高考英语二轮复习与增分策略 专题一 阅读理解 第三节 题组练习 5 说理议论课件

题组5说理议论 专题一阅读理解第三节题组训练 A 2017 四川宜宾二次诊断 Famouspeoplehavealotofinfluencesonculturaltrends likeitornot WhenOprahgoesona21 dayvegandiet itmakesheadlines WhenAmalClooneywearsaStellaMcCartneydress salesgowayup However onetrendthatseemsharmless butisactuallyharmful isthepressureonstarstohavetheirphotostakenwithrareanimals Famouspeoplewhoareaskedtohavephotostakenwithwildanimalsforamagazinespreadorwhodosowhileonvacationalwayshavegoodintentionsandevenloveanimals Thismakesthemeasytargetsfortheoftengreedyamusementparksandfakeanimalcenters Thesebusinesspeoplelovethethoughtofsharingpicturesofastarhuggingababytigerorawhale Kindpeoplearenaturallydrawntoplacesthatclaimtoofferrareanimalssafetyandareeagertoseeelephantspaint tohugbabybearsortoswimwithdolphins However beingfrequentlyexposedhasshownthatmanyofthesebusinesspeoplearebreeders 饲养动物者 dealersorexhibitorsthatareusingstars goodwillfortheirownends InsomeAsiancountries elephantsarekeptincamps Afewcampsareworkingtohelpelephantsintrouble butthevastmajorityarenot andtrainingmethodsarebarbaric AssoonasthecamerasaregoneaftersomeonelikePrinceWilliamtakesaphotowithanelephant thechainsgobackon Fanstellthestars Stayawayfromwildanimalphotos andtheanimalswillbegrateful Ofcourse youdon thavetobefamoustomakeadifference Whetherrighthereathomeoratanexoticlocaleabroad everyoneofusmustfightthedesiretotakeaphotowithanelephantorhugababytiger 语篇解读 语篇解读本文为议论文 为了表达对动物的热爱 一些名人常与动物一起拍照 这种现象已经成为一种文化潮流 但作者认为在大部分情况下 这种方式有百害而无一利 1 WhyareOprahandAmalClooneymentionedinParagraph1 A Tointroducethetopicofthepassage B Topromotetheculturalinfluenceonstars C Toremindpeoplehowimportantthetrendis D Toshowfamouspeople spressurefromwildanimals 解析推理判断题 第一段的最后一句作者点出本文的主题 由此可见作者首先提及Oprah及AmalClooney旨在引出主题 故答案为A项 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 2 Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage A Thebusinesspeopleofferchancestostarstogetclosetoanimals B Famousstarsusephotoswithrareanimalstomakeadifference C Businessmentakeadvantageofstars goodwilltoearnmoney D Thekindandrichpeopleareeasilyattractedtovisitwildanimals 解析细节理解题 根据第二段最后一句中的 manyofthesebusinesspeoplearebreeders dealersorexhibitorsthatareusingstars goodwillfortheirownends 可知答案为C项 商人利用明星们的善意来赚钱 其他三项在文中均未被提及 故全部排除 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 3 Whatdoestheunderlinedword barbaric inParagraph3mean A Effective B Cruel C Scientific D Kind 解析词义猜测题 根据画线词前的 butthevastmajorityarenot 和其后一句 AssoonasthecamerasaregoneaftersomeonelikePrinceWilliamtakesaphotowithanelephant thechainsgobackon 可推知 训练动物的方法是残忍的 cruel 故答案为B项 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 4 Whatisthepassagemainlyabout A Thenumberofelephantsandtigersisincreasing B Keepingawayfromanimalpicturescanprotectthem C Peoplewillbeencouragedtotakephotoswithanimals D Thefamousmayhaveanegativeinfluenceonculturaltrends 解析主旨大意题 根据第一段最后一句可推知本题答案为D项 名人对文化潮流可能会造成负面影响 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 B 2017 江西九江十校联考 Asgraduationdrawsnear thosewhohaven tlandedajobyetmaybedesperatetofindone Perhapssomeofthejobofferstheyhavereceivedarebelowtheirskillandexperiencelevels Isitbettertotaketheseoffers orrejectthemandremainunemployed Recently DavidPedulla aUniversityofTexassociologist conductedastudyabouthowtakingajobbelowyourskilllevelcouldaffectyourfutureemployment Inthestudy Pedulladevelopedresumesforimaginaryjobapplicants Thejobseekershecreatedhadafewthingsincommon Theyhadacollegedegree workednearlytwoyearsattheirfirstjob andabout4 5yearsattheirsecondjob Whatdifferedwastheirthirdjobinthemostrecentyear Theyeitherhadafull