2010年6月阿里巴巴内贸考题.doc

第二冊語法課 簡單陳述句 並列句 複合句 總複習Lesson 1 A private conversation 私人談話First listen and then answer the question. 聽錄音，然後回答以下問題。 Why did the writer complain to the people behind him? Last week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. I cant hear a word! I said angrily. Its none of your business, the young man said rudely. This is a private conversation! 參考譯文 上星期我去看戲。我的座位很好，戲很有意思，但我卻無法欣賞。一青年男子與一青年女子坐在我的身後，大聲地說著話。我非常生氣，因為我聽不見演員在說什麼。我回過頭去怒視著那一男一女，他們卻毫不理會。最後，我忍不住了，又一次回過頭去，生氣地說：“我一個字也聽不見了！” “不關你的事，”那男的毫不客氣地說，“這是私人間的談話！” New words and expressions 生詞和短語 private(title) adj.私人的 Its my private letter/house. private school私立學校；public school公立學校 反義：public a.公眾的,公開的public letter公開信public place公共場所privacy n.穏私Its a privacy.這是個人的穏私。(不願別人過問時回答)private a.普通的Private Ryan拯救雷恩大兵；private soldier大兵private life私生活private citizen普通公民 I am a private citizen. private opinion個人觀點秘密的，不可告人的想法secret desires形容詞用法 名詞用法Ill tell you a secret.個人的情感personal feelings機密文件confidential documentsThis is for your private ear. = Its a secret. 這是一個秘密。This is a quiet and private place.僻靜的地方He is a private man.性格孤僻的人。a private detective = a private eye一個私家偵探副詞用法：May I speak to you privately (in private)? 我可以和你單獨談談嗎？名詞用法：A person should have some privacy.人都應該有隱私權。conversation n.談話較正式,文章用法 conversation用的時候比talk正式，但意思上往往不非常正式subject of conversation話題have/hold a conversation with sb.make/get into conversation with sb. 動詞用make不可加冠詞 (01-02)表狀態be in conversation with sb.They are talking. Or. They are having a conversation. talk n.談話正式非正式都可用,talk的內容什麼都可以 正式hold talks with sb. Lets have a talk.談判hold negotiation with sb.dialogue n.對話國家與國家的對話 China and Korea are having a dialogue.chat n.閒談 have a chat/discussion with sb.gossip n.嚼舌根, 談別人閒話, 八卦用法：have a conversation/talk/dialogue/chat/gossiptheatre n劇場,戲院 cinema電影院attention n.注意Attention, please.(口頭通知用語)pay attention注意pay attention to 對.注意pay a little attention稍加注意pay much attention多加注意pay more attention更多的加以注意pay no attention不需注意必考單詞 seat n.座位 have a good/bad seat有一個好/不好的座位seat不是指chair而是指place口考Take a seat, please. 找個地方坐下來, 就坐Pease take your seat.找你的位子坐下。口 Is the seat taken? No./Yes.這座位有人嗎？(被動語態)vt. 讓某人就坐考 Be seated, please. 正式用法(被動語態)【seat sb.】及物動詞必須有受詞，因為有受詞才會有被動語態 seat yourself你自己坐下來；You seat him給他找個位子坐下sit vi. 坐 Sit down, please.語法精粹P.6 4. When all those present(到場者)_ he began his lecture.(重點題) A. sit B. set C. seated D. were seated當所有的人坐下來，他開始他的演講。 sit改成sat就可以是答案，因為空格後沒有成份。 01-1 16:33bear bore - borne v.容忍 【忍受極限一個一個的擴大：bear stand endure】bear/stand ：I cant bear/stand you.put up with (= bear/stand)：I could not put up with him. n.熊 bear hug熱情的擁抱give sb. a bear hug (形象用法)business n.事, 生意 business man生意人do business做生意go to some place on business因公出差I went to Taipei on business.n.私人的事Its my business. / Its none of your business. 【thing可以指事情，可以指東西，但遇到私人事情時用business】He is my good friend, but business is business.買賣就是買賣，事情就是事情How is (your) business? Business is booming. = Business is very good.business = duty or responsibility職責A teachers business is to help students learn.老師的職責是幫助學生學習。句型：誰的任務/職責是什麼？ 一般是在be動詞後跟不定詞，help後跟省略to的不定詞。Lets get down to the mian business of the meeting/class.