语法题好Part 6.ppt

Grammar Part6 语法归纳 介词 which whom 引导的定语从句 基础练习在句中填入适当的介词 1 Wediscussedmanyproblems themeetingyesterday at 语法热身练 2 Peterwasverygrateful Simon shelp 3 Ipaid5000yuan thecomputer 4 Mancan tlive air for for without 5 ThePeople sRepublicofChinawasfounded October1st 1949 6 ThePeople sRepublicofChinawasfounded 1949 7 Hangzhouisfamous theWestLake on in for 8 刚才那名男子与那个女孩谈话了 Themantalked thegirljustnow 9 刚才那名男子谈到了那个女孩 Themantalked thegirljustnow with about 10 Thecleverboycouldseewhatwashappeninginsidethehouse aholeinthewall 这些介词的搭配 是我们学习 介词 which whom引导的定语从句 的基础 只有熟练掌握 才能在含有定语从句的复合句中正确选用介词 through 熟读深思 仔细阅读下列句子 归纳介词选用的方法 1 Yesterdaywehadameetingatwhichwediscussedmanyproblems 表示 在会议上 为atthemeeting 本句根据介词与先行词的搭配来确定介词 一 介词的使用 2 SimonhelpedPeterrepairhisguitar forwhichhewasverygrateful 表示 对某事感激 为begratefulforsth 本句根据与从句中谓语部分形容词的搭配来选用介词 3 ThecomputerforwhichIpaid5000yuanismadeinShenzhen 表示 付款 为pay for 本句主要考虑介词与从句谓语动词的搭配 4 Air withoutwhichmancan tlive isreallyimportant 本句既要考虑介词与谓语部分的搭配 又考虑与先行词的搭配 从句可还原为Mancan tlivewithoutair 介词 关系代词 中的介词主要有以下三种确定方法 1 向前看 根据先行词来确定介词 October1st 1949isthedayonwhichthePeople sRepublicofChinawasfounded 1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子 ontheday 用法归纳 1949istheyearinwhichthePeople sRepublicofChinawasfounded 1949年是中华人民共和国成立的年份 intheyear 2 向后看 根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词来选用介词 如 TheWestLake forwhichHangzhouisfamous isabeautifulplace befamousfor 3 前后看 根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定介词 既要考虑介词与谓语部分的搭配 又要考虑与先行词的搭配 如 Doyouknowthegirlwithwhomthemantalkedjustnow 你认识刚才跟那名男子谈话的女孩吗 talkwith与 交谈 Doyouknowthegirlaboutwhomthemantalkedjustnow 你认识那名男子刚才谈到的女孩吗 talkabout谈论 Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall throughwhichhecouldseewhatwashappeninginsidethehouse 那个聪明的男孩在墙上凿了个洞 通过那个洞可以看到屋内正在发生的一切 1 Thisistheboy whom who that Iplayedtenniswithyesterday ThisistheboywithwhomIplayedtennisyesterday 这就是昨天同我打网球的那个男孩 二 介词的位置 熟读深思 2 Shehasalittledaughter who whomislookedafterbyhergrandma 她有一个妹妹 这个妹妹由她奶奶照管 正 Shehasalittledaughter afterwhomislookedbyhergrandma 误 1 介词一般放在关系代词which或whom之前 但也可以放在从句原来的位置上 Thehouseinwhichweputourtoolsisgoingtoberebuilt thehouse which that weputourtoolsinisgoingtoberebuilt 我们放工具的那座房子将要重建 用法归纳 2 如果定语从句的动词与介词构成不可分割的固定搭配时 一般不宜将介词与动词分开 即介词不能放到关系代词之前 此类短语有 carefor 喜欢 dealwith 处理 对付 getthrough 完成 hearfrom 收到 的来信 listento lookafter takecareof lookfor lookinto takeoff beusedto 习惯于 makeuseof takepartin dependon 等 Themagazinewhich thatyouarelookingforisonthebed 你正在找的那份杂志在床上 lookfor一般不能拆开 1 当先行词是物时 介词后用关系代词which 即 介词 which 当先行词是人时 用关系代词whom 即 介词 whom 如 Thisistheheroofwhomweareproud 这是我们引以自豪的英雄 ThisisthepenwithwhichIwrotetheletter 这是我用来写信的钢笔 三 关系词的选用与省略 2 介词后的关系代词不能省略 也不能用that who来替换which whom等 但当介词不置于关系代词之前 而在定语从句的末尾时 可用that which指物 that whom who指人 此时关系代词往往可以省略 Thisisthehero that who whom weareproudof 这是我们引以自豪的英雄 Thisisthepenthat whichIwrotetheletterwith 这是我用来写信的钢笔 3 某些表示时间 地点 原因状语的 介词 which 结构可以同关系副词when