非谓语动词改.ppt

非谓语动词讲解 NonpredicateVerbs No 8MiddleSchoolZhangYu 动词不定式 TheInfinitive 一 动词不定式的基本构成 由不定式符号to加动词原形构成 肯定式 否定式 被动式 完成式 todo nottodo tobedone tohavedone 动词不定式 Toseeistobelieve Iwanttoseeyouthisevening Allyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly Wefoundahousetolivein ShecameheretostudyEnglish Itoldthehernottodrinkcoldwater 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 宾补 1 作主语 Togetthereintimeisnecessary 句型1 It v todo Ittakesusanhour gettherebybus Itisnecessarytogetthereintime 句型2 Itis adj for of sb todosth Itiseasyformetofinishthisworkbeforenine Itisverykindofyoutogivemesomehelp Youareverykindtogivemesomehelp 是形容事物的性质的 是形容人的品质的 选出下面习题正确答案 1 It simportant andhelpful A tokindB bekindC kindD tobekind2 IttookAliceandmeanhour outtheproblem A toworkB workingC workD forworking 3 It sverynice youto meaboutit A for tellB of sayC to speakD of tell 2 作宾语 Hedecided go abroad 1 接不定式作宾语的动词 2 疑问词 不定式作宾语 Idon tknowwheretogo Idon tknowwhereIshouldgo 3 it作形式宾语 S find think feel make it adj n todosth 1 Ifind better startearly 2 Wethink important obeythelaw 常见的词有seem decide agree wish hope choose need refuse plan fail can twait offer afford expect pretend等 3 作宾语补足语 宾语与宾补之间的关系是逻辑上的主谓关系 1 Mothertoldme come backbefore9 2 I llorderhim notfight again 3 Heaskedme do theworkwithhim feelhearlistentoseewatchlookatnotice sb dodoing makelethave Sb be feltheardlistenedtoseenwatchedlookedatnoticed todo madelet 注意 主动省to 被动加to Ioftenheardthem apopsong sing Hemademe thequestion answer Heisoftenheard thesong sing Hewasseen theroom enter sing answer tosing toenter 4 做表语 主语 系动词 不定式 1 其主语多为抽象名词 wish need Mywishistobeascientist 2 betodo可构成将来时态 表 准备 打算 计划 Sheistoreturnnextweek 她打算下周回来 我的愿望是当科学家 Heislookingforaroomtolivein Doyouhaveanythingtowashtoday Sheisthelasttoleavetheroom 5 作定语 1 目的状语 可放于句首 也可放于句末 Hewenttoseehisuncleyesterday 2 结果状语 主要用在enoughto too to 结构中 Thequestionistoodifficulttoanswer 6 作状语 他昨天去看望了他的叔叔 Heisoldenoughtogotoschool 这个问题太难回答了 他上学足够大了 动名词 gerund 一 动名词的基本构成 2 动名词可带有自己的宾语和状语 二 动名词的性质 动名词既具有动词的特点又具有名词的特点 1 动名词可以被定冠词和物主代词修饰 Ihopeyoudon tmind I sayingit Shewenttoschoolwithout 没吃早餐 动名词作主语用it作形式主语 有自己特定的句型 常与nouse nogood useless worthwhile连用 吸烟太多无益学好英语是值得做的 It sworthwhilelearningEnglishwell It snogoodsmokingtoomuch a It snouse sit herewaiting b Itisgreatfun play golf 三 动名词的功用 1 可作主语 阅读报纸 canincreaseourknowledge 2 可作宾语 S vt doing Haveyoufinished read thebook Isuggest do itinadifferentway 在某些动词后要求用动名词作宾语 不能用不定式 常见的这类动词有 避免错过avoidmiss建议完成 多 练习suggest advisefinishpractice喜欢想象禁不住冒险enjoy imagine can thelp risk忍受保持 不 在意standkeep keeponmind S likelovehatepreferbeginstart tododoing S rememberforgetstopmeantry tododoing Boys don tforget thewindowsbeforeyouleavetheclassroom A closingB closedC toclosingD toclose2 Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped onabigrock A tohaverestedB restingC torestD rest3 Remember thelightswhenyouleavetheoffice