高一必修4 Unit 4 Body Language.(词汇与辨析).doc

Unit 4 Body Language（词汇与辨析）【考点一】greet wave 【考点链接】greet sb. with a handshake /a smile /by shaking hands/smilingwave goodbye to sb (向某人挥手告别)【考点二】represent present stand for reflect【考点延伸】represent vt.代表，象征, 表现，描写, 作为的代表或代理人. 象征.represent sb. as/to be 宣称某人为；represent sth. to sb. 向某人说明某事；向某人传达某事；向陈述represent sth./sb. as sth./sb. 把描绘成representative n. 代表 adj. 典型的，有代表性的；representation【考点辨析】represent，on behalf of，stand for present(1)represent用来表示“代表某人/某个团体/政府等”，“某种标志代表什么”，“某物(书、雕塑等)表现的是什么”和“把某人/物描绘成什么”。(2)on behalf of只能用作状语，表示“代表/代替某人”。(3)stand for往往用来表示“(字母、数字、符号等)代表/象征什么”。(4) present (将某物赠与或交与某人，present sb with sth /present sth to sb ); (正式介绍，优指级别或地位较高的人，present sb to sb );(出席参加，present oneself (for sth);present (主持电视剧院节目如； Who will present the TV show ,while you are away ?; (将某物提请考虑，present sth for considerration/ approval, present sth to sb 将某事提请某人考虑)【即景活用】1. 用represent和stand for填空The red lines _railways.(represent)What does “VIP”_ ？( stand for ) 鸽子象征和平。The dove _peace. (represents)2. The Olympic mascots （吉祥物）are the Olympic flame, the fish, the panda, the Tibetan antelope and the swallow, _ a close group of friends.Ato represent Brepresenting Crepresented Drepresent答案：B 解析：考查非谓语动词。representing 为现在分词做后置定语。3. He has a strong belief that he will _her country to take part in English speaking competition.A. present B. represent C.direct D。stand for4. Which class do you suggest _our school to attend the tug (拔河) of the war competition. -Class two.A. representing B. will represent C. represent D. represents5. UN _the United Nations. Shen Guofang _our government to give peaceful talks.A. represent; represented B. express; stands for C. shows; reprsents D. stands for; reprsented6. Teaching pronunciation class to a mixed group of learners can_a teacher with many challenging problems.Aprovide BProduce Cpresent Doffer【解析】provide，present，offer都有“提供”的意思。provide意思是“供给(某物)”；present则表示“呈现(某种状况)，使经历”；offer构成offer sb.sth.或offer sth.to sb.的结构。【答案】C【考点三】associate link connect compare combine 【考点链接】associatewith 和联系起来 compare- with (与-作比较) combine A with B (A与B融合（兼并） connect A with B （A与B 联系起来） link to 【即景活用】1. A healthy life is frequently thought to be _ with the open countryside and home-grown food.A. tied B. linked C. involved D. associated【考点四】association connection combination misunderstanding defence case 的区别。student association （学生会）；the waiting area（候机区） a major misunderstanding （一个大的误解）in defence of sth. （为保卫） in most cases 多数情况下up and down (来回，上下) in defence (防御) combination（融合，兼并）association (协会)【即景活用】1. The young lawyer became famous throughout the city after her successful _ at the court.A. defence B. speech C. argument D. fight【考点五】curious curiously curiosity anxious eager cautious strange【考点链接】curious adj.好奇的，爱探究的，奇怪的，渴望知道的; curiosity n. 好奇心；古玩; curiously adv. 好奇地，奇怪地be curious about 对感到好奇; be curious to do sth. 渴望做from/out of curiosity 出于好奇; meet/satisfy ones curiosity 满足某人的好奇心with curiositycuriously 好奇地; It is curious that.对感到奇怪be curious how/why/what.对有兴趣; Curiously enough(说来奇怪)【拓展延伸】be particular about/over sth.