宾语从句(基础版).doc

宾语从句（基础版）一、宾语从句的定义： 在英语中用来充当宾语的句子。带有宾语从句的那个句子叫主句宾语从句。一般由“引导词主语谓语其它”构成，其语序是陈述句语序。二、哪些词后面常接that引导的宾语从句?主句的谓语动词是say, think, tell, know, hear, see, feel, mean, hope, wish, remember, forget等时, 或主句的谓语动词是由形容词afraid, glad, sure, sorry等作表语的系表结构时, 后面常接that引导的宾语从句。能跟宾语从句的形容词还有：afraid, glad, sad, excited, certain, proud, sure, unhappy, frightened, pleased, sorry, surprised等。e.g. He says that he wants to speak to the headmaster. 他说他想和校长说话。 I think that we need to buy some meat for the party. 我认为我们需要为聚会买些肉。 三、that引导的宾语从句 that引导的宾语从句用来陈述事实, that本身无词义, 在从句中不作任何成分, 在口语中常常省略。e.g. I guess somebody else has borrowed it.我猜是别的人把它借走了。 Im afraid youll have to wait. 恐怕你得等一下。 四、宾语从句的时态 主句中谓语动词是一般现在时, 从句中谓语动词的时态不受限制, 可根据具体情况选用适当的时态；主句中谓语动词是一般过去时, 从句中也必须要用某种过去时态, 以保持时态的前后呼应。注意当宾语从句表示的是客观真理、科学原理、自然现象、名言时, 则用一般现在时, 不受主句时态的限制。 五、特殊疑问句变宾语从句 I. 宾语从句可由连接代词what, who, whom, whose, which等引导, 它们在宾语从句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语等, 因此不能省略。如： Do you know who will come this afternoon? II. 宾语从句可由连接副词when, where, how, why等引导，它们在宾语从句中作状语，不可省略。如： We didnt know when she would come back. 我们不知道她什么时候回来。 说明: 含how的词组也可引导宾语从句。主要有how old, how many, how much, how long, how often, how far等。 e.g. Do you know how old he is？六、特殊疑问句变宾语从句五注意 1. 在引导词上，要将疑问代词或疑问副词变为连接代词或连接副词，引导宾语从句。e.g. Whose bike is this? Does anybody know? Does anybody know whose bike this is?2. 宾语从句的时态应与主句的时态保持一致。 e.g. When the train will arrive? He asked me. He asked me when the train would arrive. 在语序上, 要将疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。 e.g. Which one do you like best? She asked me. She asked me which one I liked best. 【 注意】疑问句中主语之前的助动词若是 dodoes did, 变为宾语从句时, 要先将其去掉, 谓语动词再根据时态作相应的变化。4. 特殊疑问词在句中作主语，变为宾语从句时语序不变 (时态应作相应变化)。e.g. Who can answer the question? The teacher asked. The teacher asked who could answer the question. 5. 特殊疑问句变为宾语从句后, 用问号还是用句号完全取决于主句的句式。如主句为陈述句、祈使句, 句末就用句号; 如主句是疑问句, 句末就用问号。 e.g. I dont know when we shall start tomorrow. Do you know when we shall start tomorrow?巩固练习：请按照示例完成下列句子，注意宾语从句的用法。Who is that boy? (I want to know .Does her aunt live in London? (She doesnt know.) . Is Mr Zhang at home or not? (I asked .) Why didnt he come here? (Can you tell me .?) 4. How many eggs have you bought? (Please let me know.) 5. What did Ted say about it? (She asked me .) 请补上下列各题宾语从句中所缺的连词(引导词)。1. They said _ they would all leave if John stayed. 2. I wonder _ we can meet when I am in Beijing. 3. She asked _ or not she could work in Xinjiang. 4. The teacher didnt know _ broke the window. 5. Mr. Green went out to see _ was happening. 6. Please tell me _ your father is. 7. I really dont know _ I should do with these letters.8. Did you ask him _ we would leave?9. Do you know _ the lady lives? 10. Can you tell us _ you are late for class? 11. Could you tell us _ I can get to the zoo? 12. Jenny wondered _ wallet it was.13. I cant decide _ coat I should choose. 14. They asked me _ the book cost.15. Could you tell me _ students there are in your class?翻译句子：1. 对不起, 此刻他不在。2你听见她说的话了吗？(作宾语) 3.你知道今天下午谁来吗？(作主语) 我不知道那是谁的。(作表语) 请问我们得走哪个门? (作gate的定语)Can you tell me how I get to the post office? 你能告诉我