汽车术语及定义.doc

汽车术语及定义一、 车辆类型GB/T 3730.1881. 汽车motor vehicle.2. 货车(载货汽车)motor truck.3. 微型货车mini truck.4. 轻型货车light truck.5. 中型货车medium truck.6. 重型货车heavy truck.7. 越野汽车offroad vehicle.8. 轻型越野汽车light offroad vehicle.9. 中型越野汽车medium offroad vehicle.10. 重型越野汽车heavy offroad vehicle.11. 超重型越野汽车extra heavy offroad vehicle.12. 自卸汽车dump truck.13. 轻型自卸汽车light dump truck.14. 中型自卸汽车medium dump truck.15. 重型自卸汽车heavy dump truck.16. 矿用自卸汽车mining dump truck.17. 牵引汽车towing vehicle.18. 半挂牵引汽车semitrailer towing vehicle.19. 全挂牵引汽车fulltrailer towing vehicle.20. 专用汽车special purpose vehicle.21. 厢式汽车van.22. 罐式汽车tanker.23. 起重举升汽车crane/lift truck.24. 专用自卸汽车special tipper.25. 仓栅式汽车box/stake truck.26. 特种结构汽车special construction vehicle.27. 客车bus.28. 微型客车minibus.29. 轻型客车light bus.30. 中型客车medium bus.31. 中型城市客车medium city bus.32. 中型长途客车medium intercity bus.33. 中型旅游客车medium sightseeing bus.34. 中型团体客车medium private bus.35. 大型客车large bus.36. 大型城市客车large city bus.37. 大型长途客车large intercity bus.38. 大型旅游客车large sightseeing bus. 39. 大型团体客车large private bus.40. 特大型客车extra bus.41. 铰接客车articulated bus.42. 双层客车doubledeck bus.43. 轿车passenger car.44. 微型轿车minicar .45. 普通级轿车subcompact car.46. 中级轿车compact car.47. 中高级轿车intermediate car.48. 高级轿车limousine car.49. 半挂车semitrailer.50. 轻型半挂车light semitrailer.51. 中型半挂车medium semitrailer.52. 重型半挂车heavy semitrailer.53. 超重型半挂车extra heavy semitrailer.二、 车辆质量GB/T 3730.2921. 底盘干质量chassis dry mass;2. 底盘整备质量chassis kerb mass;3. 底盘与驾驶室干质量chassis and cab dry mass;4. 底盘与驾驶室整备质量chassis and cab kerb mass;5. 整车干质量complete vehicle dry mass;6. 整车整备质量complete vehicle kerb mass;7. 最大总质量maximum total mass;8. 厂定最大总质量maximum manufacturers total mass;9. 允许最大总质量maximum authorized total mass;10. 最大装载质量maximum laden mass; 11. 厂定最大装载质量maximum manufacturers laden mass; 12. 允许最大装载质量maximum authorized laden mass;13. 最大轴载质量maximum axle laden mass;14. 厂定最大轴载质量maximum manufacturers axle laden mass;15. 允许最大轴载质量maximum authorized axle laden mass;16. 最大拖挂质量maximum towed mass;17. 厂定最大拖挂质量manufacturers maximum towed mass;18. 允许最大拖挂质量authorized maximum towed mass;19. 汽车列车最大总质量maximum total mass of train;20. 汽车列车厂定最大总质量maximum manufacturers total mass of train;21. 汽车列车允许最大总质量maximum authorized total mass of train;22. 铰接车最大总质量maximum of an articulated vehicle;三、 车辆尺寸GB/T 3730.3921. 车长vehicle length;2. 汽车长motor vehicle length;3. 全挂车长full trailer length;4. 半挂车长semi- trailer length;5. 车宽vehicle width;6. 车高(无装载质量) vehicle height(unladen);7. 轴距wheel space;8. 汽车及全挂车轴距motor vehicle or full trailer wheel space;9. 半挂车轴距semi-trailer wheel space;10. 轮距track;11. 前悬front overhang;12. 后悬rear overhang;13. 最小离地间隙ground clearance;14. 纵向通过角ramp angle;15. 接近角approach angle;16. 离去角departure angle;17. 车架高度height of chassis above ground:18. 驾驶室后车架最大可用长度(带驾驶室的车辆) maximum usable length of chassis behind cab(vehicle with cab);19. 