诊断学复习资料八（中英文名词）.doc

武汉大学第二临床学院诊断学复习资料 （仅供参考 内部使用 请勿外传） 2007-06 绪论diagnostics诊断学differential diagnosis鉴别诊断physical examination体格检查symptom症状laboratory examination实验室检查sign体征assistant examination辅助检查症状学fever发热hematochezia便血pyrogen致热源occult blood潜血，隐血fever type热型tenesmus里急后重mucocutaneous hemorrhage皮肤粘膜出血abdominal pain腹痛cyanosis发绀diarrhea腹泻dyspnea呼吸困难constipation便秘three depression sign三凹征jaundice黄疸orthopnea端坐位呼吸Charcot 三联征夏科三联征cardiac asthma心源性哮喘hematuria血尿Kussmaul呼吸frequent micturition尿频Cheyne-Stokes呼吸陈施氏呼吸urgent micturition 尿急Biots呼吸间停呼吸odynuria尿痛chest pain胸痛oliguria少尿palpitation心悸anuria无尿edema水肿polyruia多尿nausea恶心syncope晕厥vomiting呕吐disturbance of consciousness意识障碍cough咳嗽somnolence嗜睡expectoration 咳痰confusion意识模糊hemoptysis咯血stupor昏睡hematemesis呕血coma昏迷tarry stool 柏油便delirium谵妄melena黑便基本检查方法inquiry问诊resonance清音inspection视诊dullness浊音palpation触诊flatness实音percussion叩诊tympany鼓音ausculation听诊hyperresonance过清音olfactory examination 嗅诊一般与生命体征vital sign生命征facial features面容blood pressure血压gait 步态compulsive position强迫体位spider angioma蜘蛛痣passive position被动体位purpura紫癜头面部体检setting sun phenomenon落日现象convergence reflex集合反射Musset征near reflex近反射exophthalmos眼球突出，突眼nasal ale flap鼻翼Kayser-Fleischer环Koplik 斑麻疹粘膜斑erathema粘膜疹颈部体检Oliver征胸肺部体检subcutaneous emphysema皮下气肿tachypnea呼吸过速rachitic chest佝偻病胸brachypnea呼吸过缓rachitic rosary佝偻病串珠cogwheel breath sound齿轮呼吸音Harrisons groove肋膈沟moist crackles湿啰音furnnel chest漏斗胸bubble sound水泡音pigeon chest鸡胸wheezes, rhonchi干啰音three depression sign三凹征pleural friction rub胸膜摩擦音Litten现象膈波影心血管体检apical impulse心尖搏动Austin Flint杂音inward impulse负性心尖搏动Graham Steel杂音pulse deficit脉搏短绌paradoxical pulse奇脉cannon sound大炮音water hammer pulse水冲脉gallop rhythm奔马律pistol shot sound枪击音opening snap开瓣音Duroziez双重杂音cardiac murmur心脏杂音Ewart征pericardial friction sound心包摩擦音dropped pulse脱落脉capillary pulsation毛细血管搏动征腹部体检abdominal retraction舟状腹board-like rigidity板状腹Grey-Turner signGrey-Turner征peritoneal irritation sign腹膜刺激征Cullen signCullen征Murphy signMurphy 征dough kneading sensation揉面感Traube区胃泡鼓音区hepatojugular reflux肝颈静脉回流征shifting dullness移动性浊音Courvoisier signCourvoisier征脊柱四肢体检Lasegue征直腿抬高试验acropachy杵状指koilonychia匙状指神经系统体检Rombergs sign昂伯征Babinskis signBrudzinskis signOppenheims signKernigs signGordons sign实验室检查Cabot ring卡-波环pyuria脓尿How