閒話少說，開會/上課了。business as usual照常營業I mean business. 我說的是真的(不開玩笑)。play n.戲loudly adv.大聲地 rudely adv.無禮地，粗魯地 rude a. angrily adv.生氣地 angry a.生氣的再好的詞用了50遍，沒人會說好。用不同詞來表逹I was angry. He was cross.我生氣，他生氣。annoyed惱火的 I was annoyed. I was angry/cross. I was very angry. I was blue in the face.相當生氣(臉都氣的發青)。Last week I went to the theatre. 上星期我去看戲。 go to the + place為去某地做某事 ：go to the doctors去醫生的家go to the dairy去牛奶店(奶品店)go to the Great Wall去長城玩go to the + 人 + s表示去這個人開的店：go to the doctors去看病go to the butchers去買肉不加the的短語：go to school去上學；go to church去做禮拜；go to hospital去看病 go home(跟home相連一定表示沒事可做，回家休息I am at home.)I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting.我的座位很好，戲很有意思，I did not enjoy it. 但我卻無法欣賞。 enjoy oneself = have a good time玩得開心enjoy sth.喜歡，從當中得到一種享受I enjoy the class/music/book/dinner/film/program.I like something very much. / I love something.A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. 一青年男子與一青年女子坐在我的身後， 過去進行式：過去的某個時間正在發生的動作【一故事的背景往往用進行時態描述】The girl was reading a book in the garden. A boy came to her.They were talking loudly. I got very angry.大聲地說著話。我非常生氣， got變得：I got angry.強調變化過程；I was angry陳述事實 It is hot. It got hot.變熱了(強調本來不熱後來熱了) got取代be動詞，為連綴動詞的用法。(02-03) I could not hear the actors. 因為我聽不見演員在說什麼。【口語會用couldnt而在文章中則用不用縮寫形式】hear sb.聽某人的話I could not hear you. Beg your pardon?I couldnt hear you.我聽不到你說的話。I couldnt hear a word. 你的話我一個子也聽不見。I couldnt catch your words.我沒聽清楚你的話。I couldnt hear you clearly.我聽不清你的話。I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily. 我回過頭去怒視著那一男一女， 轉頭 副詞修飾look at的動作They did not pay any attention. 他們卻毫不理會。not any = no They paid no attention. pay paid paid - paying只表示注意pay attention；對什麼加以注意pay attention to sthIn the end, I could not bear it. 最後，我忍不住了， you / the noiseI turned round again. I cant hear a word! I said angrily. a word單詞/一句話 = 一句話 He didnt say a word. May I speak to Jim?又一次回過頭去，生氣地說：“我一個字也聽不見了！” May I have a word with Jim? Its none of your business, the young man said rudely. “不關你的事，”那男的毫不客氣地說，不想別人干涉你的事，可用(Its) none of your business. Or. Its my business.This is a private conversation! “這是私人間的談話！” private是私人的,不想與別人共享的英文的作文第一句話往往是中心句，最後一句話往往是最幽默的地方。Summary writing 摘要寫作 Answer these questions in not more than 55 words. 回答下列問題，將答案組成一個段落，不要超過55個單詞。 1 Where did the writer go last week？ 2 Did he enjoy the play or not？ 3 Who was sitting behind him？ 4 Were they talking loudly，or were they talking quietly？ 5 Could the writer hear the actors or not？ 6 Did he turn round or not？ 7 What did he say？ 8 Did the young man say, The play is not interesting，or did he say，This is a private conversation！？ Key to Summary writing The writer went to the theatre last week. He did not enjoy the play. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind him. They were talking loudly. The writer could not hear the actors. He turned round. I cant hear a word! he said. This is a private conversation! the young man said. (55 words) Key structures 關鍵句型 Word order in simple statements 簡單陳述句的語序 a A statement tells us about something. All the sentences in t he passage are statements. Each of these statements contains one ideaEach statement tells us about one thingA statement that tells us about one thing is a simple statement 陳述句用來敘述一件事情。