IELTS写作7分288单词.docx

IELTS写作7分288单词EDUCATION1传授知识impart(vt.)/inculcate(vt.) knowledge灌输高尚的道德观instill(vt.) high moral values (注意values复数表示价值观)给学生以动力give the students motivation to do sth.Motivate the students to do sth.给学生以灵感stimulate the students thoughtgive the students inspiration培养（某种素质）cultivate/foster/nurture(vts.)促进学生身心的发展promote the students physcial/mental/ intellectual and emotional development心理健康psychological soundness/ well-being/welfare(adjs)塑造某人的性格mould(BrE,vt) ones character责任感a sense of obligation能力(先天获得)aptitude/talant能力（后天学习得到）ability/skill2学生接受的学校教育（n）schooling(n)儿童接受的家庭教育（n）upbringing(n)parenting(n)教学法methodology/pedagogical methodology用填鸭式教学来教育学生force-feed(vt.) the students学生不应该只是被动的接受简单知识的容器Students should not be treated as passive recepacles of predigested ideas死记硬背learn things by rote为了记忆而记忆memorise(BrE) for memorisations own sake以及方程式，公式，定理，定律memorise(vt.) equations,formulas,theorems and laws(nouns)应用apply盲从follow something blindly/indiscriminately(advs)限制创造力的发展extiguish(vt.)/stifle(vt.)/constrain(vt.) creativity(noun)打击学生的积极性dampen/sap(vts) the students emthusiasm/frustrate the students产生不必要的压力beget/creat undue pressure3把学生分开教育（如根据课堂上的表现）segregate(vt.) students来自于其他同学的压力peer pressure适应（v）adapt to sth./adjust oneself to sth./become accustomed to sth.适应能力adaptability逆境adverse circumstances/adversity团队精神team spirit(n)独立思考thing independently(adv)在理解的基础上学习learn things through understanding鼓励学生用辩证的眼光看问题encourage students to think critically(adv)学生的反馈students feedback/input学生评价老师的教学students appraise/evaluate(vts) their teachers performance学生对老师所教知识的掌握students grasp/command(n) of what has been taught4学生学习的各门功课加在一起称为curriculum(n)具体一门课叫syllabus课外活动叫extra-curricular activities学校是社会的缩影a school is society in miniature不遵守纪律(n)indiscipline/misbehavior/mischief(n)不遵守纪律(daj)的学生disruptive/unruly students5理论知识theoretical knowledge就业技能employable/marketable skills通才generalist专才specialist全面发展的well-rounded/versatile(adj)为社会健康发展作贡献contribute to societal(adj) well-being(n)/welfare(n)6大学学科的分类可以分为人文学科（文学，历史语言学等）humanities社会学科（政治经济学社会学的）social sciences艺术（音乐雕塑等）arts文科也可以总称为liberal arts/ liberal studies理科（物理化学生物学等）sciences工科（工程自动化等）engineering大学里任何一个学科都有可以叫discipline基础科学basic sciences应用科学applied sciences小学教育primary-level education中学教育secondary-level education大学教育tertiary-level education职业教育vocational education/training青少年（复数）youths/youngsters/adolescentsTechnology1生物技术biotechnology克隆cloning (n)clone(v)远程通讯telecommunications(n)尖端的技术cutting-edge(adj) technology信息爆炸information exposion/overload信息时代the information age/era互联网被广泛的应用the proliferation(n) of the Internet太空探索（n）space exploration一个人的基因构成ones genetic makeup/ ones DNA programming2科技创新与发展technological innovations/inventions/advances/progression(n)提高效率augment/enhance/boost(vts)efficiency提高生产效率augment/enhance/bootsproductivity减少人力的机器（计算机发明之前的技术）labor-saving machinery取代人力的机器（计算机发明之后的技术）labor-replacing machinery自动化automation(n)/ automated(adj)3彻底变革transform/revolutionise(vts)/fundamentally change sth.以一种史无前例的速度向前发展advance/progress(vis) at an unprecedented(adj) rate如果要说以一种让人震惊的速度向前发展，只要把unprecedented改成astonishing如果要说正以一种很快的速度向前发展sth is advancing by leaps and bounds产生深远的影响create/produce/generate/breed/spawn(vts)/result in/lead to/ profound(adj)/far-reaching(adj)/prevasive(adj)influence/impact/bearing/implications/repercussions(n)Media1侵犯隐私violate/intrude on/infringe on someones privacy破坏某人的名誉tarnish/sully/smear/besmirch(vts) ones reputation狗仔队paparazzi(复数名词不再加s)新闻界the press印刷媒体（如报纸杂志）the print media报道新闻的机构news outlets电子媒体the electronic media名人a celebrity/celebrities(plu)时事current affairs丑闻scandals无处不在prevalent/ubiquitous/pervasive(adj)2审查censor(vt)删除delete/elimminate/excise(vts)过多的暴力与色情内容excessive/gratuitous violent and pornographic(adjs) contents报道非常详尽的细节report sth. In graphic detail媒体炒作（n）media hype有误导性的misleading/misreprsented/distorted(adjs)诈骗性的fraudulent(adj)虚假的false/bogus(adjs)夸大事实exaggerate(vt) things/sensationalise(vt) things/blow things out of all proportions(最后一个比较口语用作文也可以)充斥着be awash with/be inundated with/be saturated with sth.