咨询公司PPT模板科尔尼.ppt

May 2002 Off SiteTrainingDocument FromDataToCharts Thispresentationstemsfromtwousefulbooks SayitwithCharts TheExecutive sGuidetoVisualCommunication FourthEdition GeneZelasny McGraw Hill 2001 SayitwithPresentations HowtoDesignandDeliverSuccessfulBusinessPresentations GeneZelasny McGraw Hill 2000 Agenda SomehealthyhabitsChoosingchartsUsingchartsVisualconceptsandmetaphors SomeHealthyHabits Cashflowfromoperationsisincreasingfast CFOP Cashflowfromoperations CFINV Cashflowfrominvestingactivities CFLiability CFEquity CashflowfromfinancingactivitiesSource A T KearneyAnalysis CashFlowStatement2000 2010 in thousand Cashflowfromoperationsisincreasingfast Thousand Year 8 100 11 980 Japan IndustrializedSocialist DevelopingSocialist DevelopingCountries France WestGermany U K Brazil Canada U S A Projectedmarketdemandforourproduct bycountry 2001 2010US millions Growthismainlydrivenbydevelopingcountries PercentAnnualGrowth 4 4 3 5 3 4 6 6 0 7 1 7 1 5 1 0 2 9 9 0 6 5 4 0 3 5 OtherWesternCountries Italy Growthismainlywithindevelopingcountries PercentageAnnualGrowth 2001 2010 9 6 6 6 5 3 4 IncludingJapanandWesternEurope Healthyhabitschecklist AvoidInformationOverload Keepchartssimple noanxiousparadeofknowledgeUseonlyonemessageperchartShowyourmessage notyouranalyticalprocess Description Impact Probability Proximity Currentdemandforecastingmethodologyhassomekeyweaknesses whichmeanthattheforecastsgeneratedunder estimatethelevelofinterestthatthePromotionCampaignisexpectedtogenerate D D D Priority H Broadbanddemandishigherthancurrentforecastsindicatebecause TheimpactofadvertisingondemanddoesnotscalewithsizeandbreadthofcampaignFOHandBOHestimatesareunderestimatedLevelofunderlyingdemandisnotwellunderstoodbecause1 forecastsusedforoperationsplanningareADSLspecificwhilethecampaignisbroadbandfocusedand2 demandisonlyforecastforADSLenabledexchangesIfbroadbanddemandisnotconfirmedandproposedP Acampaignadjustedtoreflectthis underestimateddemandatlaunchwillresultin ReducedcustomersatisfactionReducedcustomerservicelevelsIncreasedandunanticipatedreviewofservicedeliverybudgeting e g callcentrestaffingandtraining Context Impact ReviseADSLdemandforecastingmethodologytoaddresskeyissuesAbovethelineimpactadvertisingimpactonmarketsizeBelowthelineadvertisingforecastingAgreenewFOHandBOHenquiry salesconversionratioswithservicedeliveryteamandincorporateintodemandmodelOncechangesareincorporated buildinnewreportstoassesslevelofBroadbanddemandgeneratedandtoidentifyincrementalimpactsofproposedcampaignDeveloparevisedP Acampaignscopewhich Ensuressizeandbreadthofpromotioncampaigninconsistentwithorganisationcapabilitytodeliver MitigationStrategy Timeframe 15Sept22Sept Resp StarTelBusinessCaseCo ordinatorStarTelBusinessCaseCo ordinator StarTelFOHStarTelBusinessCaseCo ordinator StarTelMarketingManagerStarTelMarketingManager Mitigationstrategiestookthefollowingform Minimumlegiblefontsizedependsonscreenwidthanddistancefromscreen Healthyhabitschecklist AvoidInformationOverload Keepchartssimple noanxiousparadeofknowledgeUseonlyonemessageperchartShowyourmessage notyouranalyticalprocess MakeChartsForPresentations notReports Usefontsize16ormore Writeshortsentenceswithactionverbs nobedtimestoriesHighlightkeywords e g bold color 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 US Millions 1 2 1 8 0 9 2 0 2 9 3 4 Ourcompany ssalestrends 1996 2001 Oursaleshavegrownsubstantiallysince1996 inspiteofthedeclinein1998 US Millions Comparisonof2001returnoninvestmentbycompany In2001 ourcompanyranksfirstinreturnoninvestment Marketsharetrends bycompany 1996 2001 MarketShare 1996 OurCompany CompetitorC