综合设计实验成语词典查询系统设计

.综合设计实验 成语词典查询系统设计一、实验目的1了解SQL语言各语句的语法与使用方法；2掌握DataProvider 和DataSet两个核心组件的常用属性、方法的含义及使用方法；3掌握利用DataProvider 和DataSet两个核心组件实现数据库记录的插入、修改、删除的方法；4使学生能够通过老师讲过的内容灵活运用多种控件，实现对简单数据库的维护，能够自行调试，显示或保存实验结果。并使学生更深入的掌握面向对象程序设计这门课程。二、基本要求（1）创建成语词典查询系统所需的表（成语词典表），并能连接上数据库。 （2）完成对所建成语词典表的插入、修改、删除功能（3）完成对成语的精确和模糊查询（4）完成对成语词典查询结果保存为Word文档及其导入成语词典。（5）为完成上述功能，还需运用菜单、工具条等多种控件三、实验步骤：1. 创建数据库：打开SQL Server Management Studio，创建数据库”成语字典库“然后新建一个名为成语字典表的表，如图1所示。图12. 创建项目：在Microsoft Visual Studio 2010中创建一个名为“成语字典应用”的Windows窗体应用程序项目。3. 设计界面：在空白窗体中添加菜单Button、Label、TextBox、ComboBox、RichTextBox、DataGridView、MenuStrip、SqlConnection、SqlDataAdapter、SqlCommand、SaveFileDialog、OpenFileDialog控件，对控件的属性进行修改，如表1所示。并且对菜单栏上的选项设置快捷键和访问键。控件名称属性属性值MenuStripItems浏览（查看所有、保存结果、退出）、查询（精确查询、模糊查询）、添加、删除、修改、退出Label1Text选择查询方式：GroupBox1Text操作界面Label2Text设置查询值：Label3Text显示界面：Label4Text拼音：Label5Text成语：Label6Text备注：Label7Text拼音简写：Label8Textlabel8button1Text精确查询button2Text模糊查询button3Text添加button4Text修改button5Text删除button6Text导出到Word文件Button7Text从Word文件中导入comboBox1Items拼音、成语、备注、拼音简写表1控件属性及属性值图二图二为进行整体布局后窗体效果图。4. 在Form1.h 编写菜单、按钮、标签的事件（单击事件）。（1）在窗体的头文件中引用System:Data:SqlClient命名空间后，才可以使用该命名空间内定义的如SqlConnection等类的对象。因此需要在窗体的头文件中添加如下语句： using namespace System:Data:SqlClient;因为要有文件的导出和导入所以要在命名空间部分加上：using namespace System:IO;并且在窗体类中要定义一个SqlConnection 类型的对象con，并在Form1类的构造函数中进行初始化。代码如下所示。 Form1(void)InitializeComponent();/TODO: 在此处添加构造函数代码/con=gcnew SqlConnection();con-ConnectionString = LData Source=.;Initial Catalog=成语字典库;Integrated Security=True;/用Connection控件链接到服务器名为”.“数据库名为“成语字典库“，用windows身份验证方式登陆SqlConnection con; /在窗体的头文件中定义一个con（2）在视图设计器下点击菜单栏“浏览”双击“查看所有”便进入此按键的单击事件函数下编写代码。private: System:Void 查看所有ToolStripMenuItem_Click(System:Object sender, System:EventArgs e) String sql=select * from 成语字典表;/定义了sql字符串，其内容为sqlsever数据库的查询语句 DataSet ds=gcnew DataSet();/定义了数据集的对象ds SqlDataAdapter ourda=gcnew SqlDataAdapter(sql,con); try /后面写可能发生的异常事件 ourda-Fill(ds,zd); this-dataGridView1-DataSource=ds-Tableszd;/ dataGridView1中显示表中的内容 con-Open(); if (con-State=ConnectionState:Open) String sql= select count(*) from 成语字典表; SqlCommand cmd = gcnew SqlCommand( sql,con); String myinformation=表中成语的总数是: + cmd-ExecuteScalar()-ToString() + 条; label8-Text=myinformation; /label8显示表中成语的总数 if (con-State=ConnectionState:Open) con-Close(); catch(System:Data:SqlClient:SqlException ex)/显示异常信息 MessageBox:Show(数据的异常信息是:+ex-Message,提示信息); （3）在视图设计器下点击菜单栏“查询”双击“精确查询”便进入此按键的单击事件函数下编写代码。private: System:Void 精确查询ToolStripMenuItem_Click(System:Object sender, System:EventArgs e) String sql= select * from 成语字典表 where +comboBox1-Text+ =+textBox1-Text+; MessageBox:Show(sql);/显示sql语句 DataTable ourtable=gcnew DataTable(); SqlDataReaderrd; SqlCommandcmd=gcnew SqlCommand( sql,con); SqlDataAdapter ourda = gcnew SqlDataAdapter( sql,con); if(textBox1-Text=) MessageBox:Show(请输入要查找成语的相关信息); return; Try/将查询到的数据添加到富文本框中为导出做准备 con-Open(); rd=cmd-ExecuteReader(); if(rd-Read() richTextBox1-Text+=rd拼音-ToString()+t; richTextBox1-Text+=rd成语-ToString()+t; richTextBox1-Text+=rd备注-ToString()+t; richTextBox1-Text+=rd拼音简写-ToString()+n; catch(System:Data:SqlClient:SqlException ex) MessageBox:Show(数据异常信息是：+ex-Errors,提示信息); return; finally rd-Close(); if(con-State=ConnectionState:Open) con-Close(); try ourda-Fill(ourtable); this-dataGridView1-DataSource=ourtable; catch(System:Data:SqlClient:SqlException ex) MessageBox:Show(数据异常信息是：+ex-Errors,提示信息); （4）在视图设计器下点击菜单栏“查询”双击“模糊查询”便进入此按键的单击事件函数下编写代码。模糊查询的代码只需将sql查询语句变为String sql= select * from 成语字典表 where +comboBox1-Text+ like%+textBox1-Text+%;（5）在视图设计器下双击菜单栏里“添加”项便进入此按键的单击事件函数下编写代码。private: System:Void 添加ToolStripMenuItem_Click(System:Object sender, System:EventArgs e) if(textBox3-Text=) MessageBox:Show(添加的对象内容不能为空); return; try con-Open(); if (con-State=ConnectionState:Open) Stringsql=insert into 成语字典表(拼音,成语,备注,拼音简写)values(+textBox2-Text+,+textBox3-Text+,+textBox4-Text+,+textBox5-Text+); MessageBox:Show(sql); SqlCommandcmd=gcnew SqlCommand(sql,con); cmd-ExecuteNonQuery(); MessageBox:Show(添加成功记录); catch(SqlExceptionex) MessageBox:Show(数据的异常信息是：+ex-Message,提示信息); finally if(con-State=ConnectionState:Open) con -Close(); （6）在视图设计器下双击菜单栏里“修改”项便进入此按键的单击事件函数下编写代码。private: System:Void 修改ToolStripMenuItem_Click(System:Object sender, System:EventArgs e) String sql= update 成语字典表 set +comboBox1-Text+ =+textBox2-Text+ where +comboBox1-Text+ =+textBox1-Text+; MessageBox:Show(sql); DataTable ourtable=gcnew DataTable(); SqlDataAdapter ourda = gcnew SqlDataAdapter( sql,con); try ourda-Fill(ourtable); catch(System:Data:SqlClient:SqlException ex) MessageBox:Show(数据的异常信息是：+ex-Message,提示信息); （7）在视图设计器下双击菜单栏里“删除”项便进入此按键的单击事件函数下编写代码。private: System:Void 删除ToolStripMenuItem_Click(System:Object sender, System:EventArgs e) if(comboBox1-Text=|textBox1-Text=)/选择删除方式和设置删除值不能为空 MessageBox:Show(删除对象的内容不能为空); return; if(Windows:Forms:DialogResult:OK!=MessageBox:Show(确定要删除记录吗？,删除,MessageBoxButtons:OKCancel) return;/如果点击取消则返回 try con-Open(); if (con-State=ConnectionState:Open) String sql= delete from 成语字典表 where +comboBox1-Text+ =+textBox1-Text+; MessageBox:Show(sql); SqlCommand cmd = gcnew SqlCommand( sql,con); cmd-ExecuteNonQuery(); MessageBox:Show(您已经成功删除+comboBox1-Text+ =+textBox1-Text+的记录); catch( SqlException ex) MessageBox:Show(数据的异常信息是：+ex-Message,提示信息); finally if (con-State=ConnectionState:Open) con-Close(); （8）在视图设计器下双击菜单栏里“退出”项便进入此按键的单击事件函数下编写代码。private: System:Void 退出ToolStripMenuItem_Click(System:Object sender, System:EventArgs e) this-Close(); （9）在视图设计器下双击 “导出到Word文件”按钮便进入此按键的单击事件函数下编写代码，思路是将富文本框中的内容导出到word。private: System:Void button6_Click(System:Object sender, System:EventArgs e) if(saveFileDialog1-ShowDialog()=Windows:Forms:DialogResult:OK) StreamWriter str=File:CreateText(saveFileDialog1-FileName); str-Write(richTextBox1-Text);/内容从richTextBox1写入到word str-Close(); （10）在视图设计器下双击 “从Word文件中导入”按钮便进入此按键的单击事件函数下编写代码。private: System:Void button7_Click(System:Object sender, System:EventArgs e) openFileDialog1-InitialDirectory=E:;/设置了起始目录openFileDialog1-Filter=富文本文件(*.rtf)|*.rtf|文本文件(*.doc)|*.doc;/选择文件类型 if (System:Windows:Forms:DialogResult:OK=openFileDialog1-ShowDialog() srtFileName=openFileDialog1-FileName; StreamReader sd=File:OpenText(srtFileName); this-richTextBox1-Text=; this-richTextBox1-Text=sd-ReadToEnd();/内容添加到richTextBox1中 sd-Close(); 四窗体运行和调试按下启动调试（F5）编译成功，如果有错误则应根据错误信息和位置找到错误并改正。也可以利用设置断点的方式来进行排错。我在程序调试过程中就遇到以下问题：控件忘记添加，数据库的链接失败，对象引用有错误等。在编写从word中导入的功能时遇到导入的内容如果是汉字就有错误，我就改用数据流的方式成功解决问题。界面上的所有功能都可以使用达到了实验要求。五实验小结本次实验的内容是在学习完C+与Windows窗体应用程序的基础知识数据库SQL Server之后一次各知识点结合的综合性实验。本次实验运用所学知识对一些概念，一些知识点的理解更进一步加深。能够通过老师讲的内容灵活运用多种控件，实现对简单数据库的维护，能够自行调试，显或保存实验结果。对更深入的掌握面向对象程序设计这门课程有很大的帮助。六代码清单Form1.h#pragma oncenamespace 成语字典应用 using namespace System;using namespace System:ComponentModel;using namespace System:Collections;using namespace System:Windows:Forms;using namespace System:Data;using namespace System:Data:SqlClient;using namespace System:Drawing;using namespace System:IO;/ / Form1 摘要/ public ref class Form1 : public System:Windows:Forms:Formpublic:String srtFileName;Form1(void)InitializeComponent();/TODO: 在此处添加构造函数代码/con=gcnew SqlConnection();con-ConnectionString = LData Source=.;Initial Catalog=成语字典库;Integrated Security=True;SqlConnection con;private: System:Data:SqlClient:SqlConnection sqlConnection1;public: private: System:Data:SqlClient:SqlCommand sqlSelectCommand1;private: System:Data:SqlClient:SqlCommand sqlInsertCommand1;private: System:Data:SqlClient:SqlCommand sqlUpdateCommand1;private: System:Data:SqlClient:SqlCommand sqlDeleteCommand1;private: System:Data:SqlClient:SqlDataAdapter sqlDataAdapter1;private: System:Data:SqlClient:SqlCommand sqlCommand1;private: System:Windows:Forms:Label label8;private: System:Windows:Forms:Label label6;private: System:Windows:Forms:Label label5;private: System:Windows:Forms:Label label4;private: System:Windows:Forms:Button button3;private: System:Windows:Forms:Button