高考交际用语荟萃(三).doc

高考交际用语荟萃（三） 情景场所交际用语：情景场所交际用语主要指的是在固定的语言环境下所常用的语言及表达方式。如谈论天气，购物，问路和应答，问时间、日期和应答，就餐，打电话，看病等。 打电话：This is(speaking). 我是（一般不说I am）It is here. 我是May I speak to , please? 请找接电话好吗？Can I speak to , please? 请找接电话好吗？Could I speak to , please? 请找接电话好吗？Id like to speak to, please. 请找接电话好吗？Whos that (speaking / calling)? 你是谁？（不说Who are you?）Is that (speaking)? 你是吗？Is there? 在吗？Isin? 在吗？Hold on, please. 请稍等。Hold the line, please.请稍等。Can I take a message? 你可以留个口信吗？（对方要找的人不在时）Can you give/ leave a message? 你可以留个口信吗？（对方要找的人不在时）Can/Could I ask who is calling? 请问您是哪位？May I have your telephone number? 您的电话号码是多少？如：-Is that Mary (speaking)?是玛丽吗？-Yes, it is.是的，我就是。- Hello. 喂- Hello. May I speak to Mr. Green? 喂，请找格林先生接电话好吗？-Could I speak to Mr. Wang?请找一下王先生好吗？-Hold on, please. Ill go and see if he is in.请稍等，我去看看他是不是在这儿。-Can I speak to Mr. Green?请找一下格林先生好吗？-Sorry, he is out. Can I take a message?对不起，他不在，需要我捎个口信吗？-Who is calling, please?请问你是谁？-This is John calling./ Its John here. / John here.我是约翰。-Ill tell you my address.我把地址告诉你吧。-Hold the line, please. Ill get a pen to write it down.请等一下，我拿支笔把它写下来。 购物：What can I do for you?您要买点什么？Can I help you?您要买点什么？Whats the price of ?的价钱是多少？How much is? 多少钱？Its well worth the money. 很合算。Have you got anything a little cheaper? 有没有比这便宜点的？How much does it come to? 总共多少钱？How much is it altogether? 总共多少钱？Try it for size. 试试大小。Will you show me? 请拿给我看？Have you got any? 你们有吗？Its a bit too large (small, plain. gaudy etc.) for me. 这对于我来说太大（太小，太素，太花哨等）了。Thats fine. Ill take it. 那好，我买了。Thats too expensive, Im afraid. 恐怕那太贵了。What colour do you want? 你要什么颜色？What size do you want? 你要什么尺寸的？Do you have any other kind? 你们有别的种类吗？Id like我要I want我要如：- Will you please show me that recorder? 请你把那个录音机拿给我看看好吗？- Certainly.当然可以。-What can I do for you?您要点什么？-I want some bananas, please.我想要点儿香蕉。-How much do you want?您要多少？-Two kilos.两公斤。 问路和应答：Excuse me. Wheres ? 劳驾，在什么地方？Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to? 劳驾，你能告诉我去的路吗？How can I get to? 我怎样去？Go down this street. 顺着这条街走。Turn right at the first crossing. 在第一个十字路口向右拐。Turn left at the second crossing. 在第二个十字路口向左拐。Its aboutmetres from here. 离这里大约有米。Its only a ten-minute walk from here. 走十分钟就到了。Go straight ahead till you see 一直往前走直到你看见如：- Excuse me. Can you tell me where the bookshop is? 劳驾，你能告诉我书店在什么地方吗？-Look! Its on the other side of the road. 看，就在那条马路的对面。-How can I get to the post office?我怎样才能到邮局？-Go down this street. It is about two hundred metres from here.顺着这条街走，离这里大约有二百米远。-Thank you for telling that.谢谢你告诉了我。-Not at all.不用谢。- Excuse me, will you please tell me the way to the railway station? 你能告诉我去车站的路吗？- Turn left at the second crossing and then go straight till you see it. 在第二个十字路口向左拐，然后一直走直到你看见车站。 问时间、日期和应答：What day is it today? 今天星期几？Whats the date today? 今天是几月几号？What time is it? 几点了？Whats the time, please? 请问现在是什么时间了？Excuse me. What time is it by your watch? 劳驾，你的表几点了？Its Monday/ Tuesday, etc. 今天是星期一/星期二等。Its time for是的时候了。Its time to是的时候了。Its three oclock. 现在是三点。Its half past three. 现在是三点半。Its three thirty. 现在是三点半。Its a quarter to three. 现在是差一刻三点。如：-Excuse me. What time is it by your watch?劳驾，你的表几点了？-Its four oclock.四点了。- Excuse me. Could you tell me the time? 劳驾，你能告诉我时间吗？- Oh sorry, I dont have my watch with me. 对不起，我没带表。- What day is it today? 今天星期几？-Its Wednesday. 星期三。 就餐：What would you like (to have)? 你想要吃什么？Would you like something to eat? 你想吃什么吗？