where why等互换 Thisisthehousewhere inwhich Ilivedtwoyearsago 这是我两年前住过的房子 Iwillrememberthedayforeverwhen onwhich Iwonthefirstplaceinthecontest 我将永远记住我在竞赛中获得第一名的那一天 Thisisthereasonwhy forwhich hewasrefused 这是他被拒绝的原因 4 whose可以转换为 of 关系代词 如 Theyliveinahouse whosedoor ofwhichthedoor thedoorofwhich openstothesouth 5 that不引导非限定性定语从句 也不置于介词后 提示 what不是定语从句的引导词 同步作业 二 连接句子用 介词 which whom 将a b两个句子连接起来 1 a ThewomanisfromtheUSA b Iworkforher ThewomanforwhomIworkisfromtheUSA 2 a Alicelikesthefamily b Sheislivingwiththem Alicelikesthefamilywithwhomsheisliving 3 a Thepersonneveranswersme b Isenthimane mail ThepersontowhomIsentane mailneveranswersme 4 a Thatisthegirl b Youlentyourbiketoher Thatisthegirltowhomyoulentyourbike 5 a Ihaveneverheardofthesinger b Mysontalksaboutthesinger Ihaveneverheardofthesingeraboutwhommysontalks 二 用 介词 关系代词 填空 1 Thefactory Iworkisalargeone 2 Thisisthereason hewasputinprison 3 Chinahasalotofislands isTaiwan amongwhich inwhich forwhich 4 Theman Ilearnedthenews isanengineer 5 Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool hewentontoBeijingUniversity 6 There snoman hecanturnforhelp towhom fromwhom afterwhich 7 Heboughtmanybooks hespentalmostallhismoney 8 Thespeed lighttravelsisabout300 000kmpersecond atwhich onwhich 9 Hisbrother Iwenttothezoo tookmanypicturesthere 10 Thedocument theyweresearchinghasbeenrecovered forwhich withwhom 11 Mathematicsisthesubject Iammostinterested 12 Thisisthequestion wehavehadadiscussion 13 Isthatthegirl youlentyourbicycle towhom inwhich aboutwhich 三 对比练习比较下列各句 用适当的关系代词 关系副词或 介词 which whom 填空 每空一词 1 Thisisthemuseum mymotherworked10yearsago Thisisthemuseum wasbuiltin1950 where inwhich which that 2 July1 1921wastheday ourpartywasfounded July1 1921wastheday wewillnotforget 3 Irememberthedays Ilivedinmyhometown Irememberthedays Ispentwithmygrandpa when onwhich which that 不填 when inwhich which that 不填 4 Thehouse theywerelivingwasbuiltacenturyago Thehouse usedtobeatempleisaschoolnow 5 Abookstoreisaplace youcangetbooks Abookstoreisaplace sellsbooks where inwhich which that where atwhich which that 6 Ican tfindthecard Iwroteyouraddress Ican tfindthecard Iwroteyouraddress 7 Thebox heputhisphotosisgone Thebox heiscarryingisheavy where onwhich which that where inwhich which that 不填 8 Thehotel westayedduringourholidaystandsbytheseaside Thehotel standsbytheseasideisquitecomfortable which that where inwhich 五 语法填空EmmanuelJalisanAfricanhip hopartist Hehasbecomeawellknownactivistand1 music aroundtheworld Jalbelieveshesurvivedviolence2 spread amessageofpeaceandforgiveness 1 音乐家 2 动词不定式作目的状语 句意 他认为自己从战争中幸存下来 是为了传达和平与谅解的信息 musician tospread Attheageofsixorsevenyearsold EmmanuelbecameasoldierfortheSudanPeople sLiberationArmy He3 make tocarryagunthatwastallerthanhe ForalmostfiveyearshefoughtinwarsinEthiopiaandSudan 3 因是 被迫使 用被动语态 wasmade ABritishaidworker EmmaMcCune 4 rescue himandtookhimtoNairobi Kenya Shelegallymadehim5 son ButMizzMcCunediedsoonafterinanautomobileaccide