button4;private: System:Windows:Forms:Button button5;private: System:Windows:Forms:Button button6;private: System:Windows:Forms:TextBox textBox3;private: System:Windows:Forms:Label label7;private: System:Windows:Forms:TextBox textBox5;private: System:Windows:Forms:TextBox textBox2;private: System:Windows:Forms:TextBox textBox4;private: System:Windows:Forms:GroupBox groupBox1;private: System:Windows:Forms:RichTextBox richTextBox1;private: System:Windows:Forms:SaveFileDialog saveFileDialog1;private: System:Windows:Forms:Button button7;private: System:Windows:Forms:OpenFileDialog openFileDialog1; protected:/ / 清理所有正在使用的资源。/ Form1()if (components)delete components;private: System:Windows:Forms:MenuStrip menuStrip1;protected: private: System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripMenuItem 浏览ToolStripMenuItem;private: System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripMenuItem 查看所有ToolStripMenuItem;private: System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripMenuItem 保存结果ToolStripMenuItem;private: System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripSeparator toolStripMenuItem1;private: System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripMenuItem 退出ToolStripMenuItem1;private: System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripMenuItem 查询ToolStripMenuItem;private: System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripMenuItem 精确查询ToolStripMenuItem;private: System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripMenuItem 模糊查询ToolStripMenuItem;private: System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripMenuItem 添加ToolStripMenuItem;private: System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripMenuItem 修改ToolStripMenuItem;private: System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripMenuItem 删除ToolStripMenuItem;private: System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripMenuItem 刷新ToolStripMenuItem;private: System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripMenuItem 退出ToolStripMenuItem;private: System:Windows:Forms:Label label1;private: System:Windows:Forms:Label label2;private: System:Windows:Forms:Label label3;private: System:Windows:Forms:DataGridView dataGridView1;private: System:Windows:Forms:Button button1;private: System:Windows:Forms:Button button2;private: System:Windows:Forms:ComboBox comboBox1;private: System:Windows:Forms:TextBox textBox1;private:/ / 必需的设计器变量。/ System:ComponentModel:Container components;#pragma region Windows Form Designer generated code/ / 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要/ 使用代码编辑器修改此方法的内容。/ void InitializeComponent(void)this-menuStrip1 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:MenuStrip();this-浏览ToolStripMenuItem = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripMenuItem();this-查看所有ToolStripMenuItem = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripMenuItem();this-保存结果ToolStripMenuItem = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripMenuItem();this-toolStripMenuItem1 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripSeparator();this-退出ToolStripMenuItem1 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripMenuItem();this-查询ToolStripMenuItem = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripMenuItem();this-精确查询ToolStripMenuItem = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripMenuItem();this-模糊查询ToolStripMenuItem = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripMenuItem();this-添加ToolStripMenuItem = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripMenuItem();this-修改ToolStripMenuItem = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripMenuItem();this-删除ToolStripMenuItem = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripMenuItem();this-刷新ToolStripMenuItem = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripMenuItem();this-退出ToolStripMenuItem = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:ToolStripMenuItem();this-label1 