CompetitorB CompetitorD CompetitorA MarketShare 2001 Ourcompany smarketsharehasimprovedsince1996 OurCompany CompetitorC CompetitorB CompetitorD CompetitorA 96 01 96 01 96 01 96 01 96 01 50 8Yes PercentageofTotal 100 16 Resultsofrecentopinionpollof16topmanagementexecutives 12 5 37 5 2Undecided 6No Shouldthepoliticalandsocialclimateofdevelopingcountriesinfluenceourdecisiontoexpandintothismarket Source Recentopinionpollof16topmanagementexecutives Lessismore NumberofchartsDensityofinformation ConfusionBoredomDay dreaming Healthyhabitschecklist AvoidInformationOverload Keepchartssimple noanxiousparadeofknowledgeUseonlyonemessageperchartShowyourmessage notyouranalyticalprocess MakeChartsForPresentations notreports Usefontsize16ormore Writeshortsentenceswithactionverbs nobedtimestoriesHighlightkeywords e g bold color EnsurePowerfulCommunication PicktherightrepresentationtohighlightyourmessageUsemeaningfulleadsRememberthanlessismore Meaningfulleadschecklist Sentence includingverb thatdescribesthekeymessage notthedata Example Ourmarketshareisgrowing not Marketsharetrendsbycompany Leadisonelinelongatmaximum Leadexplainsthemessagefromdata butdoesnotfilldatagaps ChoosingCharts Thereare3stepstochoosingcharts 1 DetermineYourMessage 2 IdentifyTheComparison 3 SelectTheChartForm Itiskeytofirstbeclearaboutthespecificpointyouwanttomake 1 DetermineYourMessage 2 IdentifyTheComparison 3 SelectTheChartForm ThedatadoesnotdeterminethechartRather itisyourmessage whatyouwanttoshow thespecificpointyouwanttomake WorkProject1 Onthefollowingpages youwillfindtabulardataonthenetsales earningsbeforeinterestandtaxes andreturnonassetsover10yearsforsevenmajorU S bookpublishers AssumeMacmillanisourclient Onthenextpage writealistof10possiblemessagesthedatamightyield baseduponyouranalysisofthedata Don tworrywhetherornotthemessagesareaccurate Asyouwritethemessages keepinmindtheseword ShareRankTrendDistributionRelationship PublishingIndustry 1970 1980 NetSales Millions 1970231 6134 161 059 3400 3394 8128 31 409 4 1971256 5142 065 664 5386 6404 9134 71 454 8 1972292 6163 669 071 4393 9430 1144 11 564 7 1973317 5176 972 581 2420 4470 3153 21 692 0 1974252 2204 682 589 3466 6510 4176 11 781 7 1975248 7241 389 797 1477 3536 5194 01 884 6 1976247 0270 493 2108 7493 4589 8209 62 012 1 1977221 4371 1114 4124 4512 7659 0230 62 233 6 1978242 8413 3137 1146 2553 5761 2254 92 509 0 1979278 4456 2167 1158 3529 8879 9281 62 751 3 1980312 7504 0170 2163 9566 01 000 1353 43 070 3 Grolier Inc HarcourtBraceJovanovichHarper RowPublishers Inc HoughtonMifflinCo MacmillianInc McGrawHillInc PrenticeHallInc Total PublishingIndustry 1970 1980 Cont d Earnings BeforeInterestandTaxes Millions 197030 316 03 87 922 543 430 0153 9 197129 216 94 58 524 440 031 2154 7 197228 218 65 39 331 847 134 0174 3 197329 521 15 712 939 460 936 5206 0 1974 30 624 36 712 139 166 536 8154 9 19757 830 98 014 135 171 839 0206 7 1976 50 733 89 916 241 387 639 0177 1 197716 142 011 219 547 5109 746 7292 7 197817 149 69 426 254 2134 252 9343 6 197919 254 614 127 439 3157 752 1364 4 198029 455 815 519 534 2179 064 3397 7 Grolier Inc HarcourtBraceJovanovichHarper RowPublishers Inc HoughtonMifflinCo MacmillianInc McGrawHillInc PrenticeHallInc Total PublishingIndustry 1970 1980 Cont d ReturnOnAssets PercentEarningsBeforeInterestAndTaxesAsaPercentofTotalAssets 19708 615 76 514 55 412 630 1 19717 315 17 714 76 011 428 3 19726 014 88 614 57 910 930 0 19735 816 59 016 89 513 830 3 19747 615 549 815 358 414 927 1 1975 2 518 711 216 27 815 825 7 1976 21 713 411 917 08 318 222 8 19776 714 112 218 59 020 026 2 19786 715 86 323 19 621 826 8 19797 