08. 于老师 状语从句专题.doc

状语从句（一）状语从句分类及常见的连接词：一、 状语从句分类（9种）时间状语从句，地点状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，目的状语从句，条件状语从句，方式状语从句，让步状语从句，比较状语从句二、 时间状语从句连接词1. 常见连词：when, while, as, before, after, till/until, since2. 表示“一就”：as soon as; the moment/instant/minute/second; immediately/directly/instantly; hardly/scarcelywhen, no soonerthan,3. 涉及time的连词： by the time, each/every time, the first time(第一次), the last time(上次), (the)next time(下次)e.g. (1)When it rains, I usually go to school by bus. (2) It was 3years before he came back. (3) The first time I saw him, he was a little boy.三、 地点状语从句连接词where, wherever, everywhere, anywheree.g. (1) Put the medicine where children cant reach it. (2) You can go wherever you like.四、 原因状语从句连接词because, as, since/now that/seeing that, for, in that（在于）,considering that, e.g. (1) I said nothing about it because his wife was there. (2) Since everyone is here, lets start our class.五、 结果状语从句连接词so/suchthat., so that.e.g. (1) He is so clever that he can solve the problem. (2) He got up early so that he caught the first bus.六、 目的状语从句连接词1. so that, in order that “为了，以便于” 2. in case (that), for fear (that), lest “以防，以免”e.g. (1) I got up early this morning so that I could catch the first bus. (2) Take the umbrella with you in case that it rains.七、 条件状语从句连接词：if, unless, as long as, on condition (that), in case, suppose/supposing (that), provided/providing (that)e.g. (1) I will call you if he comes here. (2) I will go to the party on condition that he is invited too.八、 方式状语从句连接词as, as if/thoughe.g. (1) Do as you are told to, or youll be fired. (2) The teacher treated the boy as if he were her own son.九、 让步状语从句连接词：although, though, as, even if/though, whetheror（不管还是）,while（虽然）疑问词-ever, no matter+疑问词, （无论.）e.g. (1) Although he has a lot of money, he is unhappy. (2) Child as he is, he knows a lot. (3) Whoever you are, you must obey the rules. (4) While I admit that there are problems, I dont agree that they cant be solved.十、 比较状语从句连接词than, asas, not so/asas., the morethe moree.g. (1) The weather was worse than I had expected. (2) The more you read, the more you will know.状语从句（二）高频考点及易混点一、时间状语从句（注意：主将从现）1. when, while, asWhen：从句中的动词是延续性或瞬间性动词，动作可和主句动作同时或之前或之后发生。While：从句中的动词必须是延续性的动词，动作和主句动作同时发生，强调主从句动作的对比。As：表示主从句动作交替进行或同时完成，译为“一边一边；随着”翻译句子： Ill call you when I get there. _ He likes pop music, while I like folk music. _ He hurried home, looking behind as he went. _注意：when还可表示“突然，在那时/这时”，相当于and at this/that time, 三个固定句型为：was /were about to do/on the point of doing.when sb. did sth. 刚要做某事时突然.was/were doing.when sb. did sth. 正在做某事时突然.had done sthwhen sb. did sth. 刚做完某事时突然.翻译句子： I was about to go out to play when the telephone rang. _ I was washing my hair when someone knocked at the door. _ 2. before：译为“才/就/还没来得及”。（注意时态：主将从现，主过从过）常用四个句型：It was +时间段+before sb did sth 过了多久才It wasnt +时间段+before sb did sth 没过多久就It will be +时间段+before sb does sth 将过多久才.It wont be +时间段+before sb does sth 将用不了多久就.翻译句子： It was two years before he came back. _It wont be two years before he comes back. _3. since “自从以来”。常见两种句式： 主句（have done/have been doing）+ since从句（did） It is/has been +时间段+since从句(did) 或 It was +时间段 + since 从句（had done）注意：句型中，since从句中的动词如果是瞬间性动词，则译为“自从做某事多久了”； since从句中的动词如果是延续性动词，则译为“自从不做某事多久了”；翻译句子：It is/has been two years since I became a college student. _ It is/has been two years since I smoked.(=since I gave up smoking) _4. till, until “直到”注意：肯定句中，主句中动词必须是延续性的，译为“某动作一直到某时间点为止” 否定句中，主句中动词必须是瞬间性的，译为“某动作直到某时间点才开始” 句首时，不能用till；句中时，till和until都可使用。Not until+时间状语 放在句首时，主句要半倒装。 强调until从句时，用句型“It is/was not until+时间状语+that+主句”翻译句子： You may stay here until the rain stops. _He wont go to bed until she returns. _Not until you told me did I have hay idea of it. =It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. 5. no soonerthan., hardly/scarcelywhen. 注意： 主句用had done, 从句用did no sooner和hardly/scarcely放在句首时，主句半倒装。e.g. He had hardly entered the hotel when it began to snow. = Hardly had he entered the hotel when it began to snow. 即学即练：1. I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel _ I heard the steps. A while B when C since D after2. He was about halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears. A why B where C when D while3. We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started A when B while C until D before4. -Im going to the post office. -_youre there, can you get me some stamps? A As B While C Because D If5. _ the days went on, the weather got worse A With B Since C While D As6. Tom _ into the house when no one _ A slipped; was looking B had slipped; looked C slipped; had looked D was slipping; looked7. I _ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident _. A went; was occurring B went; occurred C was going; occurred D was going; had occurred8. It was some time _ we realized the truth. A when B until C that D before9. -How long do you think it will be _ China sends a manned spaceship to the moon?