车身长度bodywork length;20. 轿车和客车车身长bodywork length of passenger car and bus;21. 带有驾驶室的底盘上的车身长度bodywork length of chassis with drivers cab;22. 车箱(厢)内部最大尺寸maximum internal dimensions of body;23. 牵引架长draw gear length;24. 牵引杆长drawbar length ;25. 牵引装置的位置position of towing attachment;26. 牵引装置高度height of towing attachment;27. 牵引装置前置距distance of towing attachment in front of rear of vehicle;28. 牵引座前置距fifth-wheel lead;29. 长度计算用牵引座前置距fifth-wheel lead for calculation of length;30. 质量分配计算用牵引座前置距fifth-wheel lead for calculation of mass distribution;31. 牵引座结合高度height of coupling face;32. 牵引装置至车辆前端的距离distance between towing device and front end of towing vehicle;33. 牵引座牵引销孔至车辆前端的距离distance between fifth-wheel coupling pin and front end of towing vehicle;34. 半挂牵引车后回转半径rear fitting radius of semi-trailer towing vehicle;35. 半挂车间隙半径rear tractor clearance radius of semi-trailer;36. 半挂车前回转半径front fitting radius of semi-trailer;37. 车轮外倾camber angle;38. 主销内倾kingpin inclination;39. 主销偏移距kingpin offset;40. 前束toe-in;41. 主销后倾距castor;42. 车轮铅垂动行程vertical clearance of wheel;43. 车轮提升高度lift of wheel;44. 转弯直径turning circle diameters;45. 转弯通道圆turning clearance circles.四、 轿车车身术语JB365384(一)、设计术语1. 车身body; body assembly.2. 车身本体body shell; main body.3. 车身机构mechanical hard ware of body.4. 车身覆盖件cover panel; body outer panel.5. 车身结构件structural member; body structure.6. 非承载式车身body chassis frame construction; separate frame construction.7. 承载式车身unitary construction body; unit body construction; integral body; panel structure body.8. 折背式车身pontoon type; notch back body; threebox type body.9. 直背式车身fast back body; twobox type body.10. 舱背式车身hatch back body; twobox type body.11. 短背式车身cutoff back body; twobox type body.12. 客厢passenger compartment.13. 发动机舱engine compartment.14. 行李箱trunk; luggage compartment; luggage hold.15. 车身前部front body.16. 车身后部rear body.17. 车身底部under body.18. 车身侧部side body.19. 车身裙部skirt .20. 腰线waist line; belt line; door belt; fascia.21. 开缝线opening line.22. 轮口wheel opening; wheel arch.23. 脚部空间foot well.24. 内饰interior trimming.25. 外饰exterior trimming.26. 内饰件upholstery.27. 外饰件exterior trimming part.28. 车身附件body accessories.(二)、结构术语1. 板件pressing ; panel.2. 骨架件member.3. 支撑件brace.4. 加强件reinforcement; stiffness.5. 固定件stay.6. 角撑件gusset.7. 衬板patch.8. 罩housing.9. 盖lid.10. 支架support; supporter.11. 托架bracket.12. 挡板guard.13. 隔板retainer.14. 护板15. 衬垫pad.16. 槽gutter.17. 沟groove.18. 筋rid.19. 装饰条moulding.(五)、零部件名词1. 前翼板front fender; front wing.2. 发动机罩前支撑板front end panel; nose panel.3. 发动机罩engine hood bonnet.4. 发动机罩安全拉钩hood safety catch; hood safety lock; hood auxiliary catch; hook; hood secondary latch.5. 前裙板front valance panel; front skirt panel; front lower shroud; front bumper stone; reflector; fairing panel ; front apron.6. 散热器固定框radiator support; lamp support; shroud panel; front bulkhead; front baffle; deflector.7. 