广东省广州市2018年中考英语真题试题（含解析）

广东省广州市2018年中考英语真题试题一、语法选择(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从 115 各题所给的A、B、C 和D 项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Xian Xinghai was a very famous musician in China. He wrote one of the greatest pieces of music of the 20th century. In his short life he wrote 1 300 songs and an opera.Xian was born in Panyu, Guangdong, China in 1905. Because his father died before he was born, Xian moved from place to place with 2 mother. He began learning to play 3 violin when he was 20 years old. In the beginning, his violin was 4 cheap and badly made that he 5 not play it well. His friends laughed at him. Xian did not stop 6 and soon showed his talent. In 1934, he was one of the first Chinese students 7 studied in a special music school in Paris. Before he 8 , Xian became the schools best student 9 won several prizes for his talents.In 1935, he returned to China and helped fight against the Japanese army. Later, he came to Yanan 10 music at a college. 11 there were no pianos in Yanan at that time, Xian still wrote 12 of his most important music there, including The Yellow River, his most famous work.In May 1940, Xian 13 to the Soviet Union by the Chinese Communist Party to write music for movies. In the Soviet Union, life was very 14 . Xian got sick and later died of a lung illness 15 October 30, 1945, aged only 40. Xians music, however, lives on in the peoples hearts.1. A. nearB. nearlyC. nearbyD. nearer2. A. heB. himC. hisD. hes3. A. aB. anC. theD. this4. A. soB. suchC. veryD. much5. A. needB. mayC. shouldD. could6. A. practiseB. practisingC. to practiseD. practised7. A. whatB. whichC. whomD. who8. A. leaveB. leavesC. leftD. was leaving9. A. andB. butC. asD. or10. A. teachB. taughtC. teachingD. to teach11. A. IfB. AlthoughC. WhenD. Because12. A. anyB. littleC. fewD. some13. A. sentB. was sentC. has sentD. was sending14. A. hardB. harderC. hardestD. the hardest15. A. atB. inC. onD. by二、完形填空(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 1625 各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Before graduating college, Jackie began to look for a job. She aimed at a famous company, but the 16 for such jobs was very strong. The company Jackie chose planned to employ only one person, but more than twenty people applied for the job. 17 , Jackie was one of the three people invited for the final interview. The interview was very 18 . The interviewer asked just a few questions and it was all over in less than 10 minutes. Then the interviewer said to them, “All of you are very good. Please go home and 19 our response.”Three days later, Jackie received a message saying she would not be 20 the job. She felt deeply disappointed. That evening, however, she received another 21 . This time it said that she got the job.Jackie later found out that the first message sent to her phone was part of the interviewa 22 to see if she was suitable for the job. All the three people received the 23 text, but only Jackies reply 24 the company. Of the three, one did not reply. The other said “goodbye” and Jackie said “thank you”. This reply showed that Jackie was a/an 25 person, so the company offered her the job.16. A. examB. workC. competitionD. plan17. A. ThankfullyB. UnluckilyC. HopefullyD. Immediately18. A. longB. strictC. interestingD. simple19. A. pick upB. wait forC. deal withD. think of20. A. offeredB. returnedC. refusedD. shown21. A. letterB. e-mailC. callD. message22. A. guideB. conversationC. testD. lesson23. A. sameB. otherC. secondD. whole24. A. reachedB. satisfiedC. helpedD. surprised25. A. braveB. cleverC. politeD. honest三、阅读(共两节；满分 45 分)第一节 阅读理解(共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分)阅读下列短文，从 2645 各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(A)For his eleventh birthday, Lin was given a gift that would shape his life. On that day his father took him to the Childrens Activity Centre and said he could choose any course thatinterested him. There was just one requirement: Lin would have to promise to study it for at least one year.To that point Lin had had many hobbies, but none kept his interest for more than a week or two. His mum once gave him a bag of stamps to encourage stamp collecting. That hobby lasted a week. Then his father got him some paints hoping that Lins artistic side would shine through. Those paints were now under his bed, still unopened. This time Lins parents would let him decide.Lins eyes moved down the notice board that listed all the courses on offer. He stopped at “Photography”. He liked the idea of taking beautiful pictures but the notice said that each student needed their own camera. Although Lins family werent poor, they werent rich either, and a camera cost a lot of money. He continued looking.The next course to catch his eye was “Language Art”. He didnt even know what that meant. His father explained that it taught people how to make public speeches. Lin, a shy boy, could think of nothing worse.Then he saw it. “Cooking” sounded like something hed like to do. It was inexpensive and convenient, it could be done alone and it was also creative.Based on Lins hobby history, his dad had doubts, but he agreed. Much to his parents surprise, Lin kept his promise. He studied cooking at the Centre every Saturday, and practised at home, making delicious meals for his family. Everyone looked forward to birthdays, when they could eat his cakes. Lin got great satisfaction from the pleasure his food brought to others.The months turned to years but his hobby never changed again.Now Lin is an adult and runs a successful restaurant. When customers say they enjoy his meal, he still gets the same pleasure he did as a child, and remembers the special gift he received all those years ago.26. Why didnt Lin