2019届高考英语一轮基础自练题Unit1Friendship（含解析）新人教版.docx

Unit 1 Friendship李仕才*阅读理解“It hurts me more than you”, and “This is for your own good” these are the statements my mother used to make years ago when I had to learn Latin, clean my room, stay home and do homework.That was before we entered the permissive period in education in which we decided it was all right not to push our children to achieve their best in school. The schools and the educators made it easy for us. They thought that it was all right to be parents who take a let-alone policy. We stopped making our children do homework. We gave them calculators, turned on the television, left the teaching to the teachers and went on vacation.Now teachers, faced with children who have been developing at their own pace for the past 15 years, are realizing weve made a terrible mistake. One such teacher is Sharon Clomps who says of her students“so passive” and wonders what has happened. Nothing is demanded of them, she believes. Television, says Clomps, contributes to childrens passivity. “were talking about a generation of kids who has never been hurt or hungry. They have learned somebody will always do it for them, instead of saying go and look it up, you tell them the answer. It takes greater energy to say no to a kid.”Yes, it does. It takes energy and it takes work. its time for parents to end their vacation and come back to work. It s time to take the car away, to turn the TV off, to tell them it hurts you more than them but it s for their own good. Its s time to start telling them “no” again.1.We learn from the passage that the authors mother used to lay emphasis(重点) on _.A.learning LatinB.being well behavedC.natural developmentD.education at school2.By “permissive period in education” (L1, para.2) the author means a time _.A.when children are allowed to do what they wish toB.when everything can be taught at schoolC.when every child can be educatedD.when children are permitted to receive education3.The main idea of the passage is that _.A.parents should leave their children aloneB.kids should have more activities at schoolC.its time to be more strict with our kidsD.parents should always set a good example to their kids参考答案： 1.B; 2.A; 3.C解析： 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文章,本文介绍了父母亲对孩子疏于管教,听之任之对孩子的学习带来的负面影响,建议父母严格要求自己的孩子。1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段“This is for your own goodthese are the statements my mother used to make years ago when I had to learn Latin.”(几年前母亲经常说“这是为了你好”来要求我把事情做好)即作者的母亲过去是很注重纪律的,对作者要求严格。可知,故选B项。2.A 词义猜测题。根据后面的句子“.in which we decided it was all right not to push our children to achieve their best in school”可知,指在这段时期里,让孩子做他们想做的事情。故选A项。3.C 主旨大意题。文章在第三段中提及父母为孩子做了太多的事情,放任孩子自由,导致孩子没有受到挫折的打击,所以应该对孩子有更高的要求。故选C项。*语法填空My interest in Chinese food started years ago, when I was a young reporter for the Washington Post. Our office wasnt far from Chinatown, _1_ I found some very good Chinese restaurants.That was the first time that I _2_ (notice) the fresh taste of the meat and vegetables of Chinese food.When I learned more about the food, I began to understand why _3_ has this special feature.Many years ago, China had _4_ energy crisis because it lost much of its wood due to overpopulation and poor management of its forests. This _5_ (lose) was very bad for the country, of course, but it turned out to be very good for the food. Wood became very expensive