015 79 621 58 221 219 4 198010 214 911 314 48 022 821 7 Grolier Inc HarcourtBraceJovanovichHarper RowPublishers Inc HoughtonMifflinCo MacmillianInc McGrawHillInc PrenticeHallInc Messages 1 6 2 7 3 8 4 9 5 10 Thesecondstepistoidentifythecomparisonincludedinthemessage 1 DetermineYourMessage 2 IdentifyTheComparison 3 SelectTheChartForm ComponentItemTimeseriesFrequencydistributionCorrelation DefinitionofComparison ExampleofMessage Anymessagealwaysleadstooneoffivebasickindsofcomparisons 1of2 TimeSeries Component Item Showsthesizeofeachpartsaspercentageoftotal InMay ProductAaccountedforthelargestshareoftotalcompanysalesClientshareofmarketin2001islessthan10percentoftheindustryTwosourcescontributedalmosthalfoftotalcorporatefunds Compareshowthingsrank aretheythesame more orlessthanothers InMay salesofProductAexceededthoseofProductsBandCClient sreturnonsalesranksfourthTurnoverratesinthesixdepartmentsareaboutequal Showshowthingschangeovertime whetherthetrendsareincreasing decreasing fluctuating orremainingconstant SaleshaverisensteadilysinceJanuaryReturnoninvestmenthasdecreasedsharplyoverthepastfiveyearsInterestrateshavefluctuatedoverthepastsevenquarters DefinitionofComparison ExampleofMessage Anymessagealwaysleadstooneoffivebasickindsofcomparisons 2of2 FrequencyDistribution Correlation Showshowmanyitemsfallintoaseriesofprogressivenumericalranges e g howmanyemployeesearnlessthan 30 000 howmanypeoplearebetween10and20 20and30 etc InMay mostsaleswereinthe 1 000to 2 000rangeThemajorityofshipmentsaredeliveredinfivetosixdaysTheagedistributionofcompanyemployeesdifferssharplyfromthatofourcompetitor Showswhethertherelationshipbetweentwovariablesdoesordoesnotfollowapatternyouwouldnormallyexpect SalesperformanceinMayshowsnorelationshipbetweensalesandthesalesperson sexperienceChiefexecutiveofficercompensationdoesnotvarywithsizeofcompanySizeofpolicyincreaseswithpolicyholderincome Meaning TypicalKeywords Eachcomparisonusuallyinvolvesasetoftypicalkeywords Share percentageoftotal accountsforXpercent halfoftotal Percentageofatotal Component Ranks largerthan smallerthan equalto Rankingofitems Item Trend change grow rise decline increase decrease fluctuate Changesovertime TimeSeries XtoYrange concentration frequency distribution occurrence center Itemswithinranges FrequencyDistribution Relatedto increaseswith decreaseswith changes varieswith correlated Relationshipbetweenvariables Correlation WorkProject2 Themessagesshownonthenexttwopagesarebasedonactualanalysisofthepublishingindustrydata Pleaseidentifythecomparison ordualcomparison indicatedbyeachmessage In1970 thetopthreecompaniesgenerated73 oftotalindustrysales Macmillanaccountedfor18 oftotalindustrysalesin1980 Macmillansaleshaverisen41 since1970 Themajorityofcompaniesareconcentratedinthe10 to20 shareofsalesrange In1970 Macmillanaccountedforalmost16 ofindustryearnings in1980 itaccountedforonly9 Since1970 Macmillan sreturnonassetshasnotkeptpacewiththatoftheindustryasawhole Messages Comparisons WorkProject2 1of2 7 Macmillanhadthelowestreturnonassetsofanycompetitorin1980 Thereisnorelationshipbetweenshareofindustrysalesandreturnonassetsin1980 In1980 fourofthesevencompanieshadreturnonassetsbetween10 and20 Macmillan searningshavenotkeptpacewiththeindustry ssince1978 MacmillanandHoughtonMifflinwerethetwocompanieswithearningsdeclinesbetween1979and1982 In1980 Macmillanaccountedfor18 oftotalindustrysales butonly9 ofearnings 7 Messages Comparisons WorkProject2 2of2 Thefinalstepistoselecttherightchartform 1 DetermineYourMessage 2 IdentifyTheComparison 3 SelectTheChartForm PiechartBarchartColumnchartLinechartDotchart