大学英语精读第一册unit4 Turning off TV

Unit4TurningOffTV AQuietHour LeadinNewwordsTextanalysis4 ComprehensionoftheText5 Exercises Itisclearthattelevisionhasbecomeoneoftheworld smostimportantsourcesofinformation opinion andentertainment Wecanlearnaboutplacesweshallnevervisit weseeimportanteventsastheytakeplace someprogramswewatchpurelyforentertainment Itgivesusthebestseatsinthetheater atarockconcert orattheOlympicGames Italsogivesuspicturesofwaranddisaster theconqueringofspace andotherworldeventsastheyhappen Unit4TurningOffTV AQuietHour AdemonstrationoftelevisionwasheldattheNewYorkWorld sFairin1939纽约世界博览会 andduringthe1940snetworkswereestablishedandtelevisionsetsbegantobesold But forawhile radiostillhadcompletecontroloftheentertainmentindustry TV PastandPresent Intheearly1950s thetelevisionstartedtotaketheplaceofradiointheUnitedStates Buttelevisionwasonlyonintheeveningswithfewchoicesofstationsandinlessthanone thirdofAmericanhomes Intheearly1960s over750TVstationsweretelecastedtoabout52millionsetswiththeresultthattheAmericanTVaudienceincludedalmosteveryfamily Buttoday virtuallyeveryAmericanhomehasTVandtwo thirdsofAmericanfamilieshavetwoormoresets two thirdshavecable Thereareathousandstationswithachoiceoffiveorsixchannelsalloverthecountry notcountinginthecableprogramsonecanbuy TheBigThreeofthenetworksare theNationalBroadcastingCompany NBC theColumbiaBroadcastingSystem CBS andtheAmericanBroadcastingCompany ABC 国际频道 InternationalChannel 东方时空 Oriental rient lHorizon 焦点访谈 FocusInterview 新闻联播 NetworkNews 科技博览 Panorama p n r m 全景ofScience Technology 文化视点 CulturalPerspective 读书时间 OfftheShelf 综艺大观 VarietyShow 天涯共此时 SharingtheMomentwithYou 电影频道 MovieChannel 电视你我他 CCTV ItsAudience 世界报道 ReportonWorldAffairs 海峡两岸 AcrosstheStrait 中国报道 ChinaReport Directions FindtheEnglishnamesofthefollowingChineseprograms TVProgram PartDivisionoftheText MainIdea Lines Part 1 1 3 2 4 28 3 29 42 Theauthorproposesthateveryevening for60to90minutes alltelevisionbroadcastingintheU S beprohibitedbylaw TheauthormentionssomeproblemscausedbywatchingtoomuchTVandsuggestssomeactivitiestofillthetimewhenturningoffTV PeoplecouldhavemorefuniftheyturnedoffTVforoneortwohourseverydayastheydidinthepast ManypeopleintheUnitedStatesspendmostoftheirfreetimewatchingtelevision Certainly therearemanyworthwhileprogramsontelevision includingnews educationalprogramsforchildren programsoncurrentsocialproblems plays movies concerts andsoon Nevertheless perhapspeopleshouldnotbespendingsomuchoftheirtimeinfrontoftheTV Mr Mayerimagineswhatwemightdoifwewereforcedtofindotheractivities Unit4TurningOffTV AQuietHour Itisworthwhiletocomeallthewaytoseethescenicspot 2 beworth one s whiletodo It sworthyourwhiletomakeanotherattempt It snotworthyourwhiletoreadthisbookbecauseitisn taccurate worthwhile adj worth prep worthy adj 1 beworthwhiletodosth Helivedaworthylife e g Canyourecommendsomeworthwhilebooksformetoread beworthwhile beworth beworthy beworthwhile adj 值得花时间和精力做的 有价值的作定语用较多 也可作表语 一般不再接其他成分 Herachievementsareworthytoreceivesuchhonor Thematterisworthyofconsideration beworthy 1 beworthyof Hisproposalisworthconsidering consideration e g Thehouseisworth100 000pounds beworth 2 beworthdoing 1 beworth 钱数 2 beworthytodo Thematterisworthyofbeingconsidered 只作表语 表示 价值 或 值得 后多接名词 代词或动名词的主动语态 不接不定式 表示 值得 相称或配得上 时 作表语用 后接不定式被动语态 或接of加名词 动名词被动语态 