2019_2020学年高中英语单元综合检测1（含解析）北师大版选修8.docx

单元综合检测(一).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)APeople living in the UK take quite a few holidays abroad and in the country each year. Choices made about where to go, how to get there and what to do can either benefit or harm the environment.While on holidayMany of the things you can do to the greener on holiday will be the same things you can do at homebut there are also some extra things too，like avoiding gifts made from endangered plants and animals. Here are some suggestions：Making the most of locally produced food and drink，and local activities and attractions will support people in the area you are visiting and reduce the need for further environmental influence from transport.Switching off any airconditioning, heating and lights will help reduce climate change effect.Save watersome countries suffer from water shortages and saving water can help avoid damage to our natural habitats.Endangered speciesSome gifts and foods available in some countries can be made from endangered plants or animals.Check before you buy, but if you doubt, avoid animal and plant gifts. More details of the types of products to avoid any illegal trade hotspots can be found on the Souvenir Alert webpage.Making a positive contribution to the place you are visitingThere are ways in which your holiday can help support local people and the environment.There are many opportunities to volunteer and help with projects that conserve and improve natural habitats.When you are away, or if you are looking for somewhere to visit，you can support projects or attractions which protect wildlife, such as nature reserves and conservation projects.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了旅游时必须做到保护环境、保护野生动物。1According to the passage，we can to help reduce climate change effect.Amake good use of waterBbuy local food and drinkCsave electricityDgo around on footC细节理解题。根据While on holiday中的“Switching off any airconditioning，heating and lights will help reduce climate change effect.”可知，减少气候变化影响可以从节约用电着手。2We should check the gifts and foods before buying because Asometimes they are of poor qualityBthey may not be typical local productsCsome of them will do harm to our healthDthey may be made from endangered animals or plantsD细节理解题。根据Endangered species部分的第一、二句可知，答案为D。3We can infer from the passage that Ait is not easy for people to travel abroadBnot everyone can tell an illegal souvenirCgreen holidays have been accepted by peopleDvolunteer work is a must for protecting natural habitatsB推理判断题。根据常识并结合Endangered species部分中的第二句“.but if you doubt，avoid animal and plant gifts.”可知，并不是每个人都能辨别非法纪念品。BSince the first Earth Day in 1970, Americans have gotten a lot “greener” toward the environment. “We didnt know at that time that there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it，”says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day USA.But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement. Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass roots Americans are taking part in the movement. “The understanding has increased many, many times，”says Gaylord Nelson, the former governor from Wisconsinwho thought up the first Earth Day.According to US government reportsemissions(排放) from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 million tons. The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9. Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with, the world is a safer and healthier place. A kind of “green thinking” has become part of practices.Great improvement has been achieved. In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programs；today in 1995 there are about 6，600. Advanced lights, motors, and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution.Twentyfive years ago, there were hardly any education programs for environment. Today, its hard to find a public school, university, or law school that does not have such a kind of program. “Until we do thatnothing else will change！” says Bruce Anderson.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了环保意识在美国从无到有，逐渐增强，环保教育势在必行。4According to Anderson, before 1970, Americans had little idea about Athe social movementBrecycling techniquesCenvironmental problemsDthe importance of Earth DayC细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“We didnt know at that time that there even was an environment，let alone that there was a problem with it”可知，1970年以前美国人对环境问题所知甚少。5Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?AThe grassroots level.BThe business circle.CGovernment officials.DUniversity professors.A细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“especially millions of grass roots Americans are taking part in the movement”可知，数以百万计的草根美国人才是支持环保的中流砥柱。6What have Americans achieved in environmental protection?AThey have cut car emissions to the lowest.BThey have settled their environmental problems.CThey have lowered their CO levels in forty cities.DThey have reduced pollution through effective measures.D推理判断题。根据第三段所列举的那些数字可知，美国人采取了有效措施，污染问题大为缓解。7What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph?AEducation.BPlanning.CGreen living.DCO reduction.A推理判断题。根据最后一段内容推断，环保意识教育至关重要。另外，“education programs for environment”是提示。CI was never very neat, while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled(贴标签) everything. I always looked for everything. Over time, Kate got neater and I got messier. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other.War broke out one evening. Kate came into the room. Soon, I heard her screaming, “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed！” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me. I jumped to my feet and started yelling. She yelled back louder.The room was filled with anger. We could not have stayed together for a single minute without a phone call. Kate answered it. From her end of the conversation, I could tell right away her grandma was seriously ill. When she hung up, she quickly crawled(爬) under her covers, weeping. Obviously, that was something she should not go through alone. All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart, slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept the floor, even on her side. I got so into my won that I even didnt noticed Kate had sat up. She was watching, her tears dried and her expression one of disbelief. Then, she reached out her hands to grasp mine. I looked up into her eyes. She smiled at me. “Thanks.”Kate and I stayed roommates for the rest of the year. We didnt always agree, but we learned the key to living together: giving in，cleaning up and holding on.【语篇解读】作者与室友生活习惯迥异，冲突在所难免。在室友遭遇悲痛之时，作者以实际行动表达自己的同情，从而达成和好。作者从中懂得一个道理：让步、整理房间和坚持是处理室友关系的关键。8What made Kate angry one evening?AShe couldnt find her books.BShe heard the author shouting loud.CShe got the news that her grandma was ill.DShe saw the authors shoes beneath her bed.D细节理解题。从第二段I heard her screaming.“Take your shoes away! Why under my bed！” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me等句可知，室友生气是因为作者乱丢乱放的鞋子，故选择D。9The author tidied up the room most probably because Ashe was scared by Kates angerBshe hated herself for being so messyCshe wanted to show her careDshe was asked by Kate to do soC推理推断题。从第三段All of a sudden，a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart.一句可知，作者整理房间是出于对室友悲伤的同情而表达自己的关切，故选择C。10How is Paragraph 1 mainly developed?ABy analyzing causes.BBy showing differences.CBy describing a process.DBy following time order.B细节理解题。根据第一段Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled(贴标签) everything. I always looked for everything. Over time, Kate got neater and I got messier. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. So we both got tired of each other.可知讲的是作者与室友在日常习惯上的种种差异，故选择B。11What might be the best title for the story?AMy Friend KateBHard Work Pays OffCHow to Be OrganizedDLearning to Be RoommatesD主旨大意题。文章最后作者表达了自己叙述这个故事的意图：就是懂得了与室友相处的关键，故选择D。