AMaterialWorld知识讲解

A Material World知识讲解【课文原句】A lot of people are determined to become a millionaire .(p8)【点拨】be determined to do 在这里的意思是“决心做某事；坚决做某事”，再例如：He was determined to win the game. 他决心要赢得那场比赛。Determined to become a pianist, the girl spends as much time as she could practicing playing the piano. 决心成为一名钢琴家，那个姑娘尽可能多地花时间练习弹钢琴。We are determined to get the work done ahead of schedule. 我们决定要提前完成这项工作。【拓展】determine v. “决定；判断；使下决心确定”。例如：We have determined to get the work done ahead of schedule.我们已经决定要提前完成这项工作。My mums encouragement determined me to go on with my study.我母亲的鼓励使我决心继续学业。【比较】decide/ determine decide 指“经过询问、研讨和考虑之后, 在几种可能的选择之中作出决定”； determine指“决心做某一件事而不动摇”， 例如：She has decided to give a dinner party, but has not yet determined the guests to be invited.她决定举行一次宴会，但尚未确定应邀请哪些客人。She decided to leave here on Sunday instead of Monday.她决定星期日而不是星期一离开这里。【小试】单项填空。Its difficult to _ the meaning of a word without a context(上下文). A. know B. guess C. determine D. make Key : C【课文原句】Some millionaires continued to be concerned about money when they become millionaires.(p8)【点拨】be concerned about在此处的意思为“对关心”。再例如：We all are concerned about fathers health.我们都很担心父亲的健康。Your sister is concerned about your safety.你姐姐非常关心你的安全。He was very concerned about his wife.他对他的妻子非常关心。【拓展】1）concern vt 意思为“涉及；关系到；使担心；使忧虑”，例如：The World Cup to be held in Russia concerns all the fans throughout the world. 将在俄罗斯举行的2014世界杯足球赛引起到全世界所有的球迷们的关心。 It is reported that the pop singer is concerned with selling drug. 据报道，那个流行歌手涉嫌贩毒。 He asked all concerned to take an active part in helping the girl. 他要求所有相关的人积极帮助那个女孩。 This concerns the healthy growth of the children deeply.这事对孩子们的健康成长关系极大。2）n. “关心；担心；担忧”，例如：His mothers concern was how to make him study even harder.他母亲想的是如何使他学习更刻苦。Some people dont show much concern for our environment. 有些人不太关心我们的环境。 【搭配】concern oneself with / in / about sth. 忙于某事；关心某事 so / as far as. be concerned就来说 / 而论be concerned with / in. 与有关 where.be concerned 在牵扯到的时候 / 情况下 be concerned with与有关的【小试】单项填空。1. The meeting was concerned the housing reform and everyone present was concerned _their own interests.A. with; about B. with; with C. for; about D. about; with Key : A 2. Blieve it or not , anything that _ Mr. Green interests me. A. concerns B. matters C. manages D. Involve Key: A 【课文原句】Then they are hardworking to make sure they never lost it !(p8)【点拨】make sure 在此处的意思为“确定，确信”，再例如：She made sure that she turned off the light. 她确定她已关灯了。You must make sure of the time and place. 你必须把时间和地点弄清楚。Make sure to lock the door before you go out. 出去之前一定要锁上门。I think I locked the door, but Ill just go back and make sure of it.我想我锁了门，但我还是得回去核实一下。【小试】单项填空。Our guide will do her best to _ you enjoy your travel. A. make like B. make up C. make sure D. make out Key : C【课文原句】He get his clothes and a lot of other things from charity shops. (p8)【点拨】clothes 在这里指的是指具体的“衣服”，永远是复数形式，但不可以与数词连用。例如：My wife has ironed my clothes and put them in the drawer. 我的妻子已把衣服熨好并放在抽屉里了。 Please send these clothes to the laundry, will you? 请把这些衣服送到洗衣店去，好吗？ We should not judge a man by the clothes he wears. 我们不应以衣取人。 【拓展】1）cloth 意思为“布料”，是不可数名词，但是如果作具体用途的一块布时，前面可加a ，如：a dishcloth “洗碗布”；a table cloth “台布”，例如：Please clean the table with a cloth. 