Would you like something to drink? 你想喝什么吗？Id like我想要Would you like some more? 你想再来点儿吗？Make yourself at home. 请随便吃，别客气。Its nice/ delicious/ unusual. 味道很好/ 很美味/ 很有特色。Help yourself to请随便吃Just a little, please. 请给我一点。Im full, thank you. 我吃饱了，谢谢。No more, thank you.够了，谢谢。No, thank you. 不要了，谢谢。Do you take salt, or pepper? 你要盐还是胡椒？No, I enjoyed it very much, but I wont have any more. 不，我很喜欢，可是我再也吃不下了。如：- What would you like (to have)?你想要吃什么？-Id like two eggs and a glass of milk, please.我想要两个鸡蛋，一杯奶。-Would you like some more bread?你再来点儿面包吗？-No, thanks. Ive had enough.不要了，谢谢，我已吃得够多了。 看病：医生用语：Whats wrong with you? =Whats the matter with you? =Whats your trouble? 你怎么了？Is there anything wrong with you? 你怎么了？Let me examine you. 我来给你检查一下。Does it hurt here? 这儿疼吗？Take it easy. Its nothing serious. 别着急，没什么严重的。Youd better have a good rest. 你最好休息一下。Take this medicine three times a day. 这药一天服三次。I advise you to give up smoking and not to drink too much. 我建议你戒烟，别喝太多的酒。Youll have to have an X-ray/CT examination. 你得做一下X光/CT检查。Youll have to have chemical examination. 你得做一下化验。You need have an injection.你需要打针。Youll be well/ all right soon. 你很快就会好的。病人用语：I have got a pain here. This place hurts. 我这儿疼。There is something wrong with my back/ leg/ arm. 我的背/ 腿/ 胳膊疼。Ive got a cough/ headache/ toothache/ stomachache/ fever.我咳嗽/ 头疼/ 牙疼/ 胃疼/发烧。I feel bad/ terrible/ sick today. 我今天觉得不舒服。I dont feel well/ all right today. 我今天感到不舒服。Do I have to stay in hospital? 我必须得住院吗？如：- Whats your trouble? 你怎么了？-Ive had a pain in my stomach since morning. 我从早上一来就胃疼。- Im feeling tired, doctor. 我觉得累，医生。-Have a good rest and then youll feel better. 好好休息一下，然后你就会好多的。 谈论天气Whats the weather like today? 今天天气怎样？How is the weather in? 的天气如何？Whats the weather going to be like at the weekend? 周末的天气如何？Its fine. 天晴。Its cloudy. 天阴。Its windy.有风。Its rainy.有雨。Its rather warm today, isnt it? 今天很暖和，是不是？如：- Whats the weather going to be like next week?下周的天气怎么样？-Its going to be cold and snowy.天气寒冷并有降雪。- Whats the weather like today in Beijing?北京今天的天如何？-Its cloudy and rainy.多云有雨。- Whats the weather going to be like tomorrow in Baoding?保定明天的天气怎么样？-Its going to clear up.天气放晴。 语言困难：Pardon? 请再说一遍？Please say that again. 请再说一遍。Please say that more slowly. 请再说慢一点。Would you please say that again? 请你再说一遍好吗？Would you please say that more slowly? 请你再说慢一点好吗？What do you mean by? 是什么意思？Im sorry I cant follow you. 对不起，我听不懂你的意思。Im sorry I know only a little English. 对不起，我只懂一点英语。如：- I beg your pardon. Will you say it again? 对不起，请你再说一遍好吗？-All right.好吧。 祝酒用语：Lets drink to让我们为干杯。I now propose a toast to我提议为干杯。Id like to propose a toast to我提议为干杯。如：Now, lets drink to the further development of your business.现在，让咱们为你事业的进一步发展干杯。Id like to propose a toast to the further cooperation between our two companies.我提议，为我们两家公司的进一步合作干杯。 同一交际用语在不同场合的使用： Excuse me. 向人问路、问事时。如： Excuse me. Could you tell me how to get to the station?劳驾，你能告诉我去车站怎么走吗？ Excuse me, Mr. Brown, but is this pen yours?请问，布朗先生，这支钢笔是你的吗？ Excuse me, but can you tell me the way to the school?对不起，你能告诉我去学校的路吗？ 请求别人允许时。如：Excuse me, but can I park here?请问，我可以在这里停车吗？ Excuse me, but may I ask you several questions?请问，我可以问你几个问题吗？ 在与人谈话中要走开，或做别的事情。如：Excuse me, I have to be off for a while.请原谅，我得离开一会儿。 客气地表示不同意人家的话时。如：Excuse me, but you are completely wrong.对不起，你完全错了。 There you are. 对方所要的东西拿来了。如：There you are! A nice cup of coffee.你要的来啦，一杯好喝的咖啡。 相当于I told you so. 我跟你讲过了。如：There you are! I knew I was right.