current adj e g ThecurrentcrisisoftheMiddleEasthasarousedseriousconcernworldwide thecurrentsituation Thiswordisnolongercurrent 现代通行英语 时事 现代服装式样 通用的货币 时势 currentEnglish currentevents currentfashions currentmoney 2 generallyacceptedbymostpeople通用的 同popular 1 ofthepresenttime当前的 同present Iwouldliketoproposethatforsixtytoninetyminuteseachevening rightaftertheearlyeveningnews alltelevisionbroadcastingintheUnitedStatesbeprohibitedbylaw TurningOffTV AQuietHourRobertMayer 我想建议每天晚上一播完晚间新闻 美国所有的电视台都依法停播六十至九十分钟 intendtodo propose vt suggest putforwardforconsideration e g Weproposethatthemeetingbeheldontime Ourteacherproposesreading toreadaloudfor30minuteseveryday suggest demand request ask move insist urge require order command advise desire recommend maintain vote etc proposethat should do proposal n planorschedule e g Hisproposaltoputoffthemeetingwasrejected suggestdoing propose suggesttosbthat Iproposed suggestedtoherthatwegotothedisco proposedoing proposetodo Note propose后常跟虚拟形式的宾语从句 动词要求用原形 类似的动词还有 prohibit vt forbid especiallybyrulesorlaws e g Smokingisprohibitedonthisplane prohibitsth doingsth prohibitsb fromdoingsth Herparentsprohibitherfromgoingoutatnight 该航班禁止吸烟 Letustakeaserious reasonablelookatwhattheresultsmightbeifsuchaproposalwereaccepted Familiesmightusethetimeforarealfamilyhour WithoutthedistractionofTV theymightsitaroundtogetherafterdinnerandactuallytalktooneanother Itiswellknownthatmanyofourproblems everything infact fromthegenerationgaptothehighdivorceratetosomeformsofmentalillness arecausedatleastinpartbyfailuretocommunicate 让我们认真而通情达理地看一下 如果这一建议被采纳的话 会有什么样的结果 千家万户也许会利用这段时间真正地团聚一番 没有电视机的干扰 他们晚饭后也许会围坐在一起 当真交谈起来 众所周知 我们的许多问题 事实上是所有的问题 从代沟 高离婚率到某些精神病 至少部分地是由于没能交流思想而引起的 reasonable 1 fairandsensible公平的 合理的2 logical有理性的3 moderate nottoomuch toomany ortoogreat较多的 相当大的 e g Ifyouarereasonableinyourdealingwithpeopleandyou llberespected Billgaveareasonableexcuseforhislateness spendareasonableamountoftimeinrelaxation areasonablechanceofwinningthegame Distract vt take one smindorattention away fromsth stopsbconcentratingonsth使分心 使混乱 E g Johnyadmitsthatplayingvideogamessometimesdistractshimfromhishomework Thenoisedistractedmefrommyreading Distraction n distractingorbeingdistracted注意力分散 Noisesoftendrivepeopletodistraction Heneededtoworkwithoutinterruptionordistraction mental adj 1 ofthemind 他精神状态不佳 Heisinpoormentalstate 2 concerningdisordersorillnessofthemind 这是一例奇怪的精神病例 Thisisastrangementalcase 3 concerningtheuseofthemind 人类的智力是无限的 Thereisnolimitationtohumanbeing smentalpowers inpart tosomedegree partly e g Thedriverwasinpartresponsiblefortheaccident I mafraid you rerightinpart Antonym反义词 inwhole wholly Collocation forone spart 就某人个人而言 forthemostpart 通常 在极大程度上 playapart 扮演一个角色 起作用 takepartin 参加 参与 takeone spart 站在某人一边 Wedonottelleachotherwhatisdisturbingus Theresultisemotionaldifficultyofonekindoranother Byusingthequietfamilyhourtodiscussourproblems wemightgettoknoweachotherbetter andtolikeeachotherbetter 我们谁也不把自己心头的烦恼告诉别人 结果感情上便产生了这样那样的问题 利用这安静的 全家聚在一起的时刻来讨论我们的各种问题 我们相互之间也许会更加了解 更加相爱 disturb vt 1 makeworried使苦恼 Shewasdisturbedbyherhusband snotcominghomeintime Don tdisturbhim He swritinganessay Hewasdisturbedtohearofhismother sillness e g Ihatedisturbingpeoplewhentheyareworking 别打扰他 他正在写论文 2 breakthepeaceororderof打扰 听说母亲病了 他感到深深的不安 Oneveningswhensuchtalkisunnecