小升初英语.docx

1、人称代词人称 格第一人称第二人称第三人称用法主格I weYouHe she it they作主语，动词前宾格me us You Him her itthem作宾语，行为动词后，介词后形物代my ouryourhisheritstheir后跟名词（名词前）名物代mine oursyourshishersitstheirs后不跟名词如：I（我）see LimingHe sees me (我)This is my (我的)bookThis book is mine (我的)2、反身代词（XXX自己）我自己 myself你自己 yourself他自己himself 她自己herself它自己itself我们自己ourselves你们自己yourselves他们自己themselves3介词(1)介词：in , on , at ,of, for ,with ,by , without,介词+doing固定搭配：be good at 擅长.=do well in如：He is good at playing (play)basketball(2)across(表面)穿过 Through(内部)穿过(3)during在.期间。(4)since自从（5)behind在后(6)before在前(7)over在.正上方（垂直） on在上面（挨着） above在.上方（斜着）(8)around在.周围(9)along沿着(10)in+语言 如：in English 用英语(11)with 拿着 和 用（工具/身体部位）(12) on the lefton the right(13) in the north 内部on the north 挨着to the north 分离(14) of . 的如：a map of China(15)arrive in +大地方（国家、城市） at+小地方（学校、机场）(16) be late for 迟到(17)in +颜色 穿.颜色衣服in+衣服(18)on the tree 长在树上in the tree 落在树上(19)across from 在对面(20)fromto. 从.到(21)at home 在家(22)between 在.之间（两者间/两两间）among在三者或多者间(23)beside 旁边(24)laugh at 嘲笑(25) keep off 远离(26) in the book 在书中（内容的一部分） on the book 在书上4、be good at=do well in 擅长5、go straight 直走go down 沿着.直走6、show . to.把.展示给.7、move to.搬到.8、人称代词排顺序，单数:你他我，you he I复数:我你他。we you they9、形式宾语：think/find/ make +it+形容词+to do sth 认为/发现/使.做某事 如：I find it easy to learn English.10、当敲门，打电话或不知性别的婴儿用it表示如：Who is it ?谁呀？4.形容词 副词（1）概念：形容词：.的副词：地（2）用法：副词副词真奇怪，修饰行为动词加ly。形容词不奇怪，修饰名词不加ly。行为动词：肢体动作和心理动作如：He walks slowly He is slow5比较级：两个之间的对比(1)构成：短单词（6个）加er 如：smallsmaller长单词（6个）前加more 如：beautifulmore beautiful(2)标志词：than(比)口决：than的意思就是比 有了than用比较级特殊形式要牢记一般的er 加上去。如：He is taller(tall)than me(3)修饰比较级的词：两多;much a lot 两少：a little a bit两甚至:even still还有一个远去了：far如：He is taller than me A.many B.very C.more D much6.最高级：三个或多个对比（1）构成：短单词（6个）加est长单词（6个）前加the most如： tall- tallest beautiful-the most beautiful标志词：of all (在所有中) of the (three ,four); in+群体如：I am the tallest (tall)in my class.（2）特殊的比较级最高级（well）goodbetter-bestfarfartherfarthestfarfurtherfurthestmany/muchmoremostbadworseworstlittlelessleast7.noise(名)噪音noisy(形)有噪音的noisily(副词)有噪音地南方（名）南方的（形）southsouthern动词1、特殊过去式taketook swimswam putput beginbegan seesaw havehadeatate readread gowent am/iswas arewere telltold sitsatgetgot(得到) makemade singsang2、一般现在时：经常的，习惯的行为或状态。主语为她/他/它是动词加s或es；一般现在时：always often sometimes usually never every day 现在进行时：现在或者现阶段正在发生的；be+动词ing一般将来时：将要发生的事；will+动原be going to+动原一般过去时：表示过去发生的；动词+ed时态标志现在进行时：now listen look it is +几时几分一般过去时：yesterday last(week.) ago(.以前) just now(刚才)一般将来时：tomorrow , next week, soon3、序数词前加the 如：the first4、名词前，基数后注意大写的结构。如：Grade One5、excited 感到激动的（形容人） exciting 令人激动的（形容物）类似：surprised 惊讶的（人） surprising 惊讶的（物） worried (人) worrying（物）6、there is ,there are都是有 there is 是单数和不可数，there are 是复数，就近原则也记住。There be 的将来时there will be there is going to be there are going to be 注意：there 不能和have同在。7、动名词作主语（doing）如：Watching(watch) TV is fun8、go doing 从事某个活动如：go shopping , go swimming.9、like doing 喜欢做某事（经常性） like to do 喜欢做某事（具体某次）10、shopping centre 购物中心11、Whats the weather like=Hows the weather？今天天气怎么样？12、阿情（情态动词）：can ,may,must,will,would; 阿be(be动词)：am,is,are 阿助（助动词）：do,does,did情态动词/助动词+动词原形如：He can watch(watch)TV阿情，阿助真奇怪，let,s,make,please坏，动词原形跟后面。13、borrow 借来 lend 借出14、find out 找出，查明 Look after 照顾 Pay for 为付钱 Take care 小心15花费：cost 以物作主语 物+cost钱 Spend 以人作主语 人+spend +时/钱on sth /doing Take it take+人+时+to do Pay pay for.16、tell sb (not) to do sth 告诉某人（不）做某事17、Its time to do sth =Its time for sth(doing) 如：Its time to have breakfast=Its time for breakfast18、what day is it? 今天星期几？ whats the date ? =what date is it ? 今天几号？20、get up 起床 get on 上车 get off 下车21、阿情阿be不一般，变换句式最优先。 如果没有它们俩，阿助帮你闯一关。 阿情can, may, must ,will, would ,shall, should 阿be: am ,is ,are, was, were 阿助: did(动词ed),does(主语为he,she,it) do（其它),注：阿助出现，把动词还原。如：He is a teacher(一般.) Is he a teacher?He watched TVDid he watch TV?He watches TVDoes he watch TV?They watch TVDo they watch TV?注：我你 我的你的 我们的你们的 以上变为一般问句如：I have a bookDo you have a book? someany andor对画线提问=疑问词+一般问句如：He is at home Where is he?22、take out 拿出24、不定代词指不确定的人物；如：something(某物)用在肯定句；anything(某物)用在否定句；everything(任何物)；nothing(没有物)；someone(某人)；somebody(某人)；anyone(某人)；everything(任何东西).用法口诀：不定代词往前冲，形容词躲后当逃兵。如果用它做主语，谓语动词用单数。25、Here you are 给你26、put on 戴上，穿上 Wear 穿着的状态 in +颜色（穿着什么颜色的衣服）27、enough足够；放在名前形副后；如：enough water big enough.28、变否定句阿情+not; 阿be +not; 如：He is a teacherHe is not a teacher He will go thereHe will not go there无阿情，阿be,用阿助的否定形式Didn,t/doesn,t/don,t+动词原形如：He walks thereHe doesn,t walk there anyor someany29、提问一件事用：what+一般疑问句+doing“正在干什么？”What+一般疑问句+do “干什么？”如：He listens to music every day What does he do every day ?30、get to 到达 Reach 到达 arrive in +大地方（国家，城市）arrive at +小地方（学校，旅馆等场所）31、都：both (2)都 All（3）都32、很多：many +可数名词复数 Much+不可数名词 A lot of=lots of +可数名词复数/不可数 A lot 单独用；如：I eat a lot 33、read 读（书，报.） Look at (看.) See 看见 Watch 欣赏性的看（电视，比赛等）34、节日的表达 Childrens Day Womens DayFathers Day Mothers DayTeachers, DayWorkers, Day注：教师节，劳动节是s,35、 36、One the other.:一个.另一个.37、certainly当然了=sure当然38、would like to do =want to do 想要做某事39、health 名词健康Healthy 形容词健康的40、must 必须mustn,t禁止41、how many 提问时How many +名词复数42、can you tell me the may to the hospital 你能告诉我去医院的路吗？43、tell(告诉) snow(展示) take (带走) sell(卖)44、现在完成时：表示从过去到现在已经干完的事或者过去发生的事对现在的影响。构成：have/has+过去分词标志词：already(已经) yet(还) just(刚刚) since+过去时间点/过去时(自从.)