我不是这样说过了吗？我知道我没错。There you are! I knew that would happen.你看，我早知道那件事会发生的。 用于找到人时，“原来你在这儿”如：“Well, there you are.” said my teacher 哦，你原来在这儿。 Let me see. 表示“我来看一看”如： I want to have a look at whats on this weekend. Let me see now.我想看看这个周末有什么节目，我来看一看。 Whose pen is this? Let me see. Oh, yes, its Marys.这是谁的钢笔？我来看一看，哦，是玛丽的。 表示“让我想一想”如：-Whats this in English?这个用英语怎么说？-Let me see. Oh, yes, its pencil-case.让我想一想，哦，是铅笔盒。 How is/are? 询问某人的身体情况如：-How is your aunt?你的姑姑好吗？-Shes very well, thank you.她很好，谢谢。-How are you?你好吗？-Fine, thank you. And you?我很好，谢谢。你好吗？询问某人对某次活动、某段生活情况或某一事物的看法或感受（此时，How is/are? = How do you like/ find/ feel? = What do you think of? = Whats like?）如：-How was your visit to Paris?你的巴黎之行怎么样？-Great!太棒了！How was your summer vacation?你的暑假生活过得怎么样？-How is the movie?这部电影怎么样？-Very interesting.很有趣。 Go ahead. 表示“往前走”如：Go straight ahead till you see the entrance.一直往前走，直到你看到入口为止。 表示“请吧”，“说下去”，“请尽管用”等。如：-I wonder if I could use your bike.我能否用一下你的自行车？-Sure. Go ahead.可以，用吧。-Im afraid I have to trouble you with a question.恐怕我得麻烦你一个问题。-Go ahead.说吧。-Can I have a look at your newspaper?我可以看看你的报纸吗？-Sure, go ahead.可以，看吧。 come on 用于祈使句以鼓励某人做某事，尤指催促加速，努力或试一试，也可作为一种挑战语言。如：Come on, well be late for school.快点儿吧，我们上学要迟到了。Come on. You can do it well.试试吧，你一定能干好的。 表示“开始”如：Its getting colder. Winter in coming on.天渐冷了，冬天要来了。高考预测题：1.-What do you do?-_.A. Im sorryB. Im a businessmanC. I do some shoppingD. I cook lunch.2.-_?-No, thanks. Im just looking around. Ill let you know if I want anything.A. Have you made up your mind what you wantB. What will you want to buyC. Can I help youD. Do you like it3.-I am interested in that chair. How much do you want for it?-25.00-_. I will give you 15.00-No. That is not enough.A. The chair is really nice.B. Thats too much.C. Please lower the price.D. Nobody will have it except me.4.-I think Im coming down with a bad cold.-_.A. Oh, dont say that again.B. Then youd better see a doctor.C. Well, I suggest you have a rest.D. But you should go up a bit.5.- Whats going on?-_.A. No, we wont go on, we need rest.B. The library is on fire.C. I am going on telling the storyD. How about some ice-cream6.-Good afternoon, Times Hotel.-Hello, Id like to book a room for the nights of the 7th and 8th.-_.A. What can I do for you?B. Just a minuteC. Whats the matter?D. At your service.7.-Let me introduce myself.-_.A. What a pleasureB. Its my pleasure.C. Im very pleasedD. Pleased to meet you.8.-_?-Its rather cold and windy.A. Whats the weatherB. How is the weatherC. What does the weather likeD. How does the weather like9.-Do you mind if I take the seat?-_.A. Yes, do as you please.B. No, I mind C. No, do as you please D. Yes, I don mind10.-Hello, may I speak to Peter?-_.A. My name is Peter B. Im Peter C. This is Peter speaking D. Peter is me.11._, can you tell me where the library is?A. Beg your pardon B. Hello C. Excuse me D. Glad to see you.12.-Id like to invite you to go to the cinema tonight, Tom.-_.A. Oh, no. Thatll be too much trouble.B. Im sorry, but I have other plans.C. Id rather stay at home.D. Oh, no. Lets not. 13.-Which would you rather have? Milk or juice?-_.A. Neither, thank you. B. Yes, both. C. Yes, please. D. Sure, I would.14.-Thank you for the gift you sent me.-_.A. No, its not so good B. Please dont say soC. Im glad you like it D. No thanks.15. -Im taking an important examination next Monday.-_. A. Congratulations B. Come on C. Good luck D. Cheers16.