2011_2018年高考英语语法填空真题及答案解析.docVIP

参考 指导 范例范文 范例 指导 学习历年高考语法填空真题1. (2018 全国卷 I) 阅谈下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years61(long) than non- runners. You don t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) thebenefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 _(die) early by running.While running regularly cant makeyou live forever, the review says it 64 (be)more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of theauthors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a merefive to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deathsfrom all 67 (cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise . it s probablyrunning. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68(strength) your leg muscles ( 肌肉) ，avoid hills and get good running shoes. Runningis cheap, easy and it s always 69(energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the samebenefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.2. (2018 全国卷 II) 阅读下面短文 , 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Diets have changed in china-and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country61_ (grow) more corn than rice 。 Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over_62 _ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.A taste for meat is 63 _(actual) behind the change: An important part of its cornword 版本整理分享-范文 范例 指导 学习is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corns rise: Thegovernment encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64_(improve) waterquality. Corn uses less water _65_ rice and creates less fertilizer ( 化肥)runoff.This switch has decreased 66_ (pollute)in the countrys major lakes andreservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total67_(globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture findsthat between 2005-when the government 68_ (start) a soil-testing program69_ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers- and 2011,fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission( 排放) of 51.8million tons of carbon dioxide. Chinas approach to protecting its environment while70 _ (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and foodpolicymakers worldwide, ” says the banks Juergen Voegele.3. (2018 全国卷 III) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Im not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla( 大猩猩) thatsuddenly appears out of nowhere. Im walking on a path in the forest in the CentralAfrican Republic. Unexpectedly, Im face-to-face with the gorilla, who beginsscreaming at 62 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a400-pound male appears. He screams the 63 (loud) of all. The noise shakes thetrees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, duckingmy head to avoid 64 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel 65(challenge).word 版本整理分享范文 范例 指导 学习My nameis Mireya Mayor. Im a 66 (science) who studies animals such as apesand monkeys. I was searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas Id beenobserving. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.Whenthe gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68 (they)alive. True to gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 (mean) no realharm. He was just saying: “Im king of this forest, and here is your reminder! ” Oncehis message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay) and watch.4. （2017 全国）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat contentand less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界） 61a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect)such as overweight and heart disease the very thing the medical community was tryingto fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodilyfunctions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if ismissing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make upfor that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food thatpeople eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat)more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack( 吃点心)between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care)word 版本整理分享范文 范例 指导 学习not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70is not good for the health.5. （2017全国）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London.It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible_61_(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and _62_work. It tookthree years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This includeddigging up the road, _63_(lay) the track and then building a strong roofover_64_ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.Steam engines _65_(use) to pull the carriages and it must havebeen_66_(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smokeand noise. However,the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000people were using_67_ every day.Later, engineers _68_(manage) to construct railways in a system of deeptunnels ( 隧道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possiblewith the _69_ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The centralLondon Railway was one of the most _70_(success) of these new lines, and was openedin 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremelypopular with the public.6. （2017全国）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas islooking forward to challenge of her new A-level course .But unlike schoolword 版本整理分享范文 范例 指导 学习friends ,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 _ (rest). Instead,she is earning $6500 a day as 62 _ model in New York.Sarah 63 _ (tell) that she could be Britain s new supermodel earning amillion dollars in the newyear. Her father Peter 44,wants her to give up school to modelfulltime But Sarah, 64 _ has taken part in shows along with top models wants65_ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carryon with her 66_ (educate).She has turned down several 67_ (invitation) to star at shows in order toconcentrate on her studies After school she plans to take a year off to model full timebefore going to university to get a degree 68_ engineering or architecture.Sarah says, My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69_(come) first. I dont want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 _(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I dont want to have nothing else tofall back on when I cant model my more.7. （2016 全国）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（ 1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia s biggest building, and fancy newhotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top_61_(attract).So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base,where ticket money helps pay for research, I_62_ （allow ）to get up closeto these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UKambassador. The title will be _63_(official) given to me at a ceremony inword 版本整理分享范文 范例 指导 学习London. But my connection with pandas goes back _64_ my days on a TV showin the mid-1980s, _65_ I was the first Western TV reporter_66_(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.My ambassadorial duties will include _67_(introduce) British visitors to the120-plus pandas at Chengduand others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejectedby _68_ (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few _69_( day) withhis sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, _70_ other is with mum-sheneversuspects.8. （2016 全国卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（ 1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back andidentify （识别）those of 61_ _ (great) and less importance. Then, handle themost important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of 62 _ (achieve).Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 63 _ (be) often acceptable.Most of us are more focused 64 our tasks in the morning than we are later inthe day. So get an early start and try to be as productive 65_ possible beforelunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoonand go home feeling accomplished.Recent 66 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we takeshort breaks 67 _ (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by steppingoutside for 68 while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.word 版本整理分享范文 范例 指导 学习If you find something you love doing outside of the office, youll be less likely69_ (bring) your work home. It could be anything, gardening, cooking, music,sports but whatever it is, 70_ (make )sure its a relief from daily stressrather than another thing to worry about.9. （2016 全国卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（ 1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。In muchof Asia, especially the so- called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan,Korea, 41 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also bemadeof plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Trulyelegant chopsticks might 42 (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 43_(create)special designs.The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cookedtheir food in large pots, 44 _ (use) twigs( 树枝) to remove it. Over time,45 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it wouldcook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 46(gradual)turned into chopsticks.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,47_-lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the 48_(develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killingsand 49_ (be) too violent for use at the table.word 版本整理分享范文 范例 指导 学习Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most peopletraditionally eat 50_ their hands.10. （2015 全国）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（ 1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。Yangshuo, ChinaIt was raining lightly whenI_61_(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. ButI didn t care. A few hours _62_, I d been at home in Hong Kong, with _63_(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.I d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestonemountain tops and dark waters of the Li River_64_are pictured by artists inso manyChinese _65_(painting). Instead, I d headed straight for Yangshuo. Forthose who fly to Guilin, it s only an hour away _66_ car and offers allthe scenery of the better-known city.Yangshuo_67_(be) really beautiful. A study oftravelers_68_(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as oneof the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekenddestination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong,says it _69_(regular) arranges quick getaways here forpeople_70_(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.11. （2015 全国卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（ 1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。The adobe dwellings ( 土坯房) 61 _（_ build ）by the Pueblo Indians of the Americanword 版本整理分享范文 范例 指导 学习Southwest are admired by even 62 _ most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their63_ (able) to “air condition ” a house without 64 ( use) electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat65 _( slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. Whena new day breaks,the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 66 _ (cool) thehouse during the hot day; 67 _ the same time, they warm up again forthe night. This cycle 68 _ (go) day after day: The walls warm up duringthe day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset( 抵消) forthe outside temperatures. As 69 _ (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indiansfigured out exactly 70 _ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make thecycle work on most days.12. （2014全国卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于 3 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It -_61_（be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so pollutedthat it _62_(actual)caught fire and burned. Now, ears later, this river is oneof _63_most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.But the river wasn t changed in a few days _64_even a few months. It tookyears of work_65_(reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally,that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is_66_(clean) than ever.word 版本整理分享范文 范例 指导 学习Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit _67_isdriving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don t know howot controlyour credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation ,don t you want aquick fix and something to change immediately?While there are _68_(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for mostof us the_69_(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, likecleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70 _ (patience)13. （2014全国）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于 3 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about _41_ (be) late forschool.There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _42_ some of them looked veryanxious and _43_(disappoint) . when the bus finally came, we all hurried on board.I got a place next _44_ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boyon a bike _45_ (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and wavinghis arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused_46_(stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept _47_(ride).He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came tothe next stop, the boy ran up the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation.Then the driver stood up and asked, “_48_ anyone lose a suitcase at the laststop? ” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It s _49_ (I ) ”. She pushedher way to the driver and took the suitcase than