请用一块抹布擦一下桌子。2）clothing 是服装的总称，是不可数名词，可以说an article of clothing “一件衣服”；mens clothing “男装”；winter clothing “冬装”。Coats，overcoats，shorts，trousers，shirts and socks are all called clothing 上衣、大衣、短裤、长裤、衬衫和短袜等等都是衣物。3) garment尤指外衣而言，是可数名词，是正式用语，特别是制衣业惯用词，如The mid-aged women owns a garment factory.这个中年妇女拥有一家服装店。【小试】单项填空。The worker likes to wear a suit of_,but he wears a new_today.A.clothes;garmentB.garment;clothesC.cloth;garmentD.clothes;clothing Key: A 【课文原句】 He made a choice to give all his money away. (p8) 【点拨】give away在这里的意思为“送掉；赠送”，另外它还有“流露；暴露；泄露 (秘密) ；分发”的意思，例如：I need to give away some of these old baby clothes.我需要把这些旧的婴儿衣服送出去一些。He gave away immense amounts of money to charity.他把大笔大笔的钱捐给了慈善机构。Katheryn studied the teachers face, but he gave away no clues as to the result.凯塞琳打量了一下老师的脸，但是看不出一丁点有关结果的情况。 I was afraid the kids would give away the whole thing away.我恐怕孩子会把整个事情说出去。The headmaster gave away our diplomas.校长给我们分发了毕业证。【拓展】give in屈服，投降，退让 (to) ；交呈上give off (散) 发出 (蒸汽) ，发散 (光线) give out用完，用尽；散分发；公布，发表；精疲力竭give over交给付，移交give up放弃，停中止，投降，认输，泄气give a talk on作关于 的报告give oneself to献身 give a dinner 设宴give news 发表；发出give back 归还；反还；give a birth to 生；产 give oneself up=自首；投降；投案give rise to引起；使发生；造成give way to给 让路/让步；被 代替等。【小试】单项填空。1. If a person has not had enough sleep, his actions will give him _ during the day. A. away B. up C. in D. back Key : A 2. Dont mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may _ the shocking ending. A. give away B. give out C. give up D. give off Key : A 3. After two days our food _，and we had to return to our camp.A. gave in B. gave away C. gave out D. gave up Key : C 【课文原句】“ A few years ago ,”says Charles , “ I was a millionaire , but was aware there were a lot of hungry people in the world .” (p8) 【点拨】aware adj. 在这里的意思是“知道的,察觉的”，多构成短语be aware of “意识；觉察；知道，清楚”，例如：We are well aware that this is a tough job.我们深知这是一件棘手的工作。Most smokers are perfectly aware of the dangers of smoking .大多数吸烟者完全知道吸烟者的危害。He wasnt aware of the danger.他没有察觉到危险。She was not aware of having done wrong.她没有意识到做错了事。I was not aware of her presence till she spoke to me.直到她对我讲话时，我才知道她在这里。【比较】aware /conscious 两个词用法基本相同。后面都可以接引of 起的短语或that 从句。aware一般指通过感官或别人提供的情况对外界事物有所了解；conscious一般指思想上意识到或感觉到。例如：I was not aware of her presence till she spoke to me.直到她对我讲话时，我才知道她在这里。He is conscious of his own mistakes.他知道自己的过错。Suddenly aware that her son had become ill with cancer, she was conscious of rapidly rising untold sufferings.突然得知儿子患了癌症，她感到一阵突如其来的不可名状的痛苦。【小试】单项填空。1. Thank you, but you don t have to remind us . We are fully_ of the danger of the situation.A. conscious B. confident C. aware D. certain Key : C 2. He is quite _ of the risk, but he has no choice but to go ahead.Aeager BawareCsensitive Dserious Key : B 【课文原句】Charles believes many people want to earn a lot of money so that they will have no worries . (p8) 【点拨】so +that clause (常包含will/ can/may/might/should等情态动词)，主要用来引导目的状语从句，其意思为“以便，使能够”，如：We are working hard so that we may pass our examination.为了能够通过考试，我们工作非常努力。He turned the radio up so that everyone might hear the important news. 为了每个人都会听到折光重要消息，他把收音机开高了声音。【拓展】1)so that 也可以引导结果