对讲究，挑剔； be concerned about (对-关心)； be worried about (对-担心)；be crazy about (对-痴迷、疯狂); be curious about (对-好奇)；be anxious about/ for ( 对担心) ; be cautious about( 对-谨慎、小心)；be wrong about each other （彼此误解）。be anxious to do sth. 想要做某事；be curious to do sth. 渴望做；be satisfied/content to do sth; be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事; be eager for盼望, 想得到【即景活用】1. I was _ to find out what he said.A.strange B. amusing C. curious D.conscious 【答案】C 考查形容词词义辨析。.strange 奇怪的 amusing 令人快乐的conscious 有意识的。2. People have always been curious _ how living things on the earth exactly began. A. inB. at C. of D.about 【答案】C 考查固定短语。Curious只能与about连用。3. Mr Brown is very _ about having his breakfast at exactly 8 oclock. Aspecial Bespecial Cparticular Dcurious4. Dont be too _ about the things youre not supposed (不该)to know. A. nervous B. cautious C. concerned D. curious【考点】major adj.较大的，主要的；major in (主修-)； n主修课程majority n大多数 in a/the majority占大多数 by/with a majority以多数票【即景活用】1. The(major)of people seem to prefer TV.【考点六】wave shake nod put up (举起) kiss hold up touch hang bend contact hug feel pick up (捡起来) bow roll yawn（打哈欠） frown （皱眉）【考点辨析】touch 指轻触，轻碰某人或某物（尤其指用手碰）；妨碍（某人或某物），移动损坏（The valuable things are not touched by the fire）;很少和或很少吃、很少动、沾染（I can hardly touch coffee.）; 感动、触动某人的感情；伤害，触犯某人的情感（hurt）；抵得上（equal）. 词组 touch sb.on the shoulder/arm/back碰某人的肩膀/胳膊/后背hit /strike (袭击，打击，猛烈地撞击)；strike使突然想起；敲响；划燃；在人的大脑中留下深刻的印象或感触（sth strike on sb）。句型：it strikes sb/ occurs to sb that/how.某人突然想到。One of the clocks struck the hour.其中一个钟按整点报时。 It suddenly struck me how we could improve the situation (局面)。 contact ： contact with sb/ sth 与-接触（相当于touch ）; 接触 （be exposed to = contact with）; 联系，来往（keep in touch with ）。wave (挥手，招手，摆手；向某人致意 wave at/to sb 向某人挥手，wave farewell /wave goodbye to sb 向某人挥手告别 ). nod (点头，点头示意 nod to/ at sb 向某人点头)；shake (声音，笑声、身体发抖、打颤 ，摇动；握手（shake hands with sb ）; 意志不坚定思想动摇，减弱 shake sbs belief/ courage )。bend 使得某人弯腰（bend down ）； bend the rules (放宽规定，通融)；屈服（bend (sb) to sth）; bend ones mind to sth(专心于某事物)；be bent over (埋头于，专心于-)bow(鞠躬，点头，表示尊敬或打招呼 bow(down) to /before sb); 点头哈腰（bow to sb ）.bow to sth(接受某事物，尊重-)feel 触摸某物；感觉到、体验到、体会到； 用手、足、拐杖摸索，寻找，探索 (feel （about）-for sth/sb 在-摸索、寻找-);feel free (随便用)；觉得，认为（believe）。kiss sb. on the cheek; roll (使-滚动、转动，roll ones eyes（转动眼珠子） roll away （滚走） roll up (卷起来，裹起来) ，roll over (翻身，打滚)； roll in (大量涌来)；roll down (滚下来)； roll (up)/cover/ wrap sb/sth in sth 将某人或某物包在或裹在某物内。【规律探究】词组归纳:take, strike, lead, seize, hit, beat, pat（拍）, knock sb. in / on / by + the 人体某一部位【即景活用】1. -Oh！Ive burnt myself！-How did you do that? -I _a hot pot.A. touched B. kept C. felt D. held2. Do not let your coat _the wall -the paints still wet.A. hit B. strike C.touch D. lean （靠）3. If you do something legally. The policeman cant _you.A. knock B.touch C. approach D. push4. He walked just like a fool , then bent down and _ about the corner for the key.A. touched B. felt C. showed D. sought 5. _ your head from side to side means “No” in most countries.AWaving BNodding CMoving DShaking6. The match （火柴）was too wet to _，Could you use firefighter(打火机)？