， for+时间段，these days, sofar, in the past如：He (live)here for 5 days45、情态动词：cant不可能 must 必须，一定 Neednt没必要=dont have to mustnt 禁止46、will not =won,t47、将会有：there will be There is going to be There are going to be 48、过去进行时：表示过去的某个时刻正在干某事 构成：was /were +doing 标志词： at 8:00 yesterday At this /that time yesterday When +一般过去时（如：when I walked to school）49、情态动词：must必须 may也许，可以 should 应该 can 能50、will /would/could you please+(not)do sth ? 请你好吗？ 如：will you please give me a glass of water?51、would you like some? 肯定：yes ,please 否定;no, thanks52、选择疑问句：中间有个or 供选择如：do you like red or white ? I like red.53、play +球类 Play+the+乐器 球类、棋类不加the ; 乐器加the 54、you,d better (not) do sth :你最好（不）做某事。55、只跟doing 的词：have fun +doing Enjoy+doing What about doing=how about doing 56、good 好的（adj）形容词 Well好好地（adv）副词57、how many +名词复数 如：there 20 students in the classroom How many students are there in the classroom? There is one student in the classroom. How many students are there in the classroom?58、have been to 去过 Have gone to 去了 Have been in 在某地待了一段时间59、in +时间段“.以后”用于一般将来时 如：he will come (come)in a minute.60、时间状语从句：表示时间的句子When (当.时) as soon as.(一.就.)Not.until.(直到.才) before（在之前） after.(在.之后)在时间状语从句中 ，主将从现（主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时）如：When I come ,I will help you 61、there be 动词的将来时用 将会是：There will be There is going to be There are going to be 62、the smiths=the smith family (史密斯一家)动词用复数如：The smielis are (be)here63、put on 穿上 Put off 推迟 Put away 把收起来 Pit up 张贴64、frind 朋友 Friendly 友好的65、badworseworst 坏 Goodbetterbest 好66、人+spend +时/钱doing sth (on sth ) 人花费时/钱做某事67、动名词可以作主语：如：swimming is good .68、noise(n)噪音 Noisy(adj)有噪音的69、sound 声音 Voice 噪音 Noise 噪音70、hard 努力的，努力地 Hardly 几乎不71、speakspoke Drivedrove Hearheard Drawdrew Growgrew Givegave72、family 当家庭整体讲为单数，当成员讲为复数74、too.to.:太.而不能.75、for+时间段，表示状态持续了一段时间 如：I lived in Beijing for 5 years.76、with 有 without 没有77、laugh at 嘲笑78、keep off 保持离开79、in English 用英语 In+语言（颜色、衣服、地方）80、be late for 迟到81、do will in =be good at 擅长82、across from 在.对面83、how do you do 你好 Sb “how do you do?” “how do you do?”sb84、parents父母85、who,s=who is 谁是 Whose谁的86、what,s the time =what time is it 87、closed 关着的 Open 开着的88、thin 最高级 thinnest 89、be used to +doing 习惯于做某事90、be doing 91、show sb sth =show sth to sb 展示某人某物 Give sb sth =give sth to sb 给某人某物 Teachsendpass sb sth = Teachsendpass sth sb 教寄传递 给某人某物92、fat (反)thin fatter(反)tninner 辅元辅结构，比较级双写末字母加er 如：big bigger hot hotter93、what,s wrong with you?=what,s the matter with you ?你怎么了？