-Perhaps two or three years. A when B until C that D before10. -Why didnt you tell him about the meeting? -He rushed out of the room _ I could say a word. A before B until C when D after11. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story. A when B unless C after D until12. I dont really work here; I _ until the new secretary arrives. A just help out B have just helped out C am just helping out D will just help out13. They _ the train until it disappeared in the distance. A saw B watched C noticed D observed14. -Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? -Yes. He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade. A after B unless C until D when15. “You cant have this football back _ you promise not to kick it at my cat again.” The old man said firmly. A because B since C when D until16. -What was the party like? -Wonderful. Its years _ I enjoyed myself so much. A after B before C when D since17. They _ friends since they met in Shanghai. A have made B have become C have been D have turned18. Hardly _ into the country _ it began to rain. A we had got; when B had we got; when C had we got; than D did we get; when二、地点状语从句注意：where状语从句=in/on/at the place + where定语从句区别方法：看where前是否有表示地点的名词，有则是定语从句，没有则是地点状语从句。e.g. Put it where we can all see it.= Put it in the place where we can all see it.判断是什么从句：Where there is a will, there is a way. _从句 Go back to the village where you come from. _从句即学即练：1. You should put on the notices _ all the people may see them. A where B in which C at D for them2. The visitor asked to have his picture taken _ stood the famous tower. A that B at which C when D where3. After the war, a new school building was put up _ there had once been a theatre. A that B when C which D where4. If you are travelling _ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do. A in which B what C when D where5. -Mom, what di your doctor say? -He advised me to live _ the air is fresher. A in where B in which C the place where D where三、目的状语从句（从句中多有情态动词） 1. in order that可放在句首和句中，而so that 只能放在句中。2. in case / lest “以防万一”引导目的状语从句多用虚拟语气，也可用陈述语气；for fear（害怕，担心）引导的目的状语从句一般要用虚拟语气（即：(should)+do ）翻译句子：Take the raincoat in case/lest it rains/should rain. Mary didnt want to get out of bed for fear that she might wake her baby up.即学即练：1. Id like to arrive 20 minutes earlier _ I can have time for a cup of tea. A as soon as B as a result C in case D so that 2. Roses need special care _ they can live through winter. A because B so that C even if D as3. I shall stay in the hotel all day _ there is news of the missing child. A in case B no matter C in any case D ever since4. John sht everybody out of the kitchen _ he could prepare his grand surprise for the supper. A which B when C so that D as if四、条件状语从句（注意：主将从现）if unless in case on conditon that providing/provided (that ) supposing/suppose that as/so long as1. 从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时，即主将从现；从句中如果出现will, 则表意愿，不表将来。2. unless =ifnot.“除非，如果不”；as long as=so long as “只要”3. 如果从句的条件为假设，且难以实现，则用虚拟语气。翻译句子：You will fail the exam unless you study hard. _ If you will come to our party, we will be more than glad. _即学即练：1. In time of serious accidents, _ we know some basis things about first aid, we can save lives. A whether B until C if D unless2. I would appreaciate it _ you call back this afternoon for the doctors appointment. A until B if C when D that3. It is known to all that _ you exercise regularly, you wont keep good health. A unless B whenever C althrough D if4. You will succeed in the end _ you give up halfway. A even if B as though C as long as D unless5. John may phone tonight. I dont want to go out _ he phones. A as long as B in order that C in case D so that6. -Im afraid Mr. Wood cant see you until 4 oclock. -Oh, _ I wont wait. A no doubt B after all C in that case D in this way7. _ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it. A Even though B Unless C As long as D While8. You may be allowed to watch TV _ you have finished your homework. A even if B on condition that C in case D in order that9. _ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. A As long as B As far as C Just as D Even if10. Most birds find it safe to sleep in the trees, but _ they have egggs or young chicks they dont use a nest. A why B how C unless D where11.I wont call you, _ something unexpected happens. A unless B whether C because D while12. -Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? -Yes. He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade. A after B unless C until D when五、原因状语从句 because as since seeing that now that considering that 1. because 可以回答why, 可以被强调，放在句首句中均可，表示直接因果。