timejobthatmatchedtheirskills apart timejobbelowtheirskilllevels orwereunemployed ThenPedullasubmitted2 420resumesbasedonhisimaginaryjobseekers alongwithcoverletters toonlineadsfor1 210realjobs Eachapplicanthadarealphonenumberthatemployerscouldcontactiftheywereinterestedintalkingwiththeapplicantfurther Thecallbackratesvariedwidelybasedonhowtheimaginaryjobseekershadspenttheirlastyear Theapplicantswhohadfull timejobsthepreviousyearwerecalledback10 4percentofthetime Thosewhosemostrecentyearofemploymentwasinajobbelowtheirskilllevelswereonlycalledbackabout5percent Maleapplicantsunemployedforayearwerecalledback4 2percentofthetime whilethefigureis7 5percentforunemployedfemales However Pedullacautionedthattheexperimentonlymeasuredtheinitialinterestofemployersinhisfictionaljobcandidates notwhethertheemployerswouldhirethemorwhattheywouldbepaidbasedontheirmostrecentjobexperiences 语篇解读工作与自身水平相称有多重要 你对于自己的第一份工作有何打算 仓促上岗使不得 每份工作都会影响你未来发展的轨迹 语篇解读 5 Thepurposeofthefirstparagraphis A toleadinthetopicB topresentanargumentC toshockthereadersD todescribethepresentsituationinjobseeking 解析推理判断题 通读全文可知这篇文章主要介绍了美国一位社会学家做的一份 接受低于自身技能水平的工作 可能会影响未来就业前途 的调查 根据第一段的内容可知其目的主要是引出话题 答案 解析 6 7 5 8 6 WhichstatementisNOTtrueaboutPedulla sexperiment A Theapplicantshadsomethingsincommonattheirfirsttwojobs B Theapplicants resumesandphonenumbersarecreatedbyPedulla C Theapplicants mostrecentjobexperiencesaffectedthecallbackrates D Unemployedfemaleapplicantsgotahighercallbackratethanmales 解析细节理解题 根据第四段第二句 Eachapplicanthadarealphonenumberthatemployerscouldcontact 可知B项不符合原文 根据第三段的第二 三两句可排除A 根据倒数第二段的第一句可排除C 根据倒数第二段的最后一句可排除D 答案 解析 6 7 5 8 7 Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph A Theapplicantswithahighcallbackratewouldsurelybehired B Theapplicants mostrecentjobexperienceswoulddecidetheirsalaries C Therearesomelimitsaboutwhatlessonscanbetakenfromthestudy D Itisbettertotakeajobofferbelowone sskilllevelthantorejectit 解析推理判断题 根据最后一段的内容 尤其是 However cautioned onlymeasured 等词语可推断出从这个研究中学到的东西有局限性 答案 解析 6 7 5 8 8 Inwhichsectionmaythetextappearinanewspaper A Career B Science C Culture D Education 解析文章出处题 文章主要介绍了美国得克萨斯大学的一位社会学家做的一份 接受低于自身技能水平的工作 会如何影响未来就业前途 的调查 故最有可能在职场版面见到这篇文章 答案 解析 6 7 5 8 C 2017 第二次全国大联考 Therearemanyusefulthingswecandoeachdaytofeelbetter Itmaytakesomeeffortsandtimetomakeahabitofdrinking8glassesofwaterdailyorthinkingmorepositively butitiswellworthit Whatthingsdoyoudoeverydaytofeelbetter Probablythehealthiestthingyoucandotofeelbettereachdayistoexerciseearlyinthemorning Youdon thavetorunthewholemorningorspendafewhoursinthegym Evendoingsomeeasyexerciselikewalking sit upsorjumpingtheropewillhelpyoufeelbetterinnotime Again duetoourbusyschedules wedon tgetenoughsleepeachnight Ifyouhavetroublefallingasleep avoidwatchingTVorsurfingtheInternetrightbeforebed Also trytomakehealthybedtimesnackchoicesanddon tdrinkteaorcoffeetoolateintheday Ifyoudrink3glassesofwater 4glassesofcoffeeorteaandaglassofsodaeachdayandthinkthatyoudrinkenoughwater thinkagain Yourbodyneedswater notcoffeeorsoda tofunctionproperly Aimingtodrink7 8glassesofwatereachdaycanmakeyoufeelbetter Beingpositiveisthekeytoalongerlife Positivethoughtscanhelpimproveyouroverallhealth Lifeisfullofstressfulsituationsandit shardtostaycheerfulwheneverythinggoeswrong butyourpositiveattitudecanhelpyousolveanyproblemandfightanystressfasterandeasier Yourpositiveattitudeisespeciallygoodforyourhearthealth Smile staypositiveandlivealongerlife 语篇解读本文介绍了为获得身心健康和长寿 人们应该做的事情和应该有的处世态度 语篇解读 9 Intheauthor sopinion whichcanbenefitusmostinorderthatwefeelbetter A Sleepingenough B Drinkingenoughwater C