Therearefivebasicchartformstoplotdata ThePieChart TheBarChart TheColumnChart TheLineChart TheDotChart Everydatachartiscomposedofoneormoreofthefivebasischartform Allbasictypesofchartsarefrequentlyused Eachchartformisbestequippedtoillustrateoneoffivecomparisons KindsofComparison BasicChartForms Component Item TimeSeries Frequency Correlation Pie Bar Column Line Dot Usingcharts Howtochartdifferentcomparisons ComponentcomparisonItemcomparisonTimeseriescomparisonFrequencydistributioncomparisonCorrelationcomparison CompanyA CompanyAhasthesmallestshareofindustrysales CompanyB CompanyC CompanyD Nomorethansixcomponents use others category Positionthemostimportantcomponentagainstthe12o clockline orrankcomponentsbydecreasingsizeclockwiseEmphasizemostimportantcomponentwithcolor shading Design Productdesignaccountsforlessthan10 oftotalcost Manufacturing Sales Service Becreativetoaddemphasis Distribution 10 oftheemployeesunder30yearshavepostgraduatedegrees TotalEmployees100 UseinconjunctionwithbarchartsAvoidingusingtoomanypiecharts Over30years Under30years 100 Highschoolgraduate Collegegraduate Post graduate Ourlabeldistributionisdifferentfromtheirs Whencomparingcomponents definitelyusebarchartsratherthanpiecharts us LabelC LabelB LabelA them Total LabelA LabelB LabelC LabelA LabelB LabelC Poor Preferred Totalus Totalthem Howtochartdifferentcomparisons ComponentcomparisonItemcomparisonTimeseriescomparisonFrequencydistributioncomparisonCorrelationcomparison Client sreturnonsalesranksfourth Useascaleornumbers notbothRound outfiguresUsecolortoemphasize Therearesixvariationsofthebarchartform Adeviationbarchart distinguishestheprofitwinnersfromthelosers Aslidingbarchart showsthedifferentmixoftwocomponents e g percentageofimportsversuspercentageofexports Arangebarchart showsthespreadbetweenlowandhighamounts e g rangeofdiscounts Apairedbarchart showsthecorrelationbetweentwoitems e g growthofmarketversusshareofmarket Agroupedbarchart Comparesvariousaspectsofthesameitem e g withandwithoutdiscount Asubdividedbarchart showsthecomponentsthatmakeupthetotal Usethem Althoughtotalfringebenefitsvary profitsharingisthelargestportioninallindustries Profitsharing Otherbenefits Productmixvariesbyarea A B C Products Ourcompanyisabovetheaverageinbothcategoriesofsales CategoryA CategoryB Average Howtochartdifferentcomparisons ComponentcomparisonItemcomparisonTimeseriescomparisonFrequencydistributioncomparisonCorrelationcomparison Client sreturnonsalesranksfourth Usecolumnchartforsmallsetofdatapointsiflargeset uselinechart Millions Therearefivealternativestocolumncharts Thedeviationcolumnchartdistinguishes say theprofit makingyearsfromthelosingone Therangecolumnchartshowsthespreadbetweenlowandhighamounts likethebarometricperformanceofthestockmarket Thegroupedcolumnchart withcolumnseitherbuttingagainstoneanotheroroverlapping comparestwoitemsateachpointintimeandshowshowtherelationshipschangeovertime e g dollarswithinflationanddiscountedforinflation Thesubdividedcolumnchartshowshowthecomponentscontributingtothetotalvaryovertime e g salaryplusfringebenefitsaddingtototalcompensation Thestep columnchartleavesnospacebetweenthecolumnsandisbestusedtoshowdatathatchangeabruptlyatirregularintervals suchaspersonnelceilingsorcapacity Usethem Projectedgrowthappearsunrealisticinlightofperformanceoverpast7years Withtoomanydatapoints uselinechartsCanaddemphasis suchasareashading Millions Projected Whenusinglinecharts avoidtoomanylinesatonce TheSpaghettiChart A B C D E UntanglingtheMess A B A C A D A E Annualcashflowturnspositivein1998 allowingforbreak evenin1999 Usecombinationoflinesandcolumnsforcomparisons