掩盖（丑闻或罪行等）cover up/gloss over/whitewash不客观的，不公正的biased/skewed/unobjective(adjs)3如实的报道factual accounts(n)可信的reliable/trustworthy/dependable客观公正的objective and balanced(adjs)及时的up-to-the-minute(adj)/up-to-date(adj)前者比后者更加及时信息量大的informative娱乐性强的entertaining(adj)有新闻价值的newsworthy(adj)监督scrutiny(n)/scrutinize(vt)/monitor(vt)揭露expose/reveal(vts)道德准则（n）code of ethics/code of conductGovernment1当局authorities(n)老百姓citizens/the citizenry规范，管理regulate/administer/overse(vts)实施implement(vt)立法legislate(vi)/make laws民主与开放的政府a democratic and progressive government严禁(v)strictly prohibit/ban altogether严格的法律stringent laws/legislation规章制度rules and regulations2为。拨款allocate monety to sth./subsidise(vt)/be a patron of/invest in/finance(vt)/fund(vt)/dedicate money to sth.预算budget税收tax revenue(n)政府在某方面的开支（n）他和government spending/expenditure on sth.削减（v）curtail(vt)增加augment(vt)当务之急（n）priority把。当成当务之急give priority to sth.责任（n）responsibility/obligation人道主义救援humanitrian(adj) aid (n)管理administer/regulate2军备竞赛arms race(n)自卫self-defence(BrE,n)国土安全expansion/aggression(n)谋求霸权seek/pursue(vts) hegemony(n)恶性循环a vicious circle(n)地区不稳定因素destablising factors太空竞赛space race(n)武器weapons/arms/armaments(n)下岗工人laid-off workers/downsized workers失业（n）unemployment/joblessness3基础设施infrastructure比如公共交通系统public transport system(BrE)电网power grid石油和天然气管道pinelines给排水系统water supply and drainage systemLanguage & Culture1一种可以通用的语言a lingua franca/a universal language/a global language英语被广泛使用the proliferation(n) of English英语的统治地位the dominant role/the ascendancy/the hegemony of English方言dialect(n)/vernacular/the indigenous language小语种将会消亡lesser-known language wll become extinct/obsolete(adjs)小语种的消亡（n）the extinct/demise of lesser-known languages2文化遗产包括有形和无形的两种有形的如历史遗址，无形的如风俗习惯仪式传统道德观念等cultural hertiage can be divided into two groups:tangible culturalhertiage,such as historic sites and intangible cultural hertiage,such ascustoms,rites,rituals and mores, etc.保护preserve (vt)祖先forefathers/ancestors后代descendants/posterity后面一个是不可数名词3少数民族ethnic minorities民族团结the harmony(n) between ethnic groups/races文化融合cultural integration and synthesis(n)互相影响interaction文化多元性cultural diversity丰富（v）enrich(vt)狭隘的观念insular/provincial/parochial(adjs)/parochial(adjs) mentality贬低（v）deprecate/denigrate/minimize(vts) the importance of /disparage/trivialize/discredit(vts)。不是一成不变的sth. is not set/carved in stoneDevelopment1生活节奏加速the tempo/pace of life has accelerated疲劳fatigue(n)抑郁症depression失眠sleeplessness/sleep-deprivation/insomnia(n)导致人与人之间疏远create（vt）alienation(n) between people过于功利的materialistic/mercenary/money-worshipping(adjs)追求最大限度利润pursue(vt) maximum profit交通堵塞traffic jams/traffic congestions/gridlock最后一个是不可数名词阻碍(v)impede/hinder/hamper/obstruct/inhibit(vts)让人担心的worrying/worrisome/disturbing/disquieting/disconcerting(adjs)危害，破坏（v）undermine/spoil/do a disservice to sth/ruin/imperil/endanger/jeopardise(BrE)都是vts危害，破坏（n）harm/damage/destruction/devastation恶化（v）worsen(vi,vt)/deteriorate(vi)导致某种问题更加恶化amplify(vt)/magnify(vt)/ecacerbate(vt)/aggravate(vt) a problem缓解ease/alleviate/mitigate(vts)2有特殊审美价值的老房子old building of special aesthetic value（注意审美观的说法是aesthetic values复数）有特殊历史意义的老房子building of historic significance居民vernaculardwellings让城市更美观beautify(vt) the cities/better(vt) the cityscape破旧的（房子）decrepit/rundown/rickety/dilapidated(adjs)拆除tear down a building/demolish a building/raze a building/knock down a building高楼high-risebuildings摩天楼skyscrapers城市化unbanisation(n)城乡差距the