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ElizabethIofEngland BriefindrouctionsGovernmentReligionForeignaffaircommment ElizabethI 7September1533 24March1603 wasqueenregnantofEnglandandIrelandfrom17November1558untilherdeath SometimescalledTheVirginQueen Gloriana orGoodQueenBess ElizabethwasthefifthandlastmonarchoftheTudordynasty ThedaughterofHenryVIII shewasbornaprincess buthermother AnneBoleyn wasexecutedtwoandahalfyearsafterherbirth andElizabethwasdeclaredillegitimate Herhalf brother EdwardVI bequeathedthecrowntoLadyJaneGrey cuttinghishalf sistersoutofthesuccession Hiswillwassetaside LadyJaneGreywasexecuted andin1558ElizabethsucceededtheCatholicMaryI duringwhosereignshehadbeenimprisonedfornearlyayearonsuspicionofsupportingProtestantrebels Elizabethsetouttorulebygoodcounsel andshedependedheavilyonagroupoftrustedadvisersledbyWilliamCecil BaronBurghley OneofherfirstmovesasqueenwastheestablishingofanEnglishProtestantchurch ofwhichshebecametheSupremeGovernor ThisElizabethanReligiousSettlementlaterevolvedintotoday sChurchofEngland ItwasexpectedthatElizabethwouldmarryandproduceanheirsoastocontinuetheTudorline Sheneverdid however despitenumerouscourtships Asshegrewolder Elizabethbecamefamousforhervirginity andacultgrewuparoundherwhichwascelebratedintheportraits pageants andliteratureoftheday Ingovernment Elizabethwasmoremoderatethanherfather brotherandsisterhadbeen Oneofhermottoeswas videoettaceo Isee andsaynothing Inreligionshewasrelativelytolerant avoidingsystematicpersecution After1570 whenthepopedeclaredherillegitimateandreleasedhersubjectsfromobediencetoher severalconspiraciesthreatenedherlife Allplotsweredefeated however withthehelpofherministers secretservice Elizabethwascautiousinforeignaffairs movingbetweenthemajorpowersofFranceandSpain Sheonlyhalf heartedlysupportedanumberofineffective poorlyresourcedmilitarycampaignsintheNetherlands FranceandIreland Inthemid 1580swarwithSpaincouldnolongerbeavoided andwhenSpainfinallydecidedtoinvadeandconquerEnglandin1588 thedefeatoftheSpanishArmadaassociatedherwithwhatispopularlyviewedasoneofthegreatestvictoriesinEnglishhistory Elizabeth sreignisknownastheElizabethanera famousaboveallfortheflourishingofEnglishdrama ledbyplaywrightssuchasWilliamShakespeareandChristopherMarlowe andfortheseafaringprowessofEnglishadventurerssuchasSirFrancisDrake Somehistoriansaremorereservedintheirassessment TheydepictElizabethasashort tempered sometimesindecisiveruler whoenjoyedmorethanhershareofluck Towardstheendofherreign aseriesofeconomicandmilitaryproblemsweakenedherpopularity Elizabethisacknowledgedasacharismaticperformerandadoggedsurvivor inanagewhengovernmentwasramshackleandlimitedandwhenmonarchsinneighbouringcountriesfacedinternalproblemsthatjeopardisedtheirthrones SuchwasthecasewithElizabeth srival Mary QueenofScots whomsheimprisonedin1568andeventuallyhadexecutedin1587
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