限定动词(上课).doc

限定动词(谓语动词)和非限定动词(非谓语动词)类 别形 式意义特 征例 句限定谓动语词动词 am/ wasis/ wasare/ werework, works/ worked/worked/ workingdo, does/ did/done/doing在句中作谓语作谓语时,必须和主语在人称和数上一致,并有时态、语态、语气等形式变化I am a student.He is a worker, and he works in Beijing.We have been here in the city of Conghua for two years.He has been working there for ten years.The Chinese people love their country.The machine is run by electricity.If I were you, I would major in Medicine.非限定动词非谓语动词不定式时态形式p.219 19.1 p.220 19.1 p.22519.2 to write不能单独在句中作谓语没有人称、数的形式变化，也没有语气的变化；但它们保留动词的一些特性，有一般时、进行时、完成时、完成进行时,以及主动语态和被动语态的区别, 可带宾语、状语；此外，它们还具有名词、形容词和副词的性质，可用作相应句子成分p.23020.1主 语p.231 To answer the question is difficult.It is difficult to answer the question.to bewriting表 语(主 补)Her job is to teach English at Sun Yat-sen University.to have written宾 语p.23720.3 The volunteers want to serve the people.He pretended to be reading there.She dislikes to be flattered.to have been writing定 语p.23420.2 She is always the first one/person to come and the last to leave.语态形式p.234 to bewritten状语目的They went to attend the meeting.To complete the task, we worked day and night.to have been written结果I went there to find him gone.He is too short to play basketball.原因P.23020.1I am glad to see you.He is sorry to have missed the film.Id be afraid for her to go swimming alone.方面p.231The river is dangerous to bathe in.He was hesitant to take action.补足语宾补20.3Chairman Mao called on us to learn from Comrade Lei Feng.We considered him to be a good officer.主补p.232He was seen to enter the library.These books are easy to sell.-ING分词（现在分词、动名词）-ED分词（过去分词）非限定动词(非谓语动词)类 别形 式意义特 征例 句限定动词在句中作谓语非限定动词非谓语动词-ING分词现在分词/动名词主动态被动态不能单独在句中作谓语没有人称、数的形式变化，也没有语气的变化；但它们保留动词的一些特性，有一般时、完成时, 以及主动语态和被动语态的区别,可带宾语、状语；此外，它们还具有名词、形容词和副词的性质，可用作相应句子成分p.24121.121.2主 语Reading aloud is important in learn- ing a language.Its nice working with you.表 语(主 补)My job is teaching English, but today my task is to organize a party.宾语直宾p.24121.1 21.2 He acknowledged being ignorant of the facts.We appreciate your inviting us to your party.一般式writingbeingwritten介宾p.24221.1A car park is a place for parking cars.He tricked her into marrying him by pretending that he was rich.完成式havingwrittenhavingbeen written补语宾补(含动名词和现在分词)She insists on us staying for lunch.I didnt notice the hammer being taken away. -I saw him reading in the library.主补(现在分词)From the window the ships could be seen sailing in and out of the harbour.定语(含动名词和现在分词)There are two swimming pools onthe campus.-The working class is the leading class.The problem being discussed by all the students is important.状语时间Arriving at the bookstore, I found the door closed.原因Having been used for years, the TV set needs repairing.条件Weather permitting, well hold the party in the open air.结果He died in an accident, leaving his wife with three children.让步Weighing over two thousand tons, the machine is operated by one worker only.方式/伴随They came out of the room, talkingand laughing.He stood there, watching thefootball game.-ED分词非限定动词(非谓语动词)类 别形 式意义特 征例 句限定动词非限定动词非谓语动词-ING分词主动态被动态不能单独在句中作谓语有时态、语态,可带宾语、状语；有名词、形容词和副词的性质可用作相应句子成分:主语、表语/主补、宾语（直宾、介宾）、补语（宾补、主补）、定语、状语（表示：时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式/伴随)一般式writingbeingwritten完成式havingwrittenhavingbeen written-ED分词一般式/written没有人称、数的形式变化，只有一般式这一种形式；但它们保留动词的一些特性，词本身具有被动的含义，可以带状语表示方式或行为的执行者；此外，它们还具有形容词和副词的性质，可用作相应句子成分定语p.25122.1 Many words that may be used in the written language are not suitable for use in the spoken language.Her father is a retired General.The work done is quite satisfactory.The student returned from the U.S. is hard-working.完成式/补语表语/主补p.25222.2 The work is done.The door remains locked.On heraing the good news, they couldnt help feeling excited.宾补p.25222.2 I found him disappointed.I saw the students assembled inthe hall.状语时间(When) heated, water changes into steam.Once used, the method will prove efficient.原因Written in simple English, the book is easy to read.Influenced by his ideas, she joined the revolution tool条件Given enough time, I can finish it.United, we stand;