DMost earthquakes occur within the upper 15 miles of the earths surface. But earthquakes can and do happen at all depths to about 460 miles. Their number decreases as the depth increases. At about 460 miles one earthquake happens only every few years.The extent of the disaster in an earthquake depends on many factors. If you carefully build a toy house with an erect set (竖直的底座), it will still stand no matter how much you shake the table. But if you build a toy house with a pack of cards, a slight shake of the table will make it fall. An earthquake in AgadirMorocco, was not a strong earthquake, but it completely destroyed the city. Many stronger earthquakes have done comparatively little damage. If a building is well constructed and built on solid ground, it will resist an earthquake and do little damage. Most deaths in earthquakes have been due to wrong building construction or poor building sites. A third and very serious factor is panic. When people rush out into narrow streets，more deaths will result.There is one type of earthquake disaster that little can be done about. This is the disaster caused by seismic sea waves, or tsunamis. In certain areas, earthquakes take place beneath the sea and cause great sea waves. The waves are not noticeable out at sea because of their long wave length. But when they roll into harbors，they pile up into walls of water 6 to 60 feet high.The Japanese call them “tsunamis”， meaning “harbor waves”， because they reach a sizable height only in harbors.Tsunamis travel fairly slowly，at speeds up to 500 miles an hour. An adequate warning system is in use to warn all shores likely to be reached by the waves. But this only enables people to leave the threatened shores for higher ground. There is no way to stop the oncoming wave.【语篇解读】本文介绍了地震的危害以及影响地震危害的3个因素，最后提及了地震和海啸之间的关系。12Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the passage?AThe number of earthquakes is closely related to depth.BWrong building construction can cause more damage in an earthquake.CEarthquakes are impossible at depths over 460 miles.DEarthquakes are most likely to occur near the surfaces.C推理判断题。由第一段可推知A、D两项正确；由第二段可知B项表述正确；根据第一段第二句“But earthquakes can and do happen at all depths to about 460 miles.”可知，C项不正确，故选C项。13The destruction of Agadir is an example of Awrong building constructionBan earthquakes strengthCwidespread panic in earthquakesDineffective instrumentsA细节理解题。此例子是对第二段第三句的举例说明，根据“But if you build a toy house with a pack of cards，a slight shake of the table will make it fall.”可知，答案为A项。14Most deaths in earthquakes may be caused by Aconstructing strong buildingsBpoor building structure or sitesCpanic of the peopleDboth B and CD细节理解题。根据第二段最后三句可知，B、C两项都是造成地震中大多数人死亡的因素，故答案为D项。15The importance of the slow speed of tsunamis is that people may Anotice them out at seaBfind ways to stop themCbe warned early enoughDdevelop warning systemsC推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句可知，如果海啸来得比较慢，人们可以提前得到预警。.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)Ecotourism 16 It is a new term in todays tourism industry. But in an age of growing environmental awareness，it is not too difficult for us to imagine and understand this new form of holiday.Ecotourism, which is considered as a kind of responsible tourism, is typically defined as travel to places where special and unusual plants, animals and cultural heritages are the main attractions. 17 Therefore, programs concerning the protection of some natural and cultural spots also form a part of ecotourism.Ecotourism is developing at great speed. According to a recent report by the World Tourism Organization, ecotourism in recent years has enjoyed an annual growth of about 5% worldwide. 18 They include bird watching, hiking, diving, photography and taking part in various kinds of local cultural events.If you love communicating with nature, conserving the environment or improving the lives of people then ecotourism is an excellent way to see new and exciting places. 19 However, it looks like some smaller towns and country areas may well become the new destinations for people to visit tomorrow because they are rich in ecological, cultural and historical resources.Ecotourism has been gaining increasing recognition and popularity mainly for the relaxing, natural and vivid experience it offers to tourists. People are attracted to nature and long to be close to it. However, a conflict between nature and human beings is unavoidable. 20 AThe definition of ecotourism is beyond words.BIt takes ecology and culture into consideration.CYou may not be very familiar with “ecotourism”DMore than 80 activities have been listed for ecotourism.EPeople can have great fun enjoying nature through ecotourism.FBig cities are still the major places that attract tourists in our society today.GHow to protect natural resources while taking advantage of them is of great importance.