Millions Annual Cumulative Howtochartdifferentcomparisons ComponentcomparisonItemcomparisonTimeseriescomparisonFrequencydistributioncomparisonCorrelationcomparison Themajorityofshipmentsarereceivedin5to6days UsehistogramswithrelativelyfewbucketsTrydifferentlevelsofprecisiontoextractpatterns Numbersoforders Days Mostsalesarebetween 30and 50 Usehistographswithmanydatapoints NumbersofSales SizeofSales Theagedistributionofcompanyemployeesdifferssharplyfromthatofthecompany scompetitor Uselinesandcolumnsforcomparisons Numbersoforders Age Company Competitor Moreemployeesinthehighersalarybracketshavedegrees WithDegrees WithoutDegrees TotalEmployees SalaryGrades Howtochartdifferentcomparisons ComponentcomparisonItemcomparisonTimeseriescomparisonFrequencydistributioncomparisonCorrelationcomparison ExpectedPattern Thereisnorelationshipbetweendiscountandvolumesold Discount UnitVolumeSold ExpectedPattern Thereisarelationshipbetweenlowerpricesandincreasedvolumesold Price VolumeSold InPlantB employeeswithmoreeducationreceivehighersalaries WeeklyWages EducationLevel Withcollegeeducation Employeeswithoutcollegeeducation Thereisarelationshipbetweenlowerpricesandincreasedvolumesold 123456789 Price Volume Sale Wearewellpositionedinthemarketplace MarketAttractive CompanyStrengths ProfitContribution Millions 5 1 5 1 Oneofourthreebusinessunitshasmovedintoalossposition 1999 2000 2001 WorkProject3 Onthefollowingpages youwillfindseveralsetsofdatadrawnfromtheanalysesofthepublishingindustrydata Onthebasisofthedata pleasesketchtheappropriatecharts Don tworryaboutaccuracy aquicksketchissufficient Also writethemessagetitleyouwouldusetoreinforceeachchartintheupper left handspaceofthepage Ineveryinstance besuretoidentifythekindofcomparisonthemessageimplies andrefertothematrixtoselecttheappropriatechartform ShareofIndustrySalesByCompany 1980 Percent HoughtonMifflinHarper RowPrentice HallHarcourtBraceGrolierMcGraw HillMacmillan 5 35 611 516 410 232 618 4100 0 3A Onthebasisofthefollowingdata sketchacharttodemonstrateMacmillan sshareofpublishingsalesin1980comparedwiththatofitscompetitors ReturnonAssets 1980 Percent HoughtonMifflinHarper RowPrentice HallHarcourtBraceGrolierMcGraw HillMacmillan 14 411 321 714 910 222 88 0 3B Onthebasisofthesedata sketchachartthatdemonstrateshowMacmillan sreturnonassetsranksintheindustryin1980 ShareofIndustrySales 1980 Percent HoughtonMifflinHarper RowPrentice HallHarcourtBraceGrolierMcGraw HillMacmillan 5 35 611 516 410 232 618 4 3C Onthebasisofthedata sketchachartthatdemonstrateswhetherornotarelationshipexistsbetweenshareofsalesandreturnonassetsinthepublishingindustryin1980 ReturnonAssets 1980 Percent HoughtonMifflinHarper RowPrentice HallHarcourtBraceGrolierMcGraw HillMacmillan 14 411 321 714 910 222 88 0 MacmillanNetSales 3D Withthisdata sketchachartthatdemonstratesthetrends onanindexbasis forMacmillan ssalesandearningsbetween1970and1980 using1970asthebaseyear MacmillanEarnings ShareofIndustrySalesbyCompany 1980 Percent GrolierHarcourtBraceHarper RowHoughtonMifflinMacmillanMcGraw HillPrentice Hall 10 216 45 65 318 432 611 5 3E Onthebasisofthesedata sketchachartthatdemonstratesthatamajorityofcompanieshaveashareofindustrysalesbetween10and20percentin1980 ShareofIndustrySalesByCompany 1970 Percent GrolierHarcourtBraceHarper RowHoughtonMifflinMacmillanMcGraw HillPrentice Hall 16 49 54 44 228 428 09 1100 0 3F Onthebasisofthefollowingdata sketchachartthatdemonstratesthechangingmixinshareofindustrysalesfrom1970to1980 EmphasizeMacmillan sshare ShareofIndustrySalesByCompany 1980 Percent GrolierHarcourtBraceHarper RowHoughtonMifflinMacmillanMcGraw HillPrenti