and hard to get, so the Chinese had to either find a substitute for their _6_ (value) wood, or learn how to use it better. There werent any substitutes, so people found ways to economize.In order to economize in cooking, they had to use very little wood. So they started cutting their meat and vegetables _7_ small pieces before they put them in the hot oil. That way, the food cooked _8_ (fast) and they saved more fuel. The food _9_ (prepare) in this way kept its fresh flavorand its this flavor _10_ attracts people from other countries to the art of Chinese cooking.1_2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了中国食物美味的原因。在很多年前，由于中国的木柴缺乏，人们为了节约木柴，就把食物切成小块烹饪，食物很快就熟了，而且保持了鲜美的味道。1where考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子成分可知，设空处所填词引导定语从句，补充说明先行词Chinatown，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作状语，表示地点，故填where。2had noticed考查动词的时态。在“It/This/That be the序数词timethat .”句型中，若前面的be动词是一般过去时，that从句使用过去完成时，故填had noticed。3it考查代词。此处it代指前面的the food，故填it。4an考查冠词。表示“一”的概念时需用不定冠词，因为energy的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。句意：很多年前，中国有一次能源危机。5loss考查词性转换。分析句子成分可知，was是谓语部分，此处应用名词形式作主语，故填loss。6valuable考查词性转换。根据空后的名词wood可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词，故填valuable。7into考查介词。cut . into . 是固定搭配，意为“把切成”，故填into。8faster考查副词的比较级。根据后面的more可知，此处应用fast的比较级，故填faster。9prepared考查非谓语动词。此处是过去分词作后置定语，表被动，修饰名词food，故填prepared。10that考查强调句型。此句去掉its和设空处后，仍是一个完整的句子，所以是强调句型，且被强调部分是this flavor，故填that。*完形填空Not many people can say theyve been hit by a vehicle，but I can.I rode my bike to my daily _1_ practice in a gym last summer.I crossed the street as the light _2_；however，a young woman _3_ me with her fancy racing car.Like James Bond in a very_4_ situation，I rolled across the hood(引擎盖)onto the other side of the car.You may wonder_5_ a woman driver could be so careless.The truth is that the woman was on her phone while driving，so her _6_ was clearly drawn away from driving，which caused the accident.After assessing my_7_ and believing that all my bones were undamaged in any way，I_8_ and talked to the woman driver.I could tell she was obviously quite _9_.So was IAfter assuring her of my wellbeing，we_10_ ways._11_ my surprisingly shabby bicycle，I went on my way.I rode into the_12_ minutes late.Upon my arrival，my tennis coach and friends asked me why I was late.Nervously，I_13_ the car accident.Everyone seemed to be far more_14_ than I was.In fact，I_15_ joked，saying that now I know how the squirrels feel after a nice escape.After this_16_ ，I realize the importance of bike lanes and watching out for pedestrians.Now as I drive，I always _17_ for people on bikes so that they do not_18_ the same fate(命运)that I did._19_ ，for all the bikers and runners out there，watch out for cars，as one small mistake could _20_ an unforgivable mistake.1A.football BtennisCvolleyball Dbadminton2A.permitted BbrokeCappeared Dexploded3A.passed BgreetedChit Dmet4A.romantic BhumorousCawkward Ddangerous5A.how BifCwhen Dwhere6A.passion BattentionCinterest Dexcitement7A.needs BbehaviorsCinjuries Dconclusions8A.stood up Bwalked awayClay down Dblew up9A.rude BcautiousCforgetful Dscared10A.parted BclearedCexplored Dchanged11A.Turning in BPicking upCPutting aside DGiving away12A.garage Bparking lotCgym Dbike store13A.avoided BignoredCprevented Dmentioned14A.grateful BinspiredCanxious Dcurious15A.still BevenCjust Dyet16A.attempt BsacrificeCexploration Daccident17A.look out Bwork outCcome out Dset out18A.accept BdeserveCsuffer Descape19A.Thus BHoweverCOtherwise DAlso20A.repeat BcauseCcorrect Drealize【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。