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章给我们解释了“生态旅游”的含义及其发展，并指出在发展生态旅游的同时，我们还要注意保护环境。16C本段引出文章的话题，由下文中“It is a new term.understand this new form of holiday”及全文围绕“ecotourism”展开可知此处选C。17B由后一句可知，生态环境的保护和文化的保护是结合在一起的，故选B。18D本段讲述生态旅游发展速度很快。空格后一句列出了几个生态旅游的活动，故选D。19F后文讲述小城镇和农村地区也可能在未来成为游客的目的地，however表示前后为转折关系，根据语境可知只有F符合此处文意。20G本段重点讲述了生态旅游越来越被人们所认可，但人和自然界之间的冲突是不可避免的，该冲突就是在保护自然资源和利用自然资源中产生的，故选G。.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)Many people simply follow others, blindly comparing the lifestyles. That is to say, they are not living their life in the way it was truly meant to be lived. Every person has a reason to live on this Earth. Every life has its 21 which has to be fulfilled. Take any activity, be it a profession, a job, a career etc., and youll find its specific to you alone. We should not follow others 22 . We have to leave our own mark behind. We have to walk our own 23 Some people make 24 for their failures by 25 blaming others from whom they have borrowed the 26 or advice. Its clear that 27 taking inspiration from others is the best 28 to adopt while accomplishing an activity, following the advisers each step will wipe out our identity altogether.Each human being has his or her own 29 character and abilities. They have certain 30 . These qualities make every person 31 separately in the world. So each one has his or her own 32 to live to the end, his or her destiny(命运) to 33 Many people around us make a lot of noise, spreading their countless ideas and advice. One thing that is freely 34 in the world is “offering advice to others”. So dont be 35 by too many ideas or too much advice from others.Every person with his or her own strength and intelligence can 36 their desired goals. They can bring at least a small 37 to this world.Each one has to listen to their inner being which always 38 us in a subtle manner.It speaks very clearly through the silence. 39 the advice of your inner voice.It leads us even in the darkness. 40 its help，you can achieve a remarkable victory.So walk your own path.【语篇解读】本文是议论文。在生活中能吸取别人的灵感和妙计是很好的，但是我们不应该盲目跟随他人，要听从自己内心的声音，走自己的路。21A.purposeBresponsibilityCpromiseDorderA由该空后的“which has to be fulfilled”可知，每个生命都有他必须要实现的人生“目的(purpose)”。22A.quicklyBfaithfullyCblindlyDimmediatelyC由上文中的“blindly comparing the lifestyles”可知，我们不应该“盲目地(blindly)”跟随他人。23A.stepBpathCpaceDdistanceB由下文中的“So walk your own path”可知，此处指我们必须走自己的“路(path)。”24A.mistakesBreasonsCexcusesDwishesC由下文中的“blaming others”可知，一些人为自己的失败找“借口(excuses)”。25A.hardlyBrightlyCslightlyDsimplyD他们把自己的失败“仅仅(simply)”归咎于别人。26A.wordsBargumentsCideasDconceptsC由下文中的“taking inspiration from others”可知，他们从别人那里借来“想法(idea)”和建议。27A.althoughBifCwhenDforA上下文之间表示让步关系，故用“尽管(although)”。28A.styleBhabitCmethodDmannerC由上文中的“taking inspiration from others”以及下文中的“to adopt”可知，从别人鱼上得到灵感是最好的“方法(method)”。29A.specificBseriousCpoliticalDstrangeA由文中的描述可知，每个人都有自己“独特的(specific)”性格和能力。30A.attitudesBvoicesCbehaviorsDqualitiesD由上文中的“character and abilities”以及下文中的“These qualities”可知，每个人都有特定的“品质(qualities)”。31A.stand outBbreak downCcatch onDshow offA这些品质让每个人在这个世界上“脱颖而出(stand out)”。32A.storyBdreamCimaginationDpainB由该句中的live和destiny可知，每个人都有自己要实现的“梦想(dream)”和要“达到(reach)”的命运33A.avoidBescapeCshapeDreachD参见上题解析。34A.suitableBreliableCavailableDhonorableC由上文中的“Many people around us make a lot of noise，spreading their countless ideas and advice”可知，“给别人建议”是人们可以“随时做到的(freely available)”。35A.turned downBcarried awayCbeaten offDcheered upB由该空后的“by too many ideas or too much advice from others”可知，不要被别人的想法和建议“左右(carried away)”。36A.achieveBsetCdeclareDcreateA由该空后的“their desired goals”可知，每个有自己长处和智慧的人都能“实现(achieve)”自己渴望的目标。37A.taskBchanceCpityDchangeD他们至少可以给这个世界带来一点小小的“变化(change)”。38A.controlsBguidesCteachesDexcitesB由下文中的“It leads us even in the darkness”可知，我们内心的声音会用一种微妙的方式“指引(guide)”我们。39A.OfferBIgnoreCReceiveDFollowD由文中的描述可知，此处指“遵从(Follow)”你内心的声音。40A.InBWithCByDBeyondB“有(With)”它的帮助，你可以取得显著的成功。.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)Chinas industrial output is expected to rise by around 6.5 percent this year, marking the best 41._ (perform) since 2010，42._ the Made in China 2025 strategy (策略) helps to raise productivity and revenue (税收)The increa