江苏省铜山县高考英语提升训练（7）(1).doc

江苏省铜山县2014高考英语提升训练（7）及答案阅读下列四篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b/c和d）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。a villa (别墅) designed to resist earthquakes with “self-healing” cracks in its walls, thanks to nanotechnology (纳米技术) applications with self-healing polymers (聚合物), is to be built on a greek mountainside. the villas walls will include special particles that turn into a liquid when squeezed under pressure, flow into cracks, and then harden to form a solid material. the nanomanufacturing institute (nmi), based in leeds university, will play a key role in an eu project to construct the home by december 2010. the project, called “intelligent safe and secure buildings” (issb) is funded under the eus sixth framework program. this potentially life-saving scheme is led by german building manufacturer knauf. the villa will be built in amphilochia, in western greece, where knauf currently runs a manufacturing plant. if the experiment is successful, more tremor-resistant（防震）homes could be built in earthquake zones across the globe. nmi chief executive professor terry wilkins said, “what were trying to achieve here is very exciting. were looking to use polymers in much tougher situations than ever before on a larger scale.” monitors contained in the villas walls will be able to collect vast amounts of data about the building over time. wireless sensors will record any stresses and vibrations, as well as temperature, humidity and gas levels. the walls are to be built from new load-bearing steel frames and high-strength gypsum（石膏）board. prof wilkins said, “if there are any problems, the intelligent sensor network will be able to alert residents immediately so they have time to escape.” if whole groups of houses are so constructed, we could use a larger network of sensors to get even more information. “if the house falls down, we have got hand-held devices that can be used over the rubble to pick out where the embedded（嵌入的）sensors are hidden to get some information about how the villa collapsed.” also, we can get information about anyone who may be around, so it potentially becomes a tool for rescue. 16. the aim of the passage is to .a. report a piece of interesting news b. promote tremor-resistant homesc. inform us of the nanotechnology development d. tell us about a tremor-resistant home17. the villa can resist earthquakes because .a. it will be built on a special placeb. the cracks in its walls can be healed by the polymers c. the special particles can make its walls strongerd. the intelligent sensor network can tell people where there is a crack18. if the tremor-resistant home falls down, .a. rescue work can be done more quickly and accuratelyb. the intelligent sensor network will stop workingc. no one can be hurt in the earthquaked. a warning signal will be given to other residents19. what prof wilkins said suggests that .a. he is doubtful about the projectb. he thinks the tremor-resistant home is perfectly designedc. he is confident in the tremor-resistant homed. the tremor-resistant home still needs to be tested in a real situation20. it can be inferred from the passage that tremor-resistant home .a. is still being tried out b. is already under construction c. has been in wide used. will be put into wide use soon 【参考答案】1620、dbaca 阅读理解 if you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think. this is the research finding of a team of japanese doctors, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exerciseand as a result, we are ageing unnecessarily soon.professor taiju matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could be slowed down.with a team of colleagues at tokyo national university, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intellect (智能) and emotion, and determine the human character. (the rear section of the brain, which controls functions like eating and breathing, does not contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual or emotional faculties.)contraction of front and side partsas cells die offwas observed i some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty- and seventy-year-olds.matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple remedy to the contraction normally associated with ageusing the head.the findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns. those least at risk, says matsuzawa, are lawyers, followed by university professors and doctors. white collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant.matsuzawas findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking. blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells need. “the best way to maintain good blood circulation is through using the brain,” he says, “think hard and engage in conversation. dont rely on pocket calculators.”36. the team of doctors wanted to find out _.a. why certain people age sooner than others b. how to make people live longerc. the size of certain peoples brains d. which people are most intelligent【答案】a【解析】细节理解题。由第二段“professor taiju matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could be slowed down.”可知医生们想要研究出为什么一些人比其他人老得更快。37. on what are their research findings based?a. a survey of farmers in northern japan. b. tests performed on a thousand old people.c. the study of brain volumes of different people d. the latest development of computer technology.【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。由“he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.”可知选c。38. the doctors test show that _.a. our brains shrink as we grow older b. the front section of the brain does not shrinkc. sixty-year-olds have the better brains than thirty-year-oldsd. some peoples brains have contracted more than other peoples.【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。由“the findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns.”可知医生们的测试发现，一般而言，乡下人比城镇里的人的大脑收缩的更早。故选d。39. the word “subjects” in paragraph 5 means _.a. something to be considered b. branches of knowledge studiedc. persons chosen to be studied in an experimentd. any member of a state except the supreme ruler.【答案】c【解析】词义猜测题。由“but it was still not evident in some sixty- and seventy-year-olds.”可知“subjects”指的是被选入实验中做研究的人。故选c。40. according to the passage, which people seem to age slower than the others?a. lawyers. b. farmers. c. clerks. d. shop assistants.【答案】a【解析】细节理解题。由“those least at risk, says matsuzawa, are lawyers,”可知律师变老的风险最小。故选a。 