连系动词的用法.doc

Module 7 Unit 2 Grammar-Linking Verbs Step 1. 什么是系动词？观察下列句子，判断划线部分是否是系动词。. The new medicine is effective . / Tom is in the office now. ( ) Gradually he became silent. ( ) The dish smells good. ( ) She said she could smell gas when he entered the rom. ( ) Taste it and see if you think here are enough salt in it . ( ) Although the meal was cold, it tasted delicious. ( ) 归纳：连系动词（即系动词）是实义动词的一种，本身有词义，但不能单独作谓语，后面必须跟表语，构成系表结构，说明主语的_, _或_。 表语可以由_,_,_, _,等来充当。 Step2 连系动词分类1. “状态”类：常见的有：be (是)，keep (保持)，stay (保持)，remain (依然)，seem (似乎是)，appear (似乎，显得)，look( 看起来)，lie （位于），stand (处于某种状况)，prove (证明是)，这类词表示具有或保持某种特征或状态。 He is director of our department他是我们部门的主任。 The meat will _ fresh for several days肉会保鲜好几天的。The store_ closedWhats the matter? 已经是上午十点了，商店仍然关着门，是怎么回事?The chairwoman _ very surprised about the question I asked女主席似乎对我提出的问题感到吃惊。 The sky _ blue on the earth从地球上看天空似乎是蓝色的。As time went on，his theory _ (to be) true随着时间的推移，他的理论证明是正确的。keep, remain, stay用法区别 keep “保持状态”，后接adj.或介词短语。其后常见：alive, awake, cheerful, silent, fit, clean, happy等。In order to _ _, all students go in for sports. 为了保持健康，所有学生都参加体育运动。Wed better _ _ _. 我们最好保持联系。 remain “仍然存在状态”，后接adj.、过去分词、名词或介词短语，强调某种状态前后无变化。The door remained _.门仍然关着。Peter became a _ but John remained a fisherman.彼得当了法官，而约翰依旧是渔民。EX: 1) The theory that he had stuck to _ true. A. prove B. proved C. is proving D. to prove 2). The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating 2. “感官”类：主要指与五种感官有关的动词：look (看起来)，sound (听起来)，smell (闻起来)，taste (尝起来)，feel (摸起来感到)。The Sydney Opera House _ just like seashells。悉尼歌剧院看上去就像海贝。 The story _ true这个故事听起来像真实的。The meat you bought last week _ terribleIt has gone bad你上周买的肉难闻极了，它已经臭了。 Those oranges on sale _ good卖的那些橘子尝起来很好吃。Silk _ soft丝绸摸上去很柔软。 3. “变化”类：常见的有三组 aturn (变成)，grow (变得)，get (变成)，become (变成)，make (变成) bcome (变得)，go (变得), cfall (进入某状态)become, come, go, get, grow, turn的用法与区别1. become 和get主要指一个人暂时性的身心变化或永久性的自然变化。另外，become 和 get 还可用于指天气的变化和社会的趋势。如：become / get / _, famous, ill, old, well, deaf, strong生气，成名，得病，变老，痊愈，变聋，变强 get dressed 穿衣服 get changed 换衣服 Its becoming / getting cold (dark, cloudy, etc). 天渐冷了(黑了，多云了等)。Divorce is becoming / getting more common. 离婚现象越来越常见了。2. go 和come表示变化时，前者主要指一种由强到弱或由好到坏的变化，后者则主要指向好的方面变化。go bald / deaf / crazy / blind /hungry /wrong 发秃 / 变聋 / 发疯 / 变瞎/ 挨饿 /出错The meats gone_. 肉变坏了。The radios gone wrong. 收音机出毛病了。Her wish came _. 她的愿望实现了。Everything came right. 一切顺利。3. go和turn还可用于人或事物颜色的变化。She went / turned blue with cold. 她冻得脸色发青了。The rotten meat went / turned _. 这块腐烂的肉变绿了。4. grow:“渐渐变得起来，长得”。 主要表示逐渐变化，强调变化的过程：It began to grow _. 天色渐渐黑了。The sea is growing calm. 大海变得平静起来。The pollution problem is growing _. 污染问题日见严峻。5. turn指改变特性、本质、状态等。还指到达或超过某一年龄或时间。 The milk turned sour牛奶变酸了。So next year you will turn 16.6. become与turn都可以接名词，become后的名词前有冠词，turn后的名词无冠词且常用单数。He turned _ after he graduated from a medical college.他从医学院毕业后当了作家。She became a_. 她成了一名律师。.7. fall“进入（某种状态），成为”，后常接以下形容词：asleep, silent, ill, sickfall ill 生病 fall apart 散开 fall silent 沉默The old men, unable to express himself, fell silent. 那位老人说不清自己的意思，就不做声了。My father _ _and died. 我的父亲生病死了。 固定搭配：(请填入适当的系动词) _silent 保持安静 _still 站着不动 _mad 发疯 _hungry 挨饿 _asleep 入睡 _awake 醒着，睡不着 _ill 生病 _true 实现，变成现实Ex : Happy birthday, Alice! So you have _ twenty-one already.A. become B. turned C. grown D. passed三. 使用连系动词注意事项1. 所有连系动词几乎都不用于被动语态中，也很少用于进行时态中。 一Do you like the material? 你喜欢这块布料吗?、 Yes, it feels soft是的，它摸上去很柔软。He is feeling even worse today他今天感觉更糟了。1) _ delicious, the food was soon sold out. A. Tasted B. Being tasted C. Tasting D. To taste2. 能否与时间段连用的问题 判断：在下列正确的句子后画“” ，错误的句子后画“” 。 He has become a teacher for 2 years. （ ） He has been a teacher for 2 years. （ ） He has turned writer since 3 years ago. （ ） He has been a write since 3 years ago. （ ） It is two years since he turned writer. （ ）3. 连系动词也可跟不定式to doto be。常见的有remain，seem，appear，prove等。 Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains to be seen whether they will enjoy it去国外旅游对这对老夫妇来说当然好，但是还是得看他们是否喜欢。On the long journey，Peter proved （to be ）a most interesting guide, we all had a wonderful time在这次长途旅行中，彼得证明是一个非常有趣的导游。我们都玩得很尽兴。Multiple choice:1. What you have said_. Ais sounded interesting Bsounds interesting Csound interested Dlistens interested 2. Happy birthday, Alice! So you have _ twenty-one already. A. become B. turned C. grown D. passed3. He turned _ ten years ago but later he became _. A. a teacher; a doctor B. teacher; doctor C. teacher; a doctor D. a teacher; doctor4. The dog _lost yesterday. A. got B. became C. turned D. fall5. The old man must have _ mad. A. gone B. turned C. fallen D. driven6. How _the song she sings sounds! I have never _a better voice. Abeautifully, sounded Bbeautiful, sounded Csweet, listened to Dsweet, heard 7. Do you like the material? Yes, it _ very soft. A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt8. I am afraid the weather will _ hot for a few days. A. last B. be lasted C. stay D. be stayed9. Although he has taken a lot of medicine, his health _ poor. A. proves B. remains C. maintains D. continues10. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay11. The cloth that _ smooth and soft _. A. feels; sells well B. feels; is well sold C. is felt; sells well D. is felt; sells good12. This math problem is _ and I can do it _.A.easy, easilyB.easily, easilyC.easy, easyD.easily, easy13. The children all looked _ at the broken model plane and felt quite _.A.sad, sad B.sadly, sadlyC