94、number=no 数字95、in the sky 在空中 in the sun 在阳光下96、国家首都国家人/语言China Beijing ChineseU.s/America Washington.Dc American /English U.kLondonEnglishAustralia Canberra American /EnglishCanada Ottwa Canadian(人) English(语)Germany Berlin German Rusia Moscow Rusian(语)97、什么开头什么答Does he .? Yes ,he does /no,he doesn,tCan he .?Yes ,he can /no,he can,tis, he .? Yes ,he is /no,he isn,tWould he .? Yes ,he would/no,hewouldn,tMay I .? Yes ,you may /no,you may not 98、感官动词，感觉器官的动作 Look 看起来 sound 听起来 smell闻起来 taste 尝起来 feel感觉 感官动词+adj表结构如：He looks happy99、have a meeting 开个会 Have a class meeting 开班会100、fish 鱼肉（不可数） 鱼（可数）系同形101、other+名词复数=others102、have to 不得不（客观） Must 必须（主观）103、will not =won,t104、以（please）+动原表示命令请求的句子 如：Open the door 打开门105、否定祈使句：Don,t+动原如：Don,t open the door!106、what does he do ?=what is he ?他干什么工作107、here there 放前面，人称代词不倒装，具体名词一出现，顺序马上就改变。 如：Here it is (主谓) Here comes the bus (谓主)108、wathch:手表 观看109、说“我“和.时，把我放在后面110、would you like to do 111、some 可以用在疑问句中表示委婉的语气，想得到对方肯定回答。如： Would you like some.?Could you some? May I some ?Can I some.?112、buy sth for sb 113、反义疑问句前面有一句话，后面来个反问如：There is a book ,isn,t there? 不是吗？ There isn,t a book ,is there?.是吗？注：前肯后否，前否后肯 表否定有;not never without no hardly(几乎不) neither(三者都不) little(很少) few(很少)114、the same 同样的115、say+说话的内容 Speak+语言116、what does xxx do? =what is xxx do? xxx干什么的？117、总数两个：one.the other 总数不定式3：one another118、for:对于；为了 Of :.的如：A map of China I go there for the book 119、when 什么时候 可以回答：8：00或Monday What time 几点只能回答：8：00120、what,s he like =what does He look lke ? 他长得会样子？What does he like ? 他喜欢什么？121、remember doing 记着做过某事（已做） Remember to do 记着去做某事（未做）122、leave离开 Leave for.动身去.123、以下可修饰可数名词和不可数名词：some 用天肯定句 Any 用于否定和疑问句 A lot of =lot,s of 用于肯定句 Much 用于不可数 many 用于可数124、比较级and 比较级表示越来越.如：biggerrand bigger 越来越大 More and more beautiful 越来越漂亮125、help sb to do sth Help sb do sth Help sb with sth 126、as+形容词或副词 原级+as 像.一样如：as big as 127、Danny,don,t stand here (表示喊了一下，为祈使句) Danny,doesn,t stand here(无，表示Danny为主语，所以用doesn,t)128、what,s the matter (with you )=what,s wrong (with you) 你怎么了？129、Chinese 中国的 形容词 China 中国 名词130、if 是如果 ，引导条件状语从句，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时，主将从现：131、打电话说你是谁用：who,s that ? 你是谁呀？132、就前原则 动词以前面的名词保持一致 和之类：with, together , with, along with, as weir as, 除了类：except,besides,but 同位each也要背如：He with his friend is (be) here133、also 用在句中 Too肯定句句末 Either 否定句句末134、what,s five and seven? 七加五等于多少？ It is twelve135、take sth to +某地 把.带到.136、be good at doing =do will in doing 擅长做某事137、not .at all 一点也不138、would like to do 想像做某事 Like doing like to do 喜欢做某事139、take sth to 地点 把某物带到某地 141、know(同音乐词)no France (形容词)franch Get(过去式)got First(反义词)last Right(同音词)write142、study(三单)studies143、feed sb with sth Feed sb on sth 喂某人某物如：feed tiger with meat Feed parrot on corn 144、troubles 困难 Hobbies 爱好145、would you like something to drink? Would you like to do sth ? Would you like some ?146、what,s wrong with ?=what,s the matte with .? 怎么了？