系动词讲解.doc

系动词讲解“感官”动词用法：感官动词(及物)有： see/notice/look_at/watch/notice/observe/listen_to/hear/feel(Vt)/taste(Vt)/smell(Vt) B)连缀动词(含感官不及物) be/get/become/feel/look/sound/smell/taste/keep/stay/seem/ appear/grow/turn/prove/remain/go/run 一、see, hear, feel, watch, look,这五个动词均可作连系动词，后面接形容词作表语，说明主语所处的状态。其意思分别为看/听/闻/尝/摸起来。除look之外，其它几个动词的主语往往是物，而不是人。例如： These flowers smell very sweet.这些花闻起来很香。 二、这些动词后面也可接介词like短语，like后面常用名词。例如： Her idea sounds like fun.她的主意听起来很有趣。 三、这五个感官动词也可作实义动词,除look(当看起来讲时)只能作不及物动词外,其余四个既可作及物动词也可作不及物动词,其主语通常是人。例如: She smelt the meat.她闻了闻那块肉。 I felt in my pocket for cigarettes.我用手在口袋里摸香烟。 四、taste, smell作不及物动词时,可用于taste / smell + of +名词结构,意为有味道/气味。例如: The air in the room smells of earth.房间里的空气有股泥土味。另外，系动词又称连系动词，不单独作谓语，必须与表语连用构成系表结构。系表结构可表述主语的状况，而我们对主语情况的了解和描述角度各不相同，因此对主语的表述就因说话人的角度不同，而使用不同的系动词。现就初中课本中的系动词小结如下： 1、以肯定的语气叙述主语状态时，要用系动词be，后接n（名词）,adj（形容词）,p.p（分词）,inf（不定式）， adv（副词） ,prep. Phr.（介词短语）作表语。 如：（1）He is honest. 2、表示说话人所感知的主语的特征或状态时，系动词用look, feel, sound, taste, smell等，后常接n（名词）,inf（不定式）,p.p（分词）,adj（形容词）等作表语。 如：（1）Her voice sounds sweet. 3、表示主语状态变化时，系动词用become ,get, grow, come , turn (若跟名词不加冠词) ，fall (asleep, ill, silent)等，后面大多数接形容词作表语。但become, turn亦可接名词作表语。 如：（1） He turns doctor. 4、表示主语的持续时，系动词用remain, stay , keep, continue等。 如：(1) The door keeps open. (2) The problem remains unsolved.5、从印象的角度说明主语所处的状态和特征时，系动词用appear to be (常用于书面)，seem (to be)。如：（1）You dont seem to be quite yourself today. (2) You seem right.(3) It seems as if its going to snow.系动词的使用应注意如下：1、 其后要求接形容词，而不是副词作表语。要特别注意的是有些动词既可以作系动词，又可作实意动词的用法。遇到这种情况时，只能先根据其意思判断清楚到底是前者还是后者，然后再对后面的词性和词义作出判断和选择。以taste一词为例：The soft drinking tastes quite sour.(注意：在这里，taste作系动词，不能使用进行时，后面接形容词。)The chef is tasting the fish carefully.(注意：在这里，taste作实意动词，使用进行时，并且后面接副词做状语。)2、 这类词不用进行时。3、系动词无被动式。Exercises:用适当的系动词填空：1 She _ engineer last year.A. became B. is becoming C. is D. turned2 It _ colder and colder in winter.A. becomes B. get C. becoming D. is coming3 Dont eat the food. It _ bad.A. go B. was getting C. goes D. smell4 That music _ beautiful.A. is sounding B. sounds C. is sounded D.sound5 His wish to enter a key school has _ true.6. The boy _ ill today.A. areB. isC. beD. am7. Which _ bigger, the sun or the moon?A. areB. isC. beD. 8. Neither she nor I _ a doctor.A. am notB. amC. areD. is9. I _ a worker next year.A. amB. will beC. beD. will10. Her voice _ like my mothers.A. soundsB. soundC. looksD. look11. It often rains and the crops _ fast.A. getB. turnC. growD. become12. A: How are you _ now?B: Much better, thank you.A. gettingB. feelingC. makingD. turning13. The teachers smile made me _ better.A. feelB. to feelC. feelingD. felt14. My English teacher _.A. all look youngB. looks youngC. look youngD. all looks young15. I _ busy now, but I _ free next week.A. am, amB. am, willC. am, will beD. being, will be16. I _ at this school for about two months.A. amB. will beC. have beenD. was17. My brother _ in the League for about five years.A. have beenB. has beenC. wasD. is18. Come to my office if you _ free tomorrow.A. areB. will beC. wasD. is19. If water _ heated, it will be _ into vapour （蒸气）.A. was, turnedB. is, turnedC. is. getD. was, got20. If you dont take back what you just said, Mother _ angry.A. isB. will beC. getD. feels21. Neither of us _ a doctor.A. amB. areC. isD. were22. He _ a famous writer.A. turnsB. becomeC. has becomeD. has turned23. The girls face _ red.A. turnedB. gotC. feelD. look24. He _ very glad.A. lookedB. turnedC. feelD. looks25. The flowers _ fragrant （芳香）.A. getB. smellsC. smellD. feels26. The table _ very smooth.A. lookB. turnC. feelsD. smell27. Jack _ younger than Tom.A. lookB. feelC. feelsD. looks28. She looks _.A. happyB. to be happyC. happilyD. that she is happy（二）用smell，taste，go，get，become，grow，seem，look，feel，turn的适当形式填空：（10分，10分钟）1. You _ _ _ very young.2. At first those questions_ _ _easy, but later I found them difficult.3. After the sports meeting, he _ _ _very tired.4. My younger brother _ _ _a student last year.5. When we_ _ _ up, were going to help build up our country.6. The flowers _ _ _very sweet.7. Her face _ _ _red.8. Jack _ _ _very happy.9. The mooncake _ _ _good.10. The meat_ _ _bad.（三）把下列各句译成英语：（20分，20分钟）1. 以她的年龄而言，她看起来很年轻。 2. 天色渐黑，咱们回家吧。 3. 他好象匆忙的样子。 4. 为什么他感