2. as 不可以回答why，不可以被强调，放在句首句中均可，表示双方都知道的原因。3. since/now that不可以回答why，不可以被强调，只放在句首，表示双方都知道的原因。4. for 引导的句子是对前面的句子的补充说明，不是直接的因果。即学即练：1. _ youve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it. A Now that B After C Although D As soon as2. -May I go and play with Dick this afternoon, Mum? -No, you cant go out _ your work is being done. A before B until C as D the moment3. _ the day went on, the weather got worse. A With B Since C As D While4. He cant have gone out, _ the light is still on. A because B since C as D for5. _ we have come, lets stay and enjoy it. A For B As C Because D Since六、结果状语从句1. 主+谓+so + adj/adv +that从句 2. 主+谓+so +adj.+a/an+可数n单数+that从句3. 主+谓+so + many/much/few/little (少)+n. +that从句4. 主+谓+ such +a/an+adj.+ 可数n单数+that从句 5. 主+谓+ such +adj+可数n复数/不可数n +that从句注意：当so或such 画线部分放在句首时，主句要半倒装。 当主从句的主语一致时，可以变为so as to do或so +adj/adv+as to doe.g. He wrote so carefully that he made no mistakes. = He wrote so carefully as to make no mistakes.即学即练：1. Pop music is such an important part of society _ it has even influenced our language. A as B that C which D where2. He has _ little education _ he is unable to find a job. A such; that B so; and C so; that D such; and 3. _ that none of us could follow hime. A He spoke very fast B So fast he spoke C Too fast he spoke D So fast di he speak.七、让步状语从句1. 连接词although/though, even if/though不与but连用，但可与yet, still, nevertheless连用。2. 作为连词时，although与though可以互换；但是，though可以作副词，放在句末。3. as引导让步状语从句时，必须用倒装语序，且句首无冠词。即：n/adj/adv/v原形+as+主语+谓语，主句。4. though也可以用于如as一样的倒装结构，although不可以。5. no matter +疑问词+从句= 疑问词-ever +从句 No matter how +adj/adv +主+谓= However +adj/adv+主+谓6. while 引导让步状语从句时，多放在句首，译为“虽然，尽管”翻译句子：Young as he is, he can speak English fluently. _ However difficult the problem is, we will try our best to solve it. _即学即练：1. _ the punishment was unjust, he would accept it without complaint. A So long as B Even though C Since D When2. No matter _ he is able to come to the party, we will invite him. A when B whether C how D why3. He has already told me that he is going to buy it, _. A no matter how it cost B how much does it cost C however much it cost D whatever does it cost4. _ I suggest, he always disagrees. A However B Whatever C Whichever D Whoever5. _She goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her. A Wherever B However C Whichever B Whoever6. _ her faults, shes Arnolds mother. Dont be so rude to her. A Whatever B What C Whichever D Whenever7. _ the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them. A While B As C Since D Because8. _ rich one may be, there is always something one wants. A Whatever B Whenever C However D Wherever9. _, he is good at drawing. A To be a child B A child as he is C As a child D Child as he is 10. Dont be discouraged _ you have fallen behind others. A whether B as if C even if D however11. We can get there on time _ the car doesnt break down. A while B as long as C so that D even if八、方式状语从句1. as; (just)as 正如 就像2. as if/though从句中的内容可能为事实，则用陈述语气；若为假设或可能性不大，则用虚拟语气。翻译句子： Ill do as I am told to. _ He talked as if he had known everything. _即学即练：1. Youd better do _ you are required. A like B which C that D as 2. The full letter reads _ follows. A like B as C that D which九、比较状语从句 asas, no so/asas than, the more the more 翻译句子：The streets in New York are just as crowded as those in London._ The harder you study, the higher your score will be. _即学即练：1. The teache told us to gether _ about the ancient calendar. D information as more as possibleA as much information as possible B information as much as possible C as more information as possible2. She doesnt speak _ her friend, but her written work is excellent. A as well as B so often as C so much as D as good as3. The vase on the left is _ than the one on the right, and not _. A more nicer; so expensive B much more better; as expensive C nicer as expensive D better; such expensive达标训练：1. Id like to study law at university _ my cousin prefers geography. A. though B. as C. while D. for2. _ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As3. It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life _ we