九年级英语上册 定语从句课件 人教新目标版.ppt

初中定语从句讲解 amatchinggame matchthetwosentences1 i mreadingabook thebookisaboutbillgates 2 heisateacher theteacherteachesuschinese 3 idon tliketheman heissmoking 4 whereisthepicture youboughtitlastweek i mreadingabookthat whichisaboutbillgates heisateacherwho thatteachesuschinese idon tlikethemanwhoissmoking whereisthepicturethatyouboughtlastweek 什么是定语从句呢 答案 修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句 结构 先行词 关系词 句子 themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman 先行词 关系词 定语从句 关系词 关系代词 that which who whom whose关系副词 when where why 关系代词 指物 thatwhich指人 who 主 宾格 thatwhom 宾格 关系代词that which引导的定语从句 如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词 关系代词应用that which 作主语或宾语 thisisadream thedreamwillnevercometrue thisisadreamwhichnevercometrue thedoghasbeenfound thedogwaslost thedogwhichwaslosthasbeenfound practise thisisthehousewhichisforsale 2 thebookwhichislyingonthefloorismine which that作主语 不能省 that 作主语 which that作宾语 可省略 thisisthecard i vejustreceivedthecard thisisthecardwhich thati vejustreceived practise thisisthemistakewhich thatialwaysmake istillkeeptheletterswhichshewrotetome ilostthepenwhichmyfatherboughtme 作宾语 关系代词who that whom引导的定语从句 如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词 关系代词应用who that 作主语或宾语 whom 作宾语 who that作主语 不能省 thisisthefilmstar thefilmstarisverypopularinchina thisisthefilmstarwhoisverypopularinchina 作主语 theboywhobrokethewindowiscalledroy doyouknowthemanwhospokeatthemeetingyesterday thegirlwhoiswateringtheflowersismycousin that who whom that作宾语 可省略 themanisafamouswriter hedescribedthemanjustnow theman who whom that hedescribedjustnowisafamouswriter 作宾语 theboywho m i mlookingforismyfriend thethiefhasbeensenttoprison thepolicecaughtthethieflastnight thethiefwhomthepolicecaughtlastnighthasbeensenttoprison 小结 that 既可指人 也可指物 作主语 不能省略 作宾语 可以省略 which 指物 作主语 不能省略 作宾语 可以省略 who 指人 作主语 不能省略 作宾语 可以省略 常用whom 注 当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时 定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定 有时只能用that 不用which 常见的情况有六种 当先行词是all any few little none anything everything nothing everybody nobody everyone noone或被它们修饰时 that sallthatiknow isthereanythingthaticandoforyou heansweredfewquestionsthattheteacherasked 2 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时thatisthemostinterestingbookthatihaveeverread thefirstthingthatishoulddoistoreviewmylessons 3 当先行词有thevery theonly thesame等修饰时 that stheonlythingthaticandonow thesearetheverywordsthatheused 4 当主句以who或which开头时 定语从句的关系词用that 而不用which或who whoisthegirlthatspoketoyoujustnow whichisthepenthatyoulost 5 先行词同时包括人或物时 关系词用that themanandhisdogthatialwaysmeetarestandingbythegate whose作定语 表示所属关系 theboyismyclassmate theboy sfatherisapoliceman theboywhosefatherisapolicemanismyclassmate achild parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan 孤儿 a whob whosec who sd which 例句赏析 it saninventionwhich thatisusedforkeepingofftherain 飘 it sabookthat whichwaswrittenbymargaretmitchell gonewiththewind it sthewallthat whichwasbuiltbychinesepeople it sananimalthat which it sananimalthat whichhasbignose exercise1 用关系代词填空 theboy isplayingping pongismyclassmate thee mail ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommysister ihatepeople talkmuchbutdolittle thecar myfatherboughtlastmonthisverybeautiful who that which that who that which that 5 theman hairiswhiteishisgrandfather 6 isthereastudent fatherisabusinessman 7 thisisthehousein wehavelivedfor10years 8 i veneverheardofthepeopleandthings youtalkedaboutjustnow whose whose which that 当先行词同时指人和物时 关系代词只能用that exercise2 myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthepersonsandthings theycouldn tremember sayall youknow isthereanything icandoforyou that that that 当先行词是something anything nothing all等词时 关系代词只能用that 4 thisisthefirstplay ihaveseensinceicamehere 5 thisisthebestnovel ihaveread that that 当先行词被序数词 最高级等词修饰时 关系代词只能用that 6 whoisthegirl isstandingunderthetree 7 whichisthemachine weusedlastsunday 当主句是who或which引导的特殊疑问句 而中心词指人或物时 关系代词只能用that that that 关系副词 when where why when作时间状语 shewillneverforgettheday shewasmarriedonthatday shewillneverforgetthedaywhen onwhich shewasmarried itwastheyear theworldwaribrokeoutintheyear itwastheyearwhen inwhich theworldwaribrokeout when 介词 which where作地点状语 iwanttoknowtheplace iwasbornthere iwanttoknowtheplacewhere inwhich iwasborn thetablewhere atwhich sheissittingisanewone where 介词 which why作原因状语 其先行词常常是thereason thatisthereasonwhy forwhich i mlate iknowthereasonwhyhesaidit why forwhich exercise 1 october1 1949istheday theprcwasfounded whichb whenc thatd onthat2 isthatthereason youarefortheplan whichb whatc whyd forthat 3 isthistheplace youwereborn a whichb wherec whatd that 判断关系代词与关系副词方法一 用关系代词 还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词 及物动词后面无宾语 就必须要求用关系代词 而不及物动词则要求用关系副词 例如 thisisthemountainvillagewhereistayedlastyear 这是我去年呆过的山村 i llneverforgetthedayswheniworkedtogetherwithyou 我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子 判断改错 错 thisisthemountainvillagewhereivisitedlastyear 错 iwillneverforgetthedayswhenispentinthecountryside 对 thisisthemountainvillage which ivisitedlastyear 对 i llneverforgetthedays which ispentinthecountryside 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where when联系在一起 此两题错在关系词的误用上 方法二 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分 主 谓 宾 定 状 也能正确选择出关系代词 关系副词 例1 isthismuseum youvisitedafewdaysage a whereb thatc onwhichd theone例2 isthisthemuseum theexhibitionwasheld a whereb thatc onwhichd theone d a 例1变为肯定句thismuseumis youvisitedafewdaysago 在句1中 所缺部分为宾语 而where that onwhich都不能起到宾语的作用 只有theone既做了主句的表语 又可做从句的宾语 可以省略关系代词 所以应选d 例2变为肯定句 thisisthemuseum theexhibitionwasheld 句2中 主 谓 宾俱全 从句部分为句子的状语表地点 既可用副词where 又因inthemuseum词组 可用介词in which引导地点状语 而此题中 介词on用的不对 所以选a 关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分 先行词在从句中做主 定 宾语时 选择关系代词 who whom that which whose 先行词在从句中做状语时 应选择关系副词 where地点状语 when时间状语 why原因状语 挑战高难度 1 isthistheplace youwereborn a whichb wherec whatd that2 isthistheplace somegermanfriendsvisitedlastyear a whichb wherec whatd