A. beat B. strike C. touch D. felt7. When I got home，I found the door open.A terrible thought _ mehad anyone broken into the house?Abeat Bknocked Cstruck Doccurred8. A poweful earthquake_ Yushu County in April last year Ahappened BseizedCfrightened DHit9. At present, what _ most heavily on American people is the terrorist accident (恐怖事件).A. hitB. pressed C. beat D. stroke10. Your essay is quite good: just _ it _ with a few illustrations and quotations. A. put . up B. touch . up C. cut . out D. write . off答案B. touch up.注释 touch up(=improve or perfect by small additional strokes or alterations)润色，修饰：1)The last part of the article needs to be touched up.(这篇文章的最后一部分需要润色。) 2)He touched up the picture by strengthening and shadows.(他把画修饰了一下，使光明部分和阴暗部分的对比度更鲜明。)put up留宿；cut out 删掉；write off报销，勾消。本题译文：你的文章很好；只要用些例证和引语修饰一下。11. When I was a boy, every holiday I had seemed wonderful. My parents took me by train or by car to a hotel by the _1_ . All day I _2_ on the sands（沙滩） with strange _3_children. We made houses and gardens, and _4_the tide（潮汐） destroy them. When the tide went out, we _5_over the rocks and looked down at the fish in the rock-pools.1. A. sea B. lake C. mountain D. river2. A. slept B. played C. sat D. stood3. A. moving B. excited C. angry D. nervous4. A. made B. brought C. watched D. heard5. A. rolled B. looked C. turned D. climbed【考点七】touch sight order reach curiosity【考点链接】out of touch with sb (与-失去联系)；out of touch with sth(不了解某事信息)out of sight (看不见)； out of curiosity (出于好奇); out of reach (够不着，非某人或某事物的能力、权利、影响等所能及)；out of date (过期，过时)。be/stay/keep/get in contact with sb.与某人有联系，at a touch一触即发；get/keep/stay/remain/be in touch (with sb.)与某人取得/保持联系； out of balance (失去平衡)； out of shape (变形) ，out of place (=in the wrong place or at the wrong time; not suitable; improper (作表语用) 不适宜, 不得体；不在原来的位置）Out of order （发生故障; 失调) Out of the question （不可能的）。【即景活用】1. Where is the new dictionary?-It is on the top shelf, out of _.A. sight B. reach C. touch D. order2. You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of _ . A. date B. shape C. order D. balance3. I keep medicines on the top shelf, out of the childrens _.AreachB。 handC。 holdD。place4. Having lived in the town for quite a few years, Mr. Johnson no longer felt _ among the local people.A. out of order B. out of place C. out of control D. out of the question答案 B. out of place.【考点】simply truly easily simply simpli adv.仅仅；只不过；简单地；完全；简直【即景活用】1. Fame is often _ a matter of being in the right place at the right time.Asimply Beasily Cbriefly Dplainly【考点八】approach distance touch separate abandon surface【考点链接】approach v. 走近；接近；靠近，approach sb.on sth.就某事与某人接洽(商量、交涉)approach n. 走近；临近；对待、处理的方式；at the approach of在快到的时候make approaches to sb. 和某人打交道； approach to接近, 近似，(做某事)的方法(途径)approach sb. for information 向某人了解情况 approach sb. with a suggestion 向某人建议approach sb. about sth. 为某事同某人打交道approachable adj. 平易近人的；【典型例句】1. He approached me with stealthy steps.；2. He put up with a new approach to the difficulty. 