choose to study photography?A. It was too expensive.B. He had no interest in it.C. He was not very creative.D. It was not offered that term.27. The underlined expression “catch his eye” in Paragraph 4 means “ ”.A. make him excitedB. cause him surpriseC. get his attentionD. help him see clearly28. Which of the following best describes Lins interesting cooking?A. It only lasted for a short time.B. It seemed to match his character.C. It was forced on him by his parents.D. It developed slowly over many months.29. Why did the father have doubts about Lins choice of cooking?A. Lin wasnt good at cooking.B. Cooking wasnt very convenient.C. He didnt think Lin would continue.D. Cooking wasnt a good hobby for a boy.30. Whats the best title for the passage?A. A Strict FatherB. A Changeable BoyC. The Fun of CookingD. The Birthday Gift(B)Experts believe that there are more than 8 million restaurants in the world today. So it might surprise you to learn that restaurants, as we know them, have only existed for a few centuries. Before 1765, there were no restaurants. That is, there were no places that provided the restaurant experience. There was nowhere in which a waiter brought you food and drink that you picked from a menu. In fact, there were no menus anywhere.There were eating places travellers could go to centuries before that. The countryside was full of inns that would serve food. And there were taverns where one could get drinks. The rich could also eat special meals prepared by private cooks. But none of them could be called a “restaurant”.A man called Boulanger changed that. In 1765, he opened a place in Paris that sold soups( 汤 ). On his sign he used the word “restaurant” to describe what he was selling. At that time, soups were considered something that could help “restore” ( 恢 复 ) your healthin French the word “restore” is “restaurer”so he called the soups “restaurants”. Soon, people started buying Boulangers soups even when they were not ill. And over time, people began to use the word “restaurant” to refer to a place selling soup rather than the soup itself. More “restaurants” opened in France, and people began to buy soups more often.Later, restaurants in Paris began to serve other food besides soup. In the 1790s, menus started to appear. By the mid-1800s, there were many types of restaurants throughout the world. The United States offered coffee shops. Tea houses became popular throughout China. Paris created beautiful restaurants for the rich. The British began to copy the French, and the restaurant idea spread throughout the British Empire.Today cities are filled with all types of restaurants. Diners have millions of options from which to choose.31. What is the passage mainly about?A. How restaurants developed.B. What made a good restaurant,C. Who created the first restaurant.D. Why restaurants became popular.32. According to the first paragraph, what made restaurants different from earlier eating places?A. Restaurants only served food.B. Restaurants were more expensive.C. Restaurants were mainly in cities.D. Restaurants had a list of meal choices.33. Who did Boulanger expect to come and eat at his restaurant?A. Rich people.B. Sick people.C. Travellers.D. Workers.34. When it was first used, what did the word “restaurant” refer to?A. A person.B. A place.C. Illness.D. Soup.35. When did restaurants begin to grow internationally?A. In the 1600s.B. In the 1700s.C. In the 1800s.D. In the 1900s.(C)Many people know that rubbish is a big problem on planet Earth. What many people dont know is that junk (垃圾) has become a problem in outer space too.According to BBC News, there are more than 22,000 pieces of space junk floating around the earth. And these are just the things that we can see from the surface of the earth by telescopes ( 望远镜). There are also millions of smaller pieces of junk that we cant see.Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move around the planet at very high speeds, so fast that even a very small piece can break important satellites or become dangerous to astronauts. If the tiniest piece of junk crashed into a spaceship, it could damage the vehicle.To make things worse, when two objects in space crash, they break into many smaller pieces. For example, when a U.S. satellite hit an old Russian rocket in 2009, it broke into more than 2,000 pieces, increasing the amount of space junk.To reduce additional space junk, countries have agreed that all new space tools can only stay in space for 25 years at most. Each tool must be built to fall safely into the earths atmosphere after that time. In the upper parts of the atmosphere, it will burn up.Many scientists are also suggesting different ways to clean up space junk. In England scientists are testing metal net that can be fired into space junk. The net catches the junk and then pulls it into the earths atmosphere to burn up. The Germans are building robots that can collect pieces of space junk and bring them back to Earth to be safely destroyed.“The problem is becoming more challenging because were sending more objects into space to help people use their mobile phones and computer,” says Marco Castronuovo, an Italian space researcher.“The time to act is now. The longer we leave the problem, the bigger it will become,” he says.36. What does the underlined word “these” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Telescopes.B. Satellites.C. Pieces of space junk.D. BBC news reports.37. Why is space junk considered a problem?A. It burns up after it re-enters the atmosphere.B. It often stops the view of telescopes on Earth.C. It could force new space tools to travel at slower speeds.D. It may crash into other space tools causing damage or death.38. Countries want future space tools to be able to fall back into the earths atmosphere so that .A. the tools can be reused laterB. the tools dont become space junkC. the earths atmosphere can stay cleanD. the effects of space flight can be studied39. How do the Germans plan to deal with space junk?A. Catch it with nets.B. Use robots to collect it.C. Burn it in the earths atmosphere.D. Send it further away from the earth.40. In which section of the newspaper would you probably read this article?A. Environment.B. Local News.C. Education.D. Fashion.