本段課文中的所有句子都是陳述句。每個句子包含著一個概念，告訴我們一件事情。凡是敘述一件事情的陳述句都是簡單陳述句。 簡單陳述句的語序一般為： 6123456When?Who?Which?What?Action Who?Which?What?How?Where?When?時間副詞主 詞人物事名詞/代名詞動 詞受 詞人物事名詞/名詞方式副詞副詞介詞短語對方式/狀態題問地點副詞時間副詞主語一般為名詞、代詞或名詞短語，通常位於動詞之前。動詞必須與主語“一致”，所以主語決定動詞的單複數形式（如I am, you are, he has）。受詞一般為名詞、代詞或名詞短語。在主動句中，受詞一般位於動詞之後。一個句子不總是需要有受詞。副詞的位置比較靈活。當一個句子裡有一種以上的副詞時，地點副詞的一般位置是在方式副詞之後、時間副詞之前，如上面的最後一個例句。時間狀語可以在句尾，也可以在句首。簡單陳述句一定不能少的是主詞和動詞。 在口語中問“何時何地”用when and whereb The order of the words in a statement is very importantLook at these two statementsThey both contain the words but they do not mean the same thing： 陳述句中的語序很重要，注意下面兩個句子，每句話所用的單詞相同，但句子所表達的意思不同： The policeman arrested the thief員警逮捕了小偷。 The thief arrested the policeman小偷逮捕了員警。 c A simple statement can have six parts，but it does not always have so manyStudy the order of the words in the following columnsNote that column 6(When？)can be at the beginning or at the end of a statement 一個簡單陳述句可以由6部分組成，但是並不是每個句子都有這麼多組成部分。注意下表中句子的語序。第6欄(表示時間)可以放在句首或句尾。 Exercises 練習 A Rule seven columns on a double sheet of paperAt the top of each column，write the numbers and the words given in the Table belowCopy out the rest of the passagePut the words of each statement in the correct column in the way shown in the Table 在一張大紙上畫出7欄，在前兩行相應的欄內填入下表中第1、2行的數位和關鍵字，將課文中其他句子也按同一形式抄入表內。 B Use the seven columns again for this exercise. There is a line under each word or group of words in the statements below. The words are not in the right order. Arrange them correctly in the seven columns. Look at this example: 用同一張表格來完成這個練習。下列陳述句中的每個詞或片語下面有一條橫線。這些詞的語序不對，參照例句在表中重新排列各句的語序。請看以下例句： I last year to America went. The correct order is: I (who) went (action) to America (where) last year (when). Or: Last year I went to America. 1 The film I enjoyed yesterday. 2 The news listened to I carefully. 3 Well the man the piano played. 4 Games played yesterday in their room the children quietly. 5 Quietly the door he opened. 6 Immediately left he. 7 A tree in the corner of the garden he planted. 8 Before lunch the letter in his office quickly he read. 9 This morning a book I from the library borrowed. 10 The soup spoi1t the cook. 11 We at home stay on Sundays. 12 There a lot of people are at the bus stop. 13 The little boy an apple this morning ate greedily in the kitchen. 14 She beautifully draws. 15 Music I like very much. 16 A new school built they in our village last year. 17 The match at four oclock ended. 18 She a letter from her brother last week received. (03-01)Multiple choice questions 多項選擇題 Comprehension 理解 1 The writer turned round. He looked at the man and the woman angrily _ . aand they stopped talking bbut they didnt stop talking cbut they didnt notice him dbut they looked at him rudely pay attention注意(在思想上)：Pay attention in this word. notice注意( = see 眼睛看)： I noticed the girl behind the door.b選b最為正確。因為a. d.都與課文內容不符合，也不合乎邏輯；c.的意思是“他們沒有注意他”，而作者的意圖並不是想讓他們注意他，而是想讓他們停止談話。所以選b. 最能表達作者當時心裡的感受。