他提出了解决这个困难的新方法【考点辨析】Surface (隐藏一段时间出现或露面)approach/ way/ method / means / path/ measure表达“(做)的方法”的其他搭配常见的有：the approach to(doing) sth. the way to do/of (doing) sth.the means of(doing) sth. the method of(doing) sth.The path to success/rich/power,difficult path（达到成就某事的方式或途径）【即景活用】1. At the meeting they discussed three different _ to the study of mathematics. Aapproaches Bmeans Cmethods Dways 解析：句意：在会议上他们讨论了学数学三种不同的方法。approach后面常接介词to；其他三项常接介词of；way后除了接介词of外，也可以接动词不定式。解析：四个词都有“方法”的意思，但只有 approach 后接介词 ton./v.ing。way后接 of sth./doing sth. 或 to do sth.; means 和method 后接 of sth.或 of doing sth.。 答案：A。2. Instead of simply travel for pleasure，you can use your trip as a(n) _ to protect the environment.Amethod Bmeans Cway Dapproach3. There is no easy _ to the mathematics. A. way B. mean C. method D. approach 【答案】D 考查名词与介词的搭配辨析 【点拨】approaches方法 与to连用,表示的方法，而means翻译为方式，不可与to连用。methods 与with 搭配。Ways则与of连用，和to连用时，to为不定式to,不是介词to.4. This is the best way I can think of _ the problem. A. solving B。 solve C。 solved D。 to solve5. Our vacation _and we still cant decide where to go.A. is approaching B. is coming C.approach D. is touching 6. Originally it was said that the actress committed suicide（自杀）, but it was not long before doubts（疑虑） began to _. A. discoverB. surfaceC. approach D. declare (宣布)【考点九】introduce Introduce介绍；引进；采用；带来；以作为(文章、讲话的)开头；把插入(into) 【词汇网络】introduce sb. to sb. 引见；introduce sb. to sth 引导或带领某人接触 introduce sth in/into sth 引进；采用；make introductions to sb. 介绍【即景活用】1. When first _ into the market, these products enjoyed great success.A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced2. Let me introduce myself. Im Albert. _A. What a pleasure! B. Its my pleasure. C. Im very pleased. D. Pleased to meet you.【考点十】defend shelter guard protect prevent /stop/keep rescue (1)defend指“保卫”、“防御”，应用范围很广，对象可以是具体的，也可以是抽象的。(2)guard指“保卫”、“守卫”，指注意观察、戒备，以免受可能的攻击或伤害。(3)protect指“保护”，指利用各种手段，尽力照顾或保护某人某物，使其免受危险或伤害等，常与against或from连用。【即景活用】1. The city_by an army of 600 men was difficult to take.Adefending Bhaving been defended Chaving defended Ddefended答案：D解析：过去分词短语 defended by.做定语，相当于一个定语从句 which was defended by.；B项只做状语，不做定语。2. We had a better way _ our country against the enemy.A. defend B. protect C. prevent D. stop【考点十一】 main major key chief【即景活用】1. Read the text carefully and get the _ idea of the text. A.major B.main C.chief D. minor【考点十一】express hide bury cover shelter show 【词组网络】快车（=express train) (邮局, 铁路, 公路等部门提供的) 速递, 速运 send goods by express 特快货运express oneself/ express ones thoughts/ feelings （清楚地）表达自己的意思,思想、情感。hide ones feelings (隐藏情感) release （释放）【考点十二】action reaction gesture posture movement contact expression hug (拥抱)eye contact （眼睛交流） facial expression(面部表情) take action(采取行动)give a hug (拥抱)【考点】likely possible probable certain sure的区别【拓展延伸】 likely/ possible/probablebe likely to（表示“很有可能，有希望”）。likely是常用词,指从表面痕迹来看很有可能。主语既可以是人也可以是物。可以说sb/sth be likely to do但是不可以说 It is likely for sb to do. not likely (绝不可能)possible强调客观上有可能，但含有实际上可能性很小的意思。主语不可以是人，只能是用it 做形式主语。构成It is possible for sb to do sthprobable 语气比possible强，含有“很有可能，十有八九”的意思。构成It is probable for sb to do sth. 