(D)Science for KidsSpecial OfferFor this month only, all Bestbooks Book Club members will pay 20% less for every book ordered. Join our club for free and save big money!This months most popular booksWomen in Science by Rachel IgnotofskyPrice $25We all know the story of Marie Curie and her many scientific achievements. But many other brilliant female scientists are far less well known. This book is a great introduction to the lives and works ofsome of the most important and up-to-now unknown women in science.Recommended for Ages:12-15Order NowFirst Big Book of How by Jill EsbaumPrice $15DeliveryWe bring every book you order right to your door within three days. For Bestbooks Book Club members this is free. Non- members must pay an extra $2 per book.An excellent book about sea life for young children. The book is divided into 4 parts, one for each of the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian and Arctic oceans. It focuses on the different animals found in each of these seas,along with interesting facts and amazing pictures.Ages:5-10Order NowA Really Short History of Nearly Everything by Bill Bryson.Price $15Bill Bryson takes readers on a very funny and educational trip through the history of modern science - from its unexpected successes to its greatfailures and everything in between.Ages: 14 and overOrder NowNational Geographics First Big Book of the World by Jan Carn.Price $20This book is the perfect introduction to the seven continents. It tells young readers about the different animals that live on each of these lands and gives asimple description of the peoples history and culture.Ages:5-12Order Now41. How are the books on this webpage listed?A. By price.B. By popularity.C. By readers age.D. By writers name.42. What is true about the book Women in Science?A. It is mainly about Marie Curies history.B. It lists all the important scientific achievements.C. It includes women scientists that arent famous.D. It is mostly about the development of modern science.43. How much will a Bestbooks Book Club member pay in total if he orders First Big Book of How and A Really Short History of Nearly Everything today?A. $34.B. $30.C. $26.D. $24.44. A primary school student who needs to write a science report about African elephants should choose .A. Women in ScienceB. First Big Book of HowC. A Really Short History of Nearly EverythingD. National Geographics First Big Book of the World45. What is the main purpose of this webpage?A. To sell books to young readers.B. To attract new book club members.C. To encourage students interest in science.D. To review books young readers might like.第二节 阅读填空(共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分)阅读短文及文后 AE 选项，选出可以填入 4650 各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Most of us think the telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell. 46 In fact, an Italian named Antonio Meucci was officially recognised ( 认 定 ) as the inventor a few years ago. Who is Meucci and why wasnt he known for his invention at the time?Antonio Meucci was born in Italy in 1808. He studied engineering and drawing. During his studies, Meucci started to experiment with electricity. 47 When two places were connected with wire, people in those places could hear each other talk.In 1850, Meucci and his wife, Ester, moved to New York. Meucci was worried about his wife, because she had become very ill. 48 To solve this problem, he connected metal cables between his home and his workshop. This way, they could talk to each other conveniently.Meucci invited a group of people to see his new invention. They listened in amazement as the voice of a singer was heard through the wires. 49 Even worse, Meucci never applied for a patent ( 专 利 ) on his invention. Meanwhile, Alexander Graham Bell was working on the same idea and in 1876 the patent for the telephone was given to him.In 2002, more than a century after Meuccis death, his work was finally recognised by the government. 50四、写作(共三节；满分 35 分)第一节 单词拼写(共 6 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 6 分)根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词。(每空限填一词)51. Please open the w and let some fresh air in.52. The kind boy was happy to s his food with the hungry man.53. To keep healthy, you should do sports and have a balanced d .54. N cross the road when the traffic light is red.55. By reading 30 minutes a day, you can learn more words and i your writing.56. The students are very h_ . They clean houses for the old people every weekend.第二节 完成句子(共 7 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 14 分)根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。(每空限填一词)57. 你沿丝绸之路旅游过吗？ ever along the Silk Road?58. 参观广州博物馆对我们很有教育意义。 very educational for us Guangzhou Museum.59. 明天的大雨可能会阻碍我们外出。The heavy rain may us from out tomorrow.60. 广州的公园每年都种很多树。Every year, a lot of trees in the parks in Guangzhou.61. 我昨晚看的那场电影真好笑！ movie I saw last night!52. 我想知道明天我们在哪里见面。I wonder meet tomorrow.63. 如果你足够细心，就不会犯简单的错误。You wont any simple mistakes you careful enough.第三节 书面表达(共 1 题；满分 15 分)你是英语校报编辑李华。校报收到初一新生 Ben 的来信，他提出了所面临的两个问题。请你根据以下提示写一封回信，说明 Ben 的问题，提出你的建议并陈述理由。Bens problemsYour advice and reasons朋友少，感觉孤单1. 参加学校社团(club)- 结识更多朋友2. ? (请你补充)英语单词难记1. 多阅读英语故事、新闻-在运用中学单词2. ? (请你补充)Dear Ben,I am sorry to hear that you ar