A toturnoffB turningoffC turnoffD toturningoff 选出下面习题正确答案 主动表被动 want 需要 need 需要 require 需要 Sth doingbeworth 值得 使用动名词作宾语时 用主动形式表达被动含义 tobedone 使用不定式作宾语时 依然用被动形式表达被动含义 Theroomwants clean Themethodneeds improve Theshoesrequire mend prefer to lookforwardtobeusedtoputoffgiveupS keepon doingsucceedincan thelpfeellikebebusybeworthhavedifficulty trouble problems in 作介词 短语动词的宾语 S v prep doing e g Shesattherewithout speak Ilookforwardto see himagain Areyouusedto live therealone Whenmyfatherheardthenews hecouldn thelp laugh Idon tfeellike go toseethefilm 分词 Participles 一 分词的概述 1 种类 现在分词 PresentParticiple 过去分词 PastParticiple 2 基本形式 现在分词 doing过去分词 规则动词V ed不规则动词 3 分词在句中起形容词和副词的作用 在句中作表语 定语 状语和宾语补足语 Americaisa发达的country 二 分词的作用 1 作定语 Theman坐在我后面的ismybrother 现在分词作定语表示主动和进行 过去分词作定语表示被动和完成 Thebooks write byLuxunaresoldout developing sittingbehindme written developed 2 作表语 现在分词作表语表示主语本身具有的特征 如exciting relaxing amazing facinating disappointing等 过去分词作表语表示主语对某事物产生某种感觉 如excited relaxed amazed facinated disappointed等 Theyare inEnglish interest Weare atthenews surprise Thestoryis interest Thenewsis surprise interesting interested surprising surprised 3 作宾语补足语 常接分词作宾补的动词有see watch hear keep find have get make等词 Ihearthem intheroomnow sing Iwanttohavemyhair cut Sheexplaineditagaintomakeherself understand Hefoundtheboy sleep singing sleeping cut understood 4 作状语 现在分词表主动进行 过去分词表被动完成 1 Seeing seen fromthetopofthetower wecanseeabeautifulfactory Seeing seen fromthetopofthetower thefactorylooksbeautiful 2 Hearing heard thebadnews theycouldn thelpcrying 3 Giving Given moretime wecoulddoitbetter 解题方法解答考查非谓语动词的题目时 一定要保持头脑冷静 要遵循以下解题思路 解析句子结构 确定设空在句子中充当的功能 如状语 定语或宾补 找准相关动词的逻辑主语 确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系 主动还是被动 搜索句子中相关的时间信息 确定非谓语动词的恰当形式 将该选项置入空中 看是否能够做到字从意顺 或是否能传达有效信息 完成交际任务 链接中考 1 2011 黄石 Wouldyoulike orshallwegobybus Iprefer butwehavetotakeataxi fortimeisshort A walking towalkB towalk walkingC walk towalkD walk walk2 2011株洲 Tonywants ajobasateacherinChina A tofindB findingC findD found3 2011 扬州 Wecanmakeafire theroomwarmsothatwecanchatforawhile A tokeepB keepingC keepD kept4 2011 盐城 Planyourtimecarefullyandmakesureyouhavesometime whatyoulikeeveryday A doB todoC doingD done5 2011 临沂 Ifpricesrisestoohigh thegovernmenthastodosomething itA stopB stoppedC stoppingD tostop 6 2011 威海 Whattimedoyouexpecther A arriveB isarrivingC arrivingD toarrive7 2011 河北 Wheneveryouhaveachance English youshouldtakeit A speakB tospeakC spokeD speaks8 2011 江西 Howkindyouare Youalwaysdowhatyoucan me A helpB helpingC tohelpD helps9 2011 山西 Driversshouldn tbeallowed afterdrinking ortheywillbreakthelaw A driveB drivingC todriveD drove10 2011 杭州 Nick wouldyoumind thoseoldjeans Theylookterrible A nottowearB notwearC wearingnotD notwearing 11 2010 福州 Ourteachertoldus anelectricbike It stoodangerous A torideB notrideC nottorideD don tride12 2010 芜湖 Areyougoingtotheparty atSmith shom