阅读理解a disheveled(头发凌乱的) man appeared in court thursday on charges of murdering a chinese woman whose fight with her attacker was seen on webcam by her boyfriend in china. police refused to release any details about the crime or its possible motive.the body of york university student liu qian, 23, of beijing, was found friday in her apartment in toronto a few hours after her boyfriend witnessed the attack, police said.she was found undressed from the waist down but there were no obvious signs of sexual attack or trauma（创伤）severe enough to kill her. police say it may be weeks before the results of an autopsy(尸体解剖) are known.brian dickson, 29, stood before the court in a wrinkled white shirt and blue jeans as a charge of first-degree murder was read out. he did not enter an appeal. his case was held over until april 26. dickson was arrested wednesday. police only announced his name and his age and asked the media not to publish any photos of dickson, saying it could compromise the investigation. toronto police spokesman tony vella declined to respond to the request further.lius father, liu jianhui, who arrived from china after being informed of his daughters death, thanked authorities for their quick action.“i sincerely thank the people concerned with my daughters case,” he told reporters after the arrest. “our daughter was studying very hard.”police released no motive or details about dickson, but one friend described the toronto man as an aspiring actor.patricia tomasi, a friend of dicksons, told the associated press that she acted in a play at a local theater in toronto with dickson in 2007.“he doesnt seem like the type but thats what they always say,” tomasi said. “hes tall with boyish good looks. i dont know much about him except that he wanted to be an actor.”dickson attended york university where he studied global politics, but did not earn a degree from there.he later worked for the atlantic council of canada (acc), where he served as an assistant to the president julie lindhout. according to his biography on a newsletter from the atlantic council of canada, dickson has also been a running instructor and has been involved with developments in literacy, a pakistani aid organization that raises money for children in pakistan.a statement from the atlantic council of canada on thursday said it was not council policy to comment on staff, but it confirmed that dickson had been an intern(实习生) with the council from september 29, 2008, until march 27, 2009.liu was chatting with her boyfriend, meng xianchao, by webcam at about 1 a.m. friday when a man knocked on the door, police said.meng reported seeing a struggle break out between the two before lius webcam was shut off. meng contacted other friends in toronto who in turn called police.the victims father, liu jianhui, said his daughter studied at beijing city university before moving to canada, where she met meng.liu qians laptop computer, webcam and mobile phone were taken from the apartment the night of the attack, police said. police said the online chat was on a live streaming camera and was not recorded, though investigators were trying to figure out if there was any way they could recover it.york university, whose campus is located near one of torontos rougher neighborhoods, is one of canadas largest universities with more than 53,000 undergraduate and graduate students. about 3,200 of yorks students come from more than 150 foreign countries, the universitys website says.1. which of the following statements is not true according to the passage?a. york university students come from over 150 foreign countries.b. dickson was a graduate of york university where he studied global politics.c. the passage does not mention the reason why dickson murdered liu qian.d. acc wouldnt make any comments on staff even if they committed a crime.2. the underlined word in paragraph 8 probably means _. a. a successful actor b. a gifted actor c. a common actor d. an ambitious actor3. why did police ask the media not to publish any photos of dickson?a. worrying about bad influences on the investigation.b. not intending to give out any information about dickson.c. not confirming whether dickson had killed liu qian. d. wanting to protect their citizen for fear of losing face.4. what can be inferred from the text?a. developments in literacy raises money for children.b. seeing the struggle, meng contacted toronto police.c. dickson had no bad records before the murder.d. investigators could recover the chat record online.【参考答案】14、bdac 阅读理解-dthe speaker, a teacher from a community college, addressed a sympathetic audience. heads nodded in agreement when he said, high school english teachers are not doing their jobs. he described the inadequacies of his students, all high school graduates who can use language only at a grade 9 level. i was unable to determine from his answers to my questions how this grade 9 level had been established.my topic is not standards nor its decline（降低）. what the speaker was really saying is that eh is no longer young; he has been teaching for sixteen years, and is able to think and speak like a mature adult.my point is that the frequent complaint of one generation about the one immediately following it is inevitable. it is also human nature to look for the reasons for our dissatisfaction. before english became a school subject in the late nineteenth century, it was difficult to find the target of the blame for language deficiencies（缺陷）. but since then, english teachers have been under constant attack.the complainers think they have hit upon an original idea. as their own command of the language improves, they notice that young people do not have this same ability. unaware that their own ability has developed through the years, they assume the new generation of young people must be hopeless in this respect. to the eyes and ears of sensitive adults the language of the young always seems inadequate.since this concern about the decline and fall of the english language is not perceived as a generational phenomenon but rather as something new and peculiar to todays young people, it naturally follows that todays english teachers cannot be doing their jobs. otherwise, young people would not have a poor command of english.41. the speaker the author mentioned in the passage believed that _.a. the language of the younger generation is usually inferior to that t of the older generationb. the students had a poor command of english because they didnt work hard enoughc. he was an excellent language teacher because he had been teaching english for sixteen yearsd. english teachers should be held responsible for the students poor command of english【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。由“high school english teachers are not doing their jobs.”可知作者提到的说话人认为，英语老师应该为学生的英语不好负责。故选d。42. in the authors opinion, the speaker _. a. gave a correct judgment of the english level of the studentsb. had exaggerated （夸张）the language problems of the studentsc. was right in saying that english teachers were not doing their jobsd. could think and speak intelligently【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。由“as their own command of the language improves, they notice that young people do not have this same ability. unaw