2 The young man said, Its none of your business. aHe was talking to the young woman. bHe was talking about the play. cHe thought the writer was trying to listen to his conversation with the young woman. dHe thought the writer was asking him a question. c其餘3個答案都與原句意思不符合。Structure 句型 3 Last week the writer went to the theatre. He was _ the theatre. ato bat cinto don b因為a. to 不對，可以是He went to the theatre; c. into 也不對，可以是He went into the theatre; d. on更不符合語法，表示在某一個地方用介詞in 或at, in 表示在大的空間，如國家，城市等，at 則表示在小的地點或空間，如atthe office, at the theatre 等, 所以選b.是正確的。4 The young man and young woman were sitting behind him. He was sitting _ them. abefore babove cahead of din front of ahead of在.前面與時間相連ahead of time”比標準時間提前”(相對動態的行為)也可與位置相連He goes ahead of me.in frond of在.前面(相對靜止的概念) before在.之前後接單詞before six oclock或句子before he came back，必與時間相連。 d b. above(在上方)；c. ahead of (在的前面，在之前)不和behind 對應，也不強調位置的前後順序。a. before 和 d. infront of 都是和behind對應的，都有“在前面”的意思。但in front of 更具體的強調位置，而before則包含更寬泛的意思，即時間上，空間，次序，登記，重要性 方面的“在前面”5 _ did the writer feel? Angry. aWhere bWhy cHow cWhen How對方式,狀態提問；特殊疑問詞對後面的答案提問 How本身是副詞，對形容詞、副詞、介詞短語提問。 How are you? I am fine. 形容詞 How did you go? I went slowly. 副詞 How do you go to school? By bus. 介詞短語where對介詞、地點提問、when對介詞、時間提問、why對because提問c 因為用 a. Where, b. why, d. when 提問都不符合邏輯， 都不是針對狀態提問的，只有How提問，才能用Angry回答。6 He looked at the man and the woman angrily. He looked at _ angrily. athem bthey ctheir dus a b. they 只做主語； c. their只能做定語；d. us 雖然可以做賓語，但與前一句意思不符合。7 The young man and the young woman paid _ attention to the writer. anone bany cnot any dno any用在否定句和疑問句中；some用在肯定句中none “沒有任何東西, 沒有任何人” none為代名詞：直接作主語或受詞用 用none of結構作主語：None knows. 代名詞用法：None of us knows.-代名詞不會跟名詞attention連用，not any = no，但not是否定詞，要放在助動詞後。(03-02) no為形容詞，可放名詞前。not any與no是意思上相同，但在位置上是不相同，因為詞性不相同。I have no friends. = I dont have any friends.I have no time. = I dont have any time.d a. none是代詞，很少用在名詞前面；b. any 只能用在否定句或疑問句中；c. not any 不符合語法，因為前面沒有助動詞did.Vocabulary 詞彙 8 He had a good seat. He was sitting in a good _ . achair bplace carmchair dclass b a. chair(椅子)， c. armchair(手扶椅) d. class(班級) 這3個選擇都和seat的意思不符合。 Seat是”座位， 座席” 的意思。 強調的是可供坐下的地方，不是具體的椅子。 只有b. place 是seat 的同義詞。9 He was a young man. He wasnt very _ . aold bbig ctall dlarge a b. big(大的)指體積；c. tall(高的)指身材；d. large(大的)指空間和面積。這3個詞都與人的年齡無關。 只有a. old是說明年齡的。10 The writer looked at the man and the woman angrily. He was very _ . asad bunhappy ccross dpleased c a. sad(悲哀，憂愁的)沒有生氣的意思；b. unhappy(不幸的，不快樂的)不一定是生氣；d. pleased(高興的)同angry意思相反；只有c. cross(脾氣壞的，易怒的，生氣的)與angry 意思相反。11 The writer could not bear it. He could not _ it. acarry bsuffer cstand dlift suffer from遭受, 忍受(精神或肉體上) + 痛苦 I suffer the headache. He often suffers defeat.c c. stand 是bear的同義詞，都有忍受的意思。而其他3個選擇都沒有忍受的意思。12 The young man spoke rudely. He wasnt very _ . aclever brude cpolite dkind c a. clever(聰明的)，b. rude(粗魯的)，d. kind(仁慈的)這3個都不是rude的反義詞，只有polite(有禮貌的)才是和rude相對應的反義詞，所以選c.Sentence structure 句子結構 Arrange these words in their correct order, then check your answer against the text. 按照正確的次序排列以下片語，然後對照課文第2-3行，核對你的答案。 a me young behind man sitting and were a woman young 總稱英國人 英語Lesson 25 Do the English speak English? 英國人講的是英語嗎？ 講某種語言動詞用speak而且中間不能加theEnglish還可表示“英國的”相同的用法還有Chinese, Japanese, FrenchFirst listen and then answer the question. 