disparity(n)between the city and the countryside城市的urban乡村的rural搬迁relocate(vi,vt)3在家上班（v）telecommute(vi)休闲leisure/recreation(n0精神上的享受（n）amusement and enjoyment(n)娱乐entertainment/diversion宽松的管理(n)laissez-fairemanagement(n)运营成本（n）operating costs/overhead cost雇用（v）recruit(vt)会导致效率降低的（adj）counterproductive劳动力资源labour(BrE) pool4人口爆炸population explosion(n)/population boom控制人口birth control/family planning贫穷的needy/poverty-stricken/impoverished/deprived/destitude/indigent富裕的affluent/wealthy/well-off爱慕虚荣的pretentious/ostentatious(adjs)缺少运动的生活方式sedentary(adj) lifestyle营养过剩overnourishment(n)扶贫poverty alleviation(n)Globalistaion（国家或者地区的）文化特性(national or regional) cultural identity全球文化同一化过程(n,即地区文化特征消失)global cultural homogenization(n)文化同一性（或叫文化均质性）cultural homogeneity/cultural uniformity全球化是一把双刃剑Globalisation is a two-edged sword地球村the global village席卷一切的潮流sweeping trends有机结合东西方文化synthesize the Asian and Western culture侵蚀erode(v)普遍的universal(adj)Women & Families1两性平等gender equality性别歧视sexism/gender discrimination一个开明的社会a progressive/enlightened society2被家务事拖累be tied down by household chores生育孩子child bearing(n)抚养孩子child rearing(n)母性的本能maternal instinct家务housework/household chores抚养子女的方式parenting代沟generation gap/disparity性格冲突personality clashes3老年人elderly people/senior citizens青少年adolescents/youngsters家庭成员间的情感纽带family bonds/family ties归属感a sense of belonging对。依恋（n）an attachment to sth/an affinity for sth贫穷的家庭deprived family富裕的家庭affluent families家庭的培养upbringing4虐待mistreat/abuse(vts)家庭暴力domestic violence毒品上瘾(n)addiction to drugs/ be addicted(adjs) to drugs单亲家庭single-parent households濒于破裂或已经破裂的家庭broken families/dysfunctional households挽救salvage(vt)Tourism1旅游景点tourist attractions/tourist spots/places of interest开阔眼界push back/expand ones vision/horizons游客与当地人的互动tourists can interact with the locals促进文化交流promote cultural communication吸引draw/attract/appeal to (vts)/be a magnet for somebody亲身体验(n)first-hand experience多种感官体验的（如听觉，触觉等）multi-sensory(adj)相互了解mutual understanding2把游客和当地人隔离seclude/isolate(vts) the tourist from the locals商业化commercialise/commodity(vts)欺骗游客的手段tourist traps冲突conflict(n,vi+with)争端(n)discord/dissension间接体验（如通过电视或互联网n）srcond-hand experience/vicarience experience文化遗产cultural heritage互联网不会让旅游业过时the Internet will not render tourism obsoleteEnvironment1生态系统ecosystem/ecological system某一地区所有植物的总称the flora(n)某一地区所有动物的总称the fauna(n)某一地区所有生物的总称the wildlife in a region/the biota(flora+fauna) of a region生物多样性biodiversity(n)生态平衡ecological balance/ecological equilibrium(n)2可持续发展sustainable development环保主义者environmentalist/conservationists对环境无害的environmentally-frendly(adj)节约使用conserve(vt)保护preserve再利用reuse/recycle3肥沃的土壤fertile soil贫瘠的土壤infertile soil耕地（n）arable land/farmland增加农产品产量boost crop yield开采自然资源exploit natural resources4短缺（n）shortage/scarcity/dearth/lack5消耗（某种资源）consume/deplete(vts)用尽（某种资源）use up/exhaust(vts)给资源造成很大压力put a strain on the already stretched resources破坏自然资源wreak(vt) havoc(n) on natural resources臭氧层ozone layer砍伐森林deforestation(n)污染pollute/contaminate(vts)有毒的poisonous/toxic(adjs)污水effluent/sewage排放discharge温室效应greenhouse effect/global warming严重的severe/grave/grievous(adjs)白色污染产生的垃圾non-biodegradable garbage/wastes that cannot decompose or breakdown/inorganic trash恶化deteriorate/aggravate前者为自身恶化，后者为被恶化6可再生资源renewable resources不可再生资源non-renewable resources(包括金属metals,矿产minerals,石油petroleum,天然气natural gas,煤coal,等后三种可总称为fossil fuels)7各国必须携手解决环境问题countries on this planet must join forces/makes a concerted effort/unite(vi) to combat/tackle/resolve/address(vts) environmental problems谴责而不是纵容condermn rather than condone(vts) sth严厉的措施harsh action/measures增强公众关于。的意识raise/elevate the public awareness of sthCrime触犯法律break/violate/flout/disobey the law犯罪commit a crime罪行offences(BrE)/cri