147、surf the internet 上网冲浪148、表示建议的句型 Let,s do Why don,t you do =why not do Had better do What about doing =how about doing =would you pleas do 表示建议的回答 Good idea 好主意 That sounds great 听起来不错 All right 行149、in the sky 在空中 In the sun 在阳光下150、感叹句在填空时;去主谓，看结尾；四季发财what a 三头六臂选what 二龙戏珠要用how 151、pick it uo 捡起来；代词放中间152、t,d后的ed读作/id/如：waited needed153、German(adj) Germany (n)154、would you like some .?回答：yes ,pleas/no,thanksWould you like (love)to.?回答：yes,I,d love to 155、garden 花园 grade 年级 great伟大 grate感激156、on weekend=in weekend 在周末157、some day =one day 某天，指将来的某一天158、writeto名词1、可数名词变复数：直接加s如：book-books以s,x,ch,sh结尾加es 如：boxboxes以f/fe结尾把f/fe变v再加es 如：life-lives以o结尾，有生命的加es ,无生命的加s如：potatopotatoes(英雄hero，西红柿tomato，土豆potato，芒果mango)以y结尾变复数元音字母+y结尾，直接加s如：boyboys辅音字母+y结尾，把y变i再加es 如：baby-babies单复同形：chinese deer fish Japanese sheep 中国人骑着鹿，日本人骑着绵羊，争夺钓鱼岛。特殊变化牙齿toothteeth 鹅goosegeese 脚footfeet 男人manmen女人womanwomen 老鼠mousemice 小孩childchildren牙齿咬鹅脚，老鼠满街跑，男人女人吓一跳，小孩小孩别丢掉。本身复数我的衣服（clothes,grasses）有很多，裤子(pants)短裤(shorts)牛仔裤(jesns)，鞋子(shoes)袜子(socks)别穿错，戴上眼镜细检查。two men teachers there women teachers 变复数两头都变Two apple trees 只变后边集合名词：people police 人民警察2、不可数名词普通不可数名词：肉类、纸类、液体类、颗粒状、粉未状。特殊不可数名词;music work homeworkinformationfoodnewsweatherhousework3、名词所有格：表示“XXX”的有生命的加，s如：Liming,s(李明的)无生命的物用of 如：Amap of china (中国地图)双重所有格：of ,s/名物代，表示整体中的一部分如;a book of mine 我的一本书 a pen of LiMing,s李明的一支笔共有的人/物：A and B,s XXX(单)如：Tom and Mike,s father 分有的人物：A and B,s XXXs(复) 如：Tom，s and Mike,s fathers节日：Children,s day Teachers,day Father,s day Worker,sday5、感叹句名词形：what a +sdj+可单+（主谓） What+adj+可复/不可+(主谓)形/副词形：how+adj/adv+(主谓)6、family:强调整体表单数，如：myfamily is poor 强调每一名成员，表复数如：myfamily are all teachers7.可数名词有单位，要富（复）都富（复）。不可数名词有单位，单位富（复）自己苦。 哇塞！这世道！ 冠词1、定冠词：the 用在特定的人或物前（the students） 用在世界上独一无二的事物前(the sun)用在集合名词前，表示一个整体（the black board）用在序数词形容词最高级和副词最高级前（the first）用在姓氏的复数前，指一家人（the whites 怀特一家人）2、零冠词：没有冠词球类、棋类如：play basketball季节、月份、星期、节假日：in spring一日三餐：have breakfastin hospital 生病住院 in front of 在.前面（外部） in the hospital 在医院里 it the front of 在.前面（内部）3、不定冠词：a an a 辅音字母前用a如：a book An元音字母前用an 如：an apple”u”读【ju】时，表示辅音用a，如：auseful book数词1、基数词变词123特殊记，8去t ，9去e，f来把ve替，如果以y来结尾，把y变成i和e，最后th加上去，如果遇到几十几只变个位就可以如：one (first) two(second) there(third) five(fifth) twenty(twentieth) nine(ninth)2、几点几分的表述顺读法如：8：00 eight o,clock 8:30 eight thirty 8:10 eight ten倒读法：不到半点：分+past+时 如：8：10 ten past eight 半点：halfpast+时如：10：30 half past ten 过半点：60一分钟+to+下一时 如;1:50 ten to two3、名词前，基数后，注意大写的结构 如：grade five4、1998读作：one thousand nine hundred and ninety-eight Nineteen ninety-eight(百和+中间加个and)5、in one,s+整+的复数，表示“在某人几十多岁时” 如：in my twenties在我二十多岁时6、two hundred二百 two thousand 二千 Hundreds of 数以百计的 thousands of 数发千计的 Two million 二百万 two lillion 二十亿 Millions of 数以百万计的 lillions of 数以十亿计的7、time :时间（不可数）次数、倍（可数）如：five time 5次/倍8、分数表达方法：1/3 one-th