Object：宾语Retained Object：保留宾语The Attribute：定语The Adverbial（Modifier）：状语The Appositive：同位语Independent Elements：独立成分Declarative Sentences：陈述句Imperative Sentences：祈使句Exclamatory Sentences：感叹句Interrogative Sentences：疑问句General Questions：一般问句Special Questions：特殊问句Alternative Questions：选择问句Disjunctive Questions：反意问句Simple Sentences：简单句Compound Sentences：并列句Complex Sentences：复合句Compound Complex Sentences：并列复合句One-member Sentences：单部句Two-members Sentences：双部句Elliptical Sentences：省略句Cleft Sentences：分裂句9. The Simple Predicate：简单谓语The Compound Predicate：复合谓语The Compound Verbal Predicate：表行为的复合谓语The Compound Nominal Predicate：表性状的复合谓语The Direct Object：直接宾语The Indirect Object：间接宾语The Complex Object：复合宾语The Cognate Object：同源宾语Direct Address：呼语Parenthesis：插入语Direct Speech：直接引语Indirect Speech：间接引语Absolute Constructions：独立结构10. Phrases：短语Participial Phrases：分词短语Prepositional Phrases：介词短语Infinitive Phrases：不定式短语Verb Phrases：动词短语Phrasal Verbs：成语动词Clauses：从句Main Clauses：主句Subordinate Clauses：从句Subject Clauses：主语从句Object Clauses：宾语从句Predicative Clauses：表语从句Attributive Clauses：定语从句Appositive Clauses：同位语从句Adverbial Clauses：状语从句Adverbial Clauses of Time：时间状语从句Adverbial Clauses of Place：地点状语从句Adverbial Clauses of Cause：原因状语从句Adverbial Clauses of Condition：条件状语从句Adverbial Clauses of Degree：程度状语从句Adverbial Clauses of Result：结果状语从句Adverbial Clauses of Concession：让步状语从句Adverbial Clauses of Purpose：目的状语从句Adverbial Clauses of Comparison：比较状语从句Adverbial Clauses of Manner：方式状语从句Defining Attributive Clauses：限制性定语从句Non-defining Attributive Clauses：非限制性定语从句Limiting Attributes：限制性定语Descriptive Attributes：描述性定语11. Natural Word-order：自然语序Inverted Word-order：倒装语序Inversion：倒装Full Inversion：完全倒装Partial Inversion：部分倒装Ellipsis：省略S