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高三英语讲学稿课型:复习课 Attributive Clause定语从句教案(一)主备课:王小梅 审核:张志英 时间:2009-12-16【学习目标】1、关系代词与关系副词的区别。2、when,where和why引导的定语从句3、whose + 名词引导的定语从句4、“介词+关系代词which/whom”引导的定语从句,关键要找准先行词或定语从句中的谓语动词的固定搭配。5、that, which引导定语从句的区别。【学习重点】The structure of the attributive clause(定语从句的结构)【学习难点】The use of the attributive clause.(定语从句的用法)【学习方法】Combine the instruction with exercises.一、自学预习【考纲要求】在考纲中,要求掌握以下定语从句的内容:1、引导限制性定语从句的关系词。2、引导非限制性定语从句的关系词。3,限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别。4、介词+关系代词的用法。5、不定代词/数词+ofwhich/whom引导的非限制性定语从句及其该结构与并列句的判断。【教法指引】定语从句是高中英语学习的重要语法项目之一,在高考各个题型中都有可能会涉及到。它的结构和用法比较复杂,是高中阶段英语学习的一个重点,也是高考英语常考的一个考点,是历年高考的热点,掌握定语从句对于语言理解和运用具有重要的意义。对定语从句的考查角度较多,分析近几年的高考试题发现:从从句类型上看,考查非限制定语从句,限制性定语从句,从关系词上看,which,where,when均有考查,从介词+关系代词方面,也有考查。只要弄清定语从句的有关概念就可以“以不变应万变”。因此复习备考中要注意:1了解有关定语从句的所有语法规则,弄清从句中关系代词和关系副词的区别。2分清及物动词和不及物动词,判断句子结构是否完整,注意句子中逗号的语法作用。3注意先行词的特殊性和关系代词的选择,依据先行词来选择“介词+关系代词”的结构。4. 加强有关定语从句的理解和练习。Translate the proverbs.(翻译以下谚语并找出定语从句) 1All that glitters is not gold.2He who plays with fire gets burnt. 3He laughs best who laughs last.4Alls well that ends well.5He is a wise man who speaks little. 二、师生探究:【知识网络】定语从句: 用来说明主句中某一名词或代词(有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分)而起定语作用的句子叫定语从句。(一)关系代词引导的定语从句1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词句子成分 用于限制从句或非限制性从句 只用于限制性从句代替人 代替物 代替人或物主语 Whowhich that主语 Whomwhich that宾语 Whose(=of whom)whose(=of which)The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.2.关系代词that 和which的用法区别(1)如果先行词是all,much,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代词,关系代词一般只用that,不用which.例如:All the people that are present burst into tears.(2)如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first,last,any,only,few,much,no,some,very等词修饰,关系代词常用that,不用which,who,或whom.例如:(3)非限制性定语从句中,不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如:There are about seven million people taking part in the election,most of whom、are well educated.(4)which还有一种特殊用法,它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句,代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中,which可以作主语,也可以作宾语或表语,多数情况下意思是与and this 相似,并可以指人。例如:He succeeded in the competition,which made his parents very happy.(5)that可指人或物,在从句中作表语,(指人作主语时多用who)仅用于限制性定语从句中。(6)which可作表语,既可指人,以可指物。Which引导的定语从句可以限制性的,也可以是非限制性的。(7)先行词有两个,一个指人,一个指物,关系代词应该用that.例如:The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.(8)如果先行词是anyone,anybody,everyone,everybody,someone,somebody,关系代词应该用 who 或whom,不用which.例如:Is there anyone here who will go with you?注意:用which而不用that的情况:1.在非限制性定语从句中,指“物”的引导词用which不用that,which也可指代前面整个句子;This is the house, which she bought last year.He didnt come yesterday, which disappointed us.2.在介词后面用which不用that(介词+which)。These are the houses in which they have lived these days.He works in a middle school, in front of which there is a river.三、巩固练习:1.There isnt much _ we can do about it. A. which B. who C. whom D. that2.Im afraid that all _ Ive got to say. A. that B. what C. when D. which3.Is there anyone else _ we should invite to the ceremony? A. that B. who C. which D. as4.All the apples _ fell down were eaten by the pigs. A. that B. which C. whose D. what5.The only language _ is easy to learn is the mother tongue. A. which B. whose C. it D. that6.She heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into mouth. A. which B. it C. who D. that四探究运用.“介词关系代词”是一个普遍使用的结构(1)“介词关系代词”可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句。“介词关系代词”结构中的介词可以是in,on,about,from,for,with,to, at,of,without 等,关系代词只可用whom或 which,不可用that .(2)listen to,look at,take care of 等固定短语动词,在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。如:This is the boy whom she has taken care of.(二)关系副词引导的定语从句1.关系副词也可以引导定语从句关系副词在从句中分别表示时间。地点或原因。关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语,where 充当地点状语,why充当原因状语。2. that可引导定语从句表示时间。地点或原因That有时可以代替关系副词 when,where 或者why引导定语从句表示时间。地点或原因,在that引导的这种定语从句中,that也可以省去。(三)关系代词和关系副词的选择知识回顾:引导定语从句的关系词以及它们在定语从句中所作的成份关系副词1.when:在定语从句中作时间状语,先行词为表示时间的名词;The day when he was born remains unknown.2.where:在定语从句中作地点状语,先行词为表示地点的名词;I dont know the place where he lives.3.why:在定语从句中作原因状语,先行词为reason。Tell me the reason why you didnt come.归纳总结:定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的选择,关键是分析定语从句的成份。巩固练习:1.Do you remember the days _ we spent in the country last year? A. that B. when C. where D. who 2.Do you remember the days _ we spent the holiday together last year? A. that B. when C. where D. who 3.This is the factory _ your father worked last year. A. that B. which C. where D. when 4.This is the factory _ your father worked in last year? A. that B. when C. where D. who 5.The reason _ she cried is unknown. A. why B. when C. that D. which 6.The reason _ she told us is surprising. A. that B. when C. where D. who 7.In this area there are many farms _ soil(土壤) is very fertile(肥沃的). A. that B. whose C. where D. who 8.The boy _ mother is a famous singer is studying in our school. A. whom B. whose C. which D. who 9.Hell never forget the day _ he became a university student for the first time. A. that B. which C. when D. why 10.I know a place _ we can have a quiet talk. A. when B. whose C. where D. whichStudents talk about how to understand and write the attributive clauses. (学生笔头归纳并交流)IVFeedback(教师反馈总结):Homework: (家庭作业)在定语从句中关系副词when, where, why其含义相当于on which, in which, for which,所以可以交替使用。如: The day I met him first was May 1st. The year I came here was 1998. The reason he was late was that he got up late. The will never forget the day_ she spent in Beijing. She will never forget the day_ she stayed with him in Beijing. The college wont take anyone

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