前挡泥板front fender apron; wheel apron; fender skirt; hood ledge .8. 前横梁front cross member; front cross rail.9. 前纵梁front side member; front side rail.; front side frame.10. 前围上盖板cowl top; cowl upper; shroud upper panel; front panel.11. 前围板dash panel; dash board; toe board; fire wall.12. 前围侧板cowl side panel; dash side; shroud side.13. 后围上盖板upper back panel; rear waist panel; back window lower panel; rear deck panel.14. 后围板rear end panel; lower back panel; rear skirt panel.15. 行李箱盖trunk lid; rear compartment lid; luggage compartment door; deck lid; boot lid.16. 后窗窗台shelf panel; package tray panel; parcel shelf panel; rear shelf; rear luggage shelf panel.17. 地板floor pan ; floor panel; floor board.18. 后纵梁rear side member; floor side member; floor side rail ; rear floor side frame.19. 地板横梁floor cross member.20. 车轮档泥罩wheel housing panel.21. 顶盖roof panel; top.22. 上边梁roof rail.23. 顶盖横梁roof bow; roof panel member; roof panel reinforcement; roof panel reinforcement piece.24. 流水槽roof drip; roof drip channel; roof side drip rail; gutter channel.25. 前柱front pillar; front post; “A” pillar.26. 中柱center pillar; center post; “B” pillar.27. 后柱rear pillar; rear post; “C” pillar.28. 门槛side sill; rocker panel; sill panel.29. 后翼板rear fender; rear wing.30. 后门rear door.31. 前门front door.32. 背门back door; tail gate.33. 后顶盖侧板quarter panel.34. 地板通道floor tunnel.35. 仪表板fascia; instrument panel.36. 仪表罩instrument frame.37. 副仪表板console.38. 杂物箱glove box; glove compartment.39. 遮阳板sun visor .40. 后视镜rear view mirror; spotlight.41. 刮水器wiper.42. 风窗洗涤器washer.43. 车身悬置点jack up point.44. 保险杠bumper.45. 保险杠防撞块bumper guard.46. 保险杠联结板jointing plates of bumper.47. 保险杠托架bumper stay; bumper arm ; bumper bracket.48. 保险杠镶条bumper pad.49. 风窗玻璃front windshield glass; front screen; front windscreen.50. 后窗玻璃back window glass; back light; rear window glass.51. 后侧窗玻璃opera window glass.52. 后角窗玻璃quarter window glass.53. 前角窗玻璃door ventilation glass; antidraft ventilation glass.54. 中隔墙玻璃glass of the glass partition.55. 中隔墙 glass partition.56. 门窗框door window frame; door sash.57. 门锁door lock.58. 内锁提钮knob.59. 门外手柄door handle; outside door handle.60. 玻璃升降器window regulator.61. 门铰链door hinge.62. 门内手柄inside door handle.63. 助力撑杆gas spring.64. 门玻璃导轨glass run; glass run channel.65. 门密封条weather strip.66. 空调装置air conditioner; air conditioning equipment .67. 暖风装置heater.68. 冷气装置cooler ; cool air.69. 通风装置ventilation.70. 除霜装置defroster; demister ; deicer.71. 座椅seat.72. 靠枕head rest; head restrain.73. 肘靠armrest.74. 脚登foot rest.75. 折合座folding seat.76. 拉手77. 扶手hand grill.78. 安全带safety belt.79. 车轮装饰罩wheel disc; rim embellisher.80. 轮毂装饰罩hub embellisher.81. 车标mark; insignia; emblem.五、客车车身GB/T 1248490(一)、设计术语1. 车身body; body assembly.2. 车身本体body shell; main body.3. 车身骨架body frame; body skeleton.4. 车身覆盖件skin; cover panel.5. 