冠词习惯用法.doc

必背四 冠词的习惯用法4-1 习惯带有不定冠词的短语a little 一点，少量 a few 一些，少数几个a lot of 许多 a bit 有点儿after a while 过一会儿 as a result 结果give a talk 做演讲 give a call 给打电话a number of 一些，许多 in a hurry 匆忙in a word 简言之 in a minute 马上have a good time 过得愉快 have/catch a cold 感冒have a cough 咳嗽 have a rest 休息一会have a fever 发烧 have a headache 头疼make a mistake 犯错误 make a living 谋生make a face 做鬼脸 make a fool of 捉弄，欺骗leave a message 留口信 take a chance 冒险，投机take a bath (nap,drive,walk) 洗澡，睡午觉，驱车游玩，散步take a look 看一看 4-2 习惯带有定冠词的短语all the time 一直 all the year round 终年at the same time 同时 at the most 至多by the way 顺便说一下 in the daytime 白天in the morning (afternoon,evening)在上午 （下午，晚上）in the end 最后 at /in the beginning 开始in the front of 在前部 in the middle of 在中间on the whole 总之 on the right /left 在右、左边on the way 在路上 on the phone 在电话里go to the cinema (theatre,concert) 去看电影（看戏，听音乐会）4-3 习惯不带冠词的短语at first 起初 at once 立刻at last 终于 at least 至少at work 在工作 at night 在晚上at noon 在中午 for example 例如by way of 经由 by bike 骑自行车by bus (train,plane/air,sea) 坐公共汽车（火车，飞机，轮船）gp to school 去学校 go to bed 睡觉learn by heart 背过 keep in mind 牢记catch fire 着火 make fun of 与开玩笑make money 赚钱 make use of 利用take care of 照料 take place 发生on foot 步行4-4有定冠词和无定冠词的区别1. go to school上学 (是学生)go to the school 到学校去 (不一定是学生)2. go to bed 就寝，上床睡觉go to the bed 向床边走去，走到床前 (不一定是去睡觉)3. in hospital 因病住院in the hospital 在医院里 (不一定是病人)4. at table 吃饭at the table 在桌子旁5. go to sea 当水手，去航海 go to the sea 到海滨去6. in class 在上课in the class 在班级里7. in future 今后in the future 将来8. in front of 在(外部的) 前面in the front of 在(内部的) 前面9. next year 明年the next year 第二年10. three of them 他们当中有三个 the three of them 他们三个11. in frong of the classroom 在教室的前面（室外） in the front of the classroom 在教室的前部（室内）12. on earth 究竟on the earth 在地球上13. in charge of 负责 in the charge of 由负责14. out of question 不成问题 out of the question 不可能五 典型正误辨析1. 【误】He hit her on her head. 【正】He hit her on the head. 他打她的头。【辨析】英语中表示接触或打击身体的某一部位是往往要用定冠词，千万不要换作his, her, their等词。例如：The soldier was wounded in the leg. 战士的腿受伤了。The polici caught the thief by the arm. 那个警察抓住了贼的手。2. 【误】I bought an English and the Chinese dictionary. 【正】I bought an English and Chinese dictionary. 我买了一本英汉词典。 【正】I bought an English and a Chinese dictionary. 我买了一本英语词典和一本汉语词典。【辨析】注意区别：a red and white rose 一朵红白相间的玫瑰，a red and a white rose 一朵红玫瑰和一朵白玫瑰。有时两个名词被看做一个整体，可以只用一个冠词。例如：a knife and fork 一副刀叉，a cup and saucer 一套杯碟，the husband and wife 这对夫妻。3. 【误】I like her the dress. 【正】I like her dress. / I like the dress of hers.我喜欢她的裙子。【辨析】单数可数名词前不能没有限定词，但一般只能有一个限定词。名词前如果有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词或名词所有格修饰不再用冠词。4. 【误】I bought a same dictionary as she bought.【正】I bought the same dictionary as she bought.我买的字典和她买的一样。【辩析】在惯用法the same, the only, the very前的定冠词不可换为不定冠词。5. 【误】I took a umbrella with me because it was raining outside. 【正】I took an umnrella with me because it was raining outside. 外面正在下雨，所以我带上了伞。【辨析】 umbrella的第一个音素是元音，所以应用an。常用an的情况有：an old man一位老人, an English teacher一位英语老师, an elephant一头大象, an hour ago一小时前, an honest boy一个诚实的男孩。6. 【误】Germany is an European country. 【正】Germany is a European country. 德国是一个欧洲国家。【辨析】an用于以元音音素开始的单词前，而不是元音字母开头的单词前。European的第一个音素是j，所以用a而不要用an。例如： a university 一所大学，a unit 一个单位，a useful animal 一种有用的动物。7. 【误】He turned a professor at the forties. 【正】He turned p