聽錄音，然後回答以下問題。 Why does the writer not understand the porter? I arrived in London at last. The railway station was big, black and dark. I did not know the way to my hotel, so I asked a porter. I not only spoke English very carefully, but very clearly as well. The porter, however, could not understand me. I repeated my question several times and at last he understood. He answered me, but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly. I am a foreigner, I said. Then he spoke slowly, but I could not understand him. My teacher never spoke English like that! The porter and I looked at each other and smiled. Then he said something and I understood it. Youll soon learn English! he said. I wonder. In England, each person speaks a different language. The English understand each other, but I dont understand them! Do they speak English? 參考譯文 我終於到了倫敦。火車站很大，又黑又暗。我不知道去飯店的路該怎麼走，於是向一個搬運工打聽。我的英語講得不但非常認真，而且咬字也非常清楚。然而搬運工卻不明白我的話。我把問話重複了很多遍。他終於聽懂了。他回答了，但他講得既不慢也不清楚。“我是個外國人”我說。於是他說得慢了，可我還是聽不懂。我的老師從來不那樣講英語！我和搬運工相視一笑。接著，他說了點什麼，這回我聽懂了。“您會很快學會英語的！”他說。我感到奇怪。在英國，人們各自說著一種不同的語言。英國人之間相互聽得懂，可我卻不懂他們的話！他們說的是英語嗎？ New words and expressions 生詞和短語 railway n鐵路 rail鐵路, 鐵軌 + wayby rail乘火車 美口語railroadrepeat n.重複, 反複re-再, 重【rewrite重寫, replay重放(錄音, 音樂), restate複述, 再說一遍】 vt.重做, 複述The teacher asked me to repeat this question.老師要我重複述一遍這個問題。time n. u時間, 時候, 時機 c次數I have tried it several times, but it vain.我已經試過好幾次了，但沒有結果。 vt.計時, 定時安排.的時間You timed your arrival well; we were just going to have dinner. 你到逹的時間安排的正好，我們正要開飯。【區別記憶】sometimes有時, 偶而some times一些次數(倍數)事實上在英文中不存在some times只有several times“許多次”的概念sometime 某時I will defeat you sometime.我最終會打敗你的。some time一般時間some time ago一段時間以前porter n搬運工 port港口, 港灣 + -er名詞後綴 (旅館, 學校, 醫院的)守門人，相當於gate keeper(26-03)wonder n.奇蹟, 驚奇, 驚愕look at sth in wonder驚奇地看著某物 wonderful極好的；wonder奇觀 the seven wonders of the world世界七大奇蹟 No wonder！難怪 vt.對.感到驚訝, 驚奇想知道(後常接從句，相當於I want to know.) I wonder if you have friend. I wonder how many friends you have.wonder + if子句“是否”I wonder if you have any spare time.wonder + 特殊疑問詞引導的子句I wonder what time it is. 我想知道現在幾點 I wonder why you are late. I wondered where you were going.所有的從句都是陳述句的語序，主詞在動詞前面Could you tell me how to get to? = I wonder how to get there.間接引語的疑問句：一般疑問句用if引導，特殊疑問句用特殊疑問詞引導 vi.驚訝, 懷疑wonder at sth對.感到奇怪several quantifier 幾個 ( = a number of的概念)a number of一些；a great number of大量的永遠等同於some一些(比many少一些，比one or two多一些)區別：some修飾可數與不可數名詞，而several只能修飾可數名詞 Notes on the text 課文注釋 1 at last，終於。 2 the way to my hotel，去(我住的那家)飯店的路。 3 not only but as well，不但而且，與 not only but also是同樣意思，所連接的前後兩部分的成分必須一致。 4 neithernor，既不又不，這個結構所連接的兩個否定概念也必須是對等的成分。 5 like that，像那樣。介詞短語作狀語，修飾動詞spoke。 6 the English，英國人。與定冠詞連用，表示一個群體，所跟的動詞用複數。 最後 = in the end I arrived in London at last. 我終於到了倫敦。 表“到逹”vi. arrive in大範圍/at小範圍When will you arrive?你什麼時候到逹？ I arrived at last.vt. reach + 地點 When will you reach the office?你什麼時候到辦公室？注意arrive和reach的用法，有地點用reach，沒地點用 arrive.get toget本身不表“到逹”，只有後接 to + 地點時，才有到逹的意思。 How can I get there?there adv. When will you get to Taipei?get to + 地點get home到家, get there到那(home, there都是副詞，副詞跟動詞連用時，是不須要用介詞)The railway station was big, black and dark