“我”在骑车去体育馆参加网球训练的途中，被一辆跑车撞到，幸运的是“我”的骨头没有受伤。通过这起事故，“我”意识到了自行车车道和注意行人的重要性。【核心词汇】watch out for密切注意vehicle n交通工具，(表达和传播思想、观点的)媒介(物)，车辆fancy n想象力，喜好，幻想 v想象，认为，想要adj.异常复杂的，昂贵的，精美的assess v评价，评定，估算，核定undamaged adj.未损坏的obviously adv.明显地，显然地shabby adj.破烂的，肮脏的pedestrian n行人，步行者adj.乏味的，行人的1B根据第三段第三句中的“my tennis coach”可以判断，“我”骑自行车到体育馆参加网球训练，故B项正确。2A根据该句中的“I crossed the street”可知，“我”穿过了街道；根据常识可以判断，此举是在信号灯的允许(permitted)下进行的，故A项符合语境。3C根据该句中的“a young woman _3_ me with her fancy racing car”，并结合第一段第一句中的“been hit by a vehicle”可知，一位年轻的女士开着跑车撞到了“我”。C项意为“撞击”，符合语境。4D根据该句“Like James Bond in a very_4_ situation，I rolled across the hood(引擎盖)onto the other side of the car”可知，就像詹姆斯邦德在非常危险的(dangerous)情况下那样，“我”从引擎盖上滚到了车的另一边。5A分析该句结构可知，空处在宾语从句中作状语；结合该句“You may wonder _5_ a woman driver could be so careless”及语境可知，你可能想知道，一个女司机怎么会如此粗心？how表示“怎么，如何”，故选A。6B根据该句中的“The truth is that the woman was on her phone while driving”可知，这位女士在开车时打电话。据此可以判断，她的注意力(attention)不在开车上。7C根据该句中的“believing that all my bones were undamaged in any way”可以判断，这是在对“我”的伤势进行评定。C项意为“损伤”，符合语境，故C项正确。A项意为“需要”；B项意为“行为”；D项意为“结论”。8A根据该句中的“believing that all my bones were undamaged”可知，“我” 的骨头都没有受伤；据此可以判断，“我”站起身和那位女司机说话。A项意为“站起身”，符合语境，故A项正确。B项意为“走开”；C项意为“躺下”；D项意为“爆炸，爆发”。9D根据上文可知，“我”被这位女司机开的跑车撞到；据此可以判断，这位女司机很害怕(scared)，故D项正确。A项意为“粗鲁的”；B项意为“谨慎的”；C项意为“健忘的”。10A根据该句中的“After assuring her of my wellbeing”可以判断，在让她确信“我”身体没事以后，我们就分开(parted)了。11B根据上文可知，“我”被女司机驾驶的跑车撞到；据此可以判断，“我”扶起(Picking up)了“我”的破烂的自行车就上路了。A项意为“交还”；C项意为“把放在一边，撇开”；D项意为“泄露”。12C根据第一段第二句中的“gym”可知，“我”骑车进了体育馆(gym)，故选C。13D根据该段最后一句中的“saying that now I know how the squirrels feel after a nice escape”，并结合该句“Nervously，I _13_ the car accident”可知，紧张之余，“我”提到(mentioned)了这起事故。14C根据前一句可知，“我”提到了这起事故；结合该句“Everyone seemed to be far more_14_ than I was”可以判断，他们似乎比“我”更加担心(anxious)。 A项意为“感激的”；B项意为“能力卓越的”；D项意为“好奇的”。15B根据该句中的“joked, saying that now I know how the squirrels feel after a nice escape”，并结合前一句他们似乎比“我”更加担心的描述可知，事实上，“我”甚至(even)开起了玩笑。16D根据上下文可知，在这起事故(accident)之后，“我”意识到了自行车车道和密切注意行人的重要性。A项意为“尝试”；B项意为“牺牲”；C项意为“探索”。17A根据该句中的“so that they do not _18_ the same fate(命运)that I did”可知，现在“我”开车时总要密切注意(look out)骑自行车的人，这样他们就不会遭受(suffer)与“我”同样的命运。B项意为“锻炼身体”；C项意为“公开表明”；D项意为“出发”。18C参见上题解析。A项意为“接受”；B项意为“应得”；D项意为“逃跑”。19D根据语境可知，“我”现在开车总要密切注意骑自行车的人，同样(Also)，对于所有的骑自行车的人和跑步者，他们应当注意来往车辆，因为一个小错误可能会导致(cause)一个不可原谅的错误。20B参见上题解析。*短文改错In order to promote participation in outdoors exercise, our school organized an activity to climb Mount Tai on April 10. The majority of my classmates joined the activity.Early in the morning, having assembled outside the school gate, we head straight to Mount Tai. We set out for the top in high spirits when the moment we arrived at the foot of the mountain. In a course of the climb, we cooperated with each other to pass the rocky and steep areas. Laughing and cheering, we eventually reached the summit, which we were greeted by the bright sunshine and fresh air. Viewing from the top, the city was beautiful. Bathed in the warm sunshine, we entertained us with stories, songs, dances and game.This event was extremely beneficial for not only did we take a break from our heavy school workload, but we also learned how to cooperate. Therefore, we strongly suggest that similar events are held every year!答案：In order