车身结构件body structural member.6. 承载式车身unitary construction body; chassisless body; fullmonocoque body.7. 半承载式车身semiintegral body; semimonocoque body.8. 非承载式车身bodychassis frame construction; separate frame construction.9. 车身结构mechanical hardware of body; body mechanism.10. 车厢passenger compartment.11. 乘客区passenger zone.12. 驾驶区driver zone.13. 发动机舱engine compartment.14. 行李舱luggage compartment; luggage hold.15. 工具箱tool box.16. 蓄电池箱battery compartment.17. 行李架luggage rack; parcel rack; baggage holder.18. 行李梯luggage ladder.19. 座椅seat.20. 车身裙部body skirt.21. 轮口wheel arch.22. 开缝线opening line.23. 通道gang way.24. 内饰interior trim; upholstery.25. 外饰exterior trim.26. 车身附件body accessories.(二) 结构术语1. 板件panel.2. 蒙皮outer panel; skin .3. 护板fender; shield .4. 挡板baffle.5. 连接板connecting panel.6. 导流板flowguide; air deflector.7. 衬板patch.8. 加强件reinforcement; stiffener.9. 固定件stay; retainer; fixed part.10. 支撑件brace.11. 装饰件trimming; garnish; molding .12. 密封件weather strip ;sealing .13. 支架support; bracket.14. 衬垫pad; packing; gasket.15. 拉手handle.16. 扶手assist grip; handrail; banister.17. 铰链hinge.18. 立柱pillar; post.19. 梁rail ;beam.20. 罩housing. 21. 盖lid ; cap .22. 槽guide; grove.(三)、零部件1. 前围front wall.2. 前围骨架front wall frame; front wall skeleton.3. 前围立柱front wall pillar.4. 前围搁梁front wall shelf beam.5. 前围裙边梁front skirt rail.6. 前围蒙皮front wall outer panel; front wall skin.7. 前围护板front wall inner shield: front wall interior panel.8. 驾驶区搁板(栏)driver partition ;diver barrier panel.9. 前面罩radiator grille.10. 风窗框架windshield frame.11. 风窗中立柱windshield central post.12. 风窗框上横梁windshield header crossbar.13. 风窗框下横梁windshield cross sill.14. 风窗玻璃windscreen; windshield.15. 仪表板instrument panel; dashboard.16. 副仪表板auxiliary facia consolt .17. 仪表板护面dashboard facing.18. 保险杠bumper.19. 刮水器wiper.20. 风窗洗涤器washer; windscreen washer.21. 后视镜rearview mirror.22. 遮阳板(帘) sun visor .23. 发动机罩engine hood.24. 后围back wall; rear wall.25. 后围骨架rear wall frame; rear wall skeleton.26. 后围立柱rear wall pillar.27. 后围搁梁rear wall shelf beam.28. 后围裙边梁rear skirt rail.29. 后围蒙皮rear wall outer panel; rear wall skin.30. 后围护板rear wall inner shield: rear wall interior panel.31. 后窗框架 rear window frame.32. 后窗中立柱rear window central post.33. 后窗框上横梁rear window header crossbar.34. 后窗框下横梁rear window cross sill.35. 后窗玻璃rear window glass.36. 助力撑杆powerassisted brace gas spring.37. 侧围side wall.38. 侧围骨架side wall frame; side wall skeleton.39. 侧窗立柱side window pillar.40. 侧围立柱side wall pillar.41. 腰立柱waist pillar.42. 门立柱door pillar.43. 侧围蒙皮side wall outer panel; side wall skin.44. 侧围护板side wall inner shield: side wall interior panel.45. 侧窗side window.46. 侧窗框side window frame.47. 侧窗玻璃side window glass.48. 侧窗锁side window lock.49. 上边梁roof side rail.50. 腰梁waist rail.51. 侧围搁梁side wall shelf beam.52. 侧围裙边梁side skirt rail.53. 斜撑bracing piece.54. 轮罩wheelhouse; wheel arch.55. 翼板wing; fen