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:Label();this-label2 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:Label();this-label3 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:Label();this-dataGridView1 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:DataGridView();this-button1 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:Button();this-button2 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:Button();this-comboBox1 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:ComboBox();this-textBox1 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:TextBox();this-sqlConnection1 = (gcnew System:Data:SqlClient:SqlConnection();this-sqlSelectCommand1 = (gcnew System:Data:SqlClient:SqlCommand();this-sqlInsertCommand1 = (gcnew System:Data:SqlClient:SqlCommand();this-sqlUpdateCommand1 = (gcnew System:Data:SqlClient:SqlCommand();this-sqlDeleteCommand1 = (gcnew System:Data:SqlClient:SqlCommand();this-sqlDataAdapter1 = (gcnew System:Data:SqlClient:SqlDataAdapter();this-sqlCommand1 = (gcnew System:Data:SqlClient:SqlCommand();this-label8 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:Label();this-label6 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:Label();this-label5 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:Label();this-label4 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:Label();this-button3 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:Button();this-button4 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:Button();this-button5 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:Button();this-button6 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:Button();this-textBox3 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:TextBox();this-label7 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:Label();this-textBox5 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:TextBox();this-textBox2 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:TextBox();this-textBox4 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:TextBox();this-groupBox1 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:GroupBox();this-richTextBox1 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:RichTextBox();this-saveFileDialog1 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:SaveFileDialog();this-button7 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:Button();this-openFileDialog1 = (gcnew System:Windows:Forms:OpenFileDialog();this-menuStrip1-SuspendLayout();(cli:safe_cast(this-dataGridView1)-BeginInit();this-groupBox1-SuspendLayout();this-SuspendLayout();/ / menuStrip1/ this-menuStrip1-Items-AddRange(gcnew cli:array(7) this-浏览ToolStripMenuItem, this-查询ToolStripMenuItem, this-添加ToolStripMenuItem, this-修改ToolStripMenuItem, this-删除ToolStripMenuItem, this-刷新ToolStripMenuItem, this-退出ToolStripMenuItem);this-menuStrip1-Location = System:Drawing:Point(0, 0);this-menuStrip1-Name = LmenuStrip1;this-menuStrip1-Size = System:Drawing:Size(619, 25);this-menuStrip1-TabIndex = 0;this-menuStrip1-Text = LmenuStrip1;/ / 浏览ToolStripMenuItem/ this-浏览ToolStripMenuItem-DropDownItems-AddRange(gcnew cli:array(4) this-查看所有ToolStripMenuItem, this-保存结果ToolStripMenuItem, this-toolStripMenuItem1, this-退出ToolStripMenuItem1);this-浏览ToolStripMenuItem-Name = L浏览ToolStripMenuItem;this-浏览ToolStripMenuItem-ShortcutKeys = static_cast(System:Windows:Forms:Keys:Alt | System:Windows:Forms:Keys:F);this-浏览ToolStripMenuItem-Size = System:Drawing:Size(58, 21);this-浏览ToolStripMenuItem-Text = L浏览(&F);/ / 查看所有ToolStripMenuItem/ this-查看所有ToolStripMenuItem-Name = L查看所有ToolStripMenuItem;this-查看所有ToolStripMenuItem-ShortcutKeys = static_cast(System:Windows:Forms:Keys:Control | System:Windows:Forms:Keys:A);this-查看所有ToolStripMenuItem-Size = System:Drawing:Size(189, 22);this-查看所有ToolStripMenuItem-Text = L查看所有(M);this-查看所有ToolStripMenuItem-Click += gcnew System:EventHandler(this, &Form1:查看所有ToolStripMenuItem_