【即景活用】1. Its nearly eleven oclock and mother _ walk in at any moment.A.is possible to B.is probable to C.is likely to D. is able to【答案】C 考查likely/ possible/probable的 辨析2. I think he is _ to win, but I am not sure. A possible B likely C impossible D certain3. -I advise you to learn a second language. - Me?_! I am too slow.A Not likely B No problem C Not possible D Surely4. Next after coffee，Americans are_to drink cola drinks，such as Coke or Pepsi，or other soft drinks.A.possible B.likely C.probable D.as well5. _we know，hurricane is_to come.A.As soon as；possible B.As long as；probableC.As far as；likely D.As well as；perhaps6. Which team is_to win the game？In my opinion，it is_for our team to win. A.probable；likely B.possible；probable C.likely；probable D.likely；possible7. Weve just heard a warning on the radio that a typhoon (台风)is _ to come this evening.A. possible B. likely C. sure D. maybe8. Julia，if you hurry up，I think it quite _ that you will catch the next train. Aprobably Bcertainly Clikely Dpossibly 解析：考查形容词、副词辨析。probably adv.“大概，或许”；certainly adv.“当然”；likely adj.“可能的，有希望的”，adv.“很可能”；possibly adv.“可能，也许”。根据句式结构，空白处应该填一个形容词作宾语补足语，故选C项。 答案：C。【考点十三】in general总的说来；大体上；通常【词组网络】generally speaking （一般说来） in general (总的说来；大体上；通常)on the whole（总的来说） as a whole （ 就整体上来看） in a word （ 总之） in short （简言之，总之） to put it simply （ 简单地说） to make worse (更糟糕的是-)general作形容词，表示“大体的，一般的，普遍的”。【即景活用】1._ ，our efforts did not prove to be in vain. 总体来说， 我们的努力没有白费。2. In_，the more expensive the computer is，the better it is.A.commonB.total C.general D.particular3. _，most teenagers now listen to rock music. However, John likes classical music better.AIn a word BIn general CIn time DIn total答案：B 解析：in a word意为“总之，一句话；总而言之”；in general意为“大体上；一般地”；in total意为“总共”；in time“及时”。通过句意可以看出，“大多数青少年喜欢听摇滚乐”是一种一般的、普遍的情况，所以选B。4. Jack is good, kind, hard-working and intelligent. _, I cant speak too highly of（高度评价、赞扬） him.A. As a result B. By the way C. On the whole D. In a word答案D. In a word. 注释in a word(=in short)总之，简言之。本题是测试“过度词”，考生务必根据上下文的逻辑关系来选择适当的过渡词，使句子的意思前后连贯。5. The play, _ , is very wonderful: there are many interesting characters in it.A. out of the question B. on the whole C. out of question D. under no condition【考点十四】avoid escape prevent （阻止，预防，防止妨碍） 【考点吧】avoid vt. 避开；避免；防止发生；预防avoid sth. 避免某事 avoid doing sth. 逃避做某事avoid being done避免被avoidance n. 避免avoidable adj. 可避免的【考点辨析】avoid escape prevent(预防)avoid指原义是“使扑空”，“在之前有意避开”；escape指原义是“out of being caught”，“从中逃脱；脱离”，以免受影响；prevent （阻止，预防）disease from spreading.【典型例句】1. You may avoid all known sources of contagion，yet no easily escape infection.人们可以避开所有已知的接触传染病源、却难以摆脱非接触传染。【即景活用】1. 用avoid，escape的正确形式填空(1)The little boy _ being punished. （escaped）(2)Fortunately，we were able to _ an accident. (avoid)2. I just avoided_ over the cat. A. run B. running C. to run D. runs3. He is a fugitive from justice trying to avoid _ by the police.A. catch B. catching C. being caught D. caught【考点十五】ease at ease at ease 轻松；放心；安心；稍息 He is at ease about the matter.他对此事很放心。【拓展】 ease of mind心情舒畅ease sb. of ones trouble消除某人的烦恼； ease sbs mind使某人安心with ease轻而易举地 , 容易地，不费劲地 ease up/off缓和，减缓ill at ease不自在，不自然 feel/look at ease感到放松或看到轻松、自在put.at ease使放心、放松 ； put at ease使不拘束，使安心take ones ease ( 休息，轻松一下) put/set sb. at