Thinkingmorepositively D Takingmorningexercises 解析细节理解题 根据第二段第一句可知 答案 解析 10 11 9 12 10 WhichofthefollowingagreeswithwhatissaidinParagraph3 A Drinkingteaorcoffeemakesussleepless B Drinkingteabeforebedmakesithardertofallasleep C WatchingTVorsurfingtheInternetleadstolesssleep D Ourbusyschedulescausemoredifficultyinfallingasleep 解析推理判断题 根据第三段最后两句 Ifyouhavetroublefallingasleep avoidwatchingTVorsurfingtheInternetrightbeforebed Also trytomakehealthybedtimesnackchoicesanddon tdrinkteaorcoffeetoolateintheday 可知选B 答案 解析 10 11 9 12 11 Whyiswaternecessarytoourbody A Becauseitcanmakeusfeelbetter B Becauseitcanhaveourbodyworksmoothly C Becauseitcandomoregoodtoourbodythancoffee D Becauseitcanhelpavoidfeelingthirsty 解析细节理解题 根据第四段第二句 Yourbodyneedswater notcoffeeorsoda tofunctionproperly 可知选B 答案 解析 10 11 9 12 12 Whatdoweneedmostwheneverythinggoeswrong A Thinkingpositively B Thinkingoutwiseways C Havingarightattitude D Stayingcheerful 解析推理判断题 根据最后一段中的 it shardtostaycheerfulwheneverythinggoeswrong butyourpositiveattitudecanhelpyousolveanyproblemandfightanystressfasterandeasier 可知选A 答案 解析 10 11 9 12 D 2017 山东淄博二模 EversinceDonaldTrumpwaselectedthepresidentoftheUS theentireTrumpfamilyhasbeenputunderamicroscope InChina thespotlighthasbeenmainlyfocusedonTrumpandhisdaughterIvanka SheisdescribedonWeChatasanextremelyinfluentialrolemodelwithstrikingbeauty asuccessfulcareer andahappyfamily Sheleadsadreamlifethatamilliongirlswouldlongfor Yes shewasbornwithasilverspooninhermouth Butshegotwheresheisbyherself There salwaysgoingtobearticlesthatsaypeoplebornintowealthyfamiliesarebetter lookingandhaveabetterfamilybackgroundthanyou butthesepeopledoworkharderthanyou Thereisatendencyinthemedianowadaystoencourageelitism 精英主义 Theyaretryingtobrainwashyoungpeopleintothinkingthattheyshouldinvestanenormousamountoftimeandmoneyinbodybuildingandappearanceimprovement evenplasticsurgery Theymakeyoubelievethatifyoudoastheysay youcanimprovethequalityofyourlifeandjointheupperclass Butwhat sthedownsideofbeingaverageorcommon Doyoureallyneedtogotothegymfivedaysaweekunlessyouareagymcrazy Doyoureallyneedtobreakyourneckandsacrificetoearnyourfirstpotofgoldonlytoworryconstantlyabouthowtofitinhighsocietylater Don tlettheideaofelitismgettoyou Everybodyhasarighttothelifetheywant Humanbeingsshouldnotbejudgedasasuccessorfailurebasedonwhethertheyareapartoftheupperclassornot Aslongasyouleadahappyandcomfortablelife whybothertochaseafterotherpeople sshadows Chooseyourownlifepathandgoforit 语篇解读 语篇解读本文为议论文 本文由美国新当选总统特朗普的女儿伊万卡的 完美人生 引发人们的思考 人们是否必须成为 精英 并过 精英生活 13 WhichofthefollowingaboutIvankaisNOTmentionedinthetext A Shewasborninawealthyfamily B Shemadeitduetoherfather C Shehasasuccessfulcareer D Sheisprettybeautiful 解析细节理解题 根据第二段中的 strikingbeauty asuccessfulcareer 及 wasbornwithasilverspooninhermouth 可排除A C D三项 B项 她是靠她的父亲成功的 与第二段最后一句 Butshegotwheresheisbyherself 不符 故答案为B项 答案 解析 14 15 13 14 Whatistheauthor sattitudetowardsthetendencyinthemediaaboutelitism A Unconcerned B Doubtful C Negative D Approving 解析观点态度题 根据文章最后两段可推知作者对媒体鼓励 精英主义 这一趋势持否定态度 故答案为C项 答案 解析 14 15 13 15 Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext A RunAfterStars ShadowsB ElitismandtheUpperClassC TrumpandHisDaughterIvankaD FollowYourOwnCourseinLife 解析标题归纳题 作者在文章最后一句点出了本文的主题 选择你自己的路并走下去 故答案为D项 答案 解析 14 15 13 单词梳理1 Freezingwinteris harm toorangetrees 2 Theireffortstoimprovetheproductionhavebeenvery effect 3 Hehadjustattendedhisdaughter s graduate 4 He desperate sawherdisappearintothecrowd 5 recent theyhavediscoveredacomet 彗星 6 Hestated positive thathehadneverseentheman harmful effective graduation desperately Recently positively 7