-Ive passed an important oral examination.-_.A. Congratulations. B. Wish you success. C. Good luck. D. With best wishes.17.-Wonderful. Its Friday!-Yes, _.A. Congratulations B. Have a nice weekend C. Can I help you? D. Take it easy.18.-I know it is getting late, but this problem will be over in five minutes.-OK. _. It may trouble your neighbours.A. But turn it down. B. Then you wont get enough sleep.C. But turn it off a while.D. But when will you study for tomorrow.19.-Have you heard that she has been appointed director of the Engineering Department?-After working so hard for so many years, _.A. it is good news B. she is welcomed it C. she certainly deserves it D. she surely welcomes it20.-How did you enjoy the concert last night?-_! My favorite singer lost her voice and didnt even make an appearance.A. Very dissatisfactory. B. Awful C. What a disappointment D. What a failure.21.-_.-Very well, thank you. And you?A. How are you?B. How do you like Chinese? C. How do you do? D. Good night.22.-Sorry, I forgot to buy the book for you.-Never mind, _ it myself this afternoon.A. Id rather buy B. Ill buy C. Id better to buy D. Im going to buy23.-_?-Id like to see that red coat.A. Do you want anything B. Can you help meC. What do you likeD. What can I do for you24.- I enjoyed myself last night.-_.A. Its a pleasure B. Oh, thats very nice of youC. Congratulations D. Oh, Im glad to hear that25.-Hi, Im glad to see you.-_.A. Me, too. B. Thank you. C. My name is Tom. D. Im glad to hear that.26.-Whats her name again?-_, but I think its Shirley.A. I know her. B. Sorry, I dont know C. I guess so. D. Im really not sure27.-He used to be a pilot.-_ he knows how to drive a plane.A. Im wondering B. I wonder if C. No wonder D. Its a wonder.28.-Im feeling terrible, doctor.-_. You will be better soon.A. Be careful B. Yes, you are C. Think it over D. Take it easy29.-Did you wash it in hot water?-_. Im not that foolish.A. Of course not B. No problem C. Sure enough D. Of course30.-You look pretty in the new dress.-_. Its a gift from my aunt.A. Just so-so B. Oh, no C. Dont say so D. Thank you答案与提示；1.BWhat do you do?是询问职业的问句。2.C本题是关于购物的日常会话。Can I help you? May I help you? What can I do for you?等都是售货员的用语。3.BThats too much.是购物还价的用语，意思是“Thats too expensive”。4.Bcome down with a bad cold的意思是：因感冒而病倒。5.Bbe on表示“正在发生或进行”或“即将发生”，常译为“上演”“有约会”等。如：Whats on at the cinema this evening? 今晚电影院上映什么节目？The light in his room is still on.他房间里的灯还亮着。Have you got anything on tonight?你今晚有什么事吗？Whats going on?的意思是：发生了什么事。只有B项最符合这个语境。6.BA为服务员在商店里的用语，C不符合语境，D的意思是：听凭你的吩咐。住店者预定一个房间，服务员让他等一下，看看有没有房间。7.D初次认识某人时，通常用Pleased to meet you. Nice to meet you. Glad to meet you.或How do you do? （很高兴认识你）。语气随便，融洽。回答别人感激时，可以用It is my pleasure.或It is a pleasure of mine.(不客气)。8.B问天气情况有几种表达方法。How is the weather?是其中之一。其他的表达方法有：Whats the weather like? Whats the temperature? Whats the weather forecast for today?9.Cmind通常用在疑问句和否定句中。Do you mind？常用于要求给予，或请求别人做某事。mind之后可跟if从句或doing结构，回答时，如果表示“同意”“不介意”时，应用No,而不用Yes.10.C此题是考查打电话的常用语，在打电话时，英美人习惯用this来作自我介绍，而不是简单地报上姓名，也不按我们中国人的习惯那样说“我是某某人”。作自我介绍时，可以说：This is (speaking).也可以说：Itshere.11.C征求别人意见，劝告别人做某事（或不要做某事），语气要尽量委婉、客气。打扰别人，请人原谅，有事麻烦别人时常用Excuse me表示歉意。12.B本题考查被邀请时应答的用语。委婉拒绝可用“Im sorry”,而且Im sorry后面常接but引导的句子，but不用译出，但不能换成其他连词。13.A英美人在别人提供帮助时，无论自己接受与否，都要表示感谢。本题中一方表示愿意提供牛奶和果汁，另一方，尽管即不想喝牛奶也不想喝果汁，也要对这种盛情表示感谢。所以A项是最佳答案，而其他三项都没有表示感谢，都不合适。14.C对别人赠送的礼物，不论轻重，都要表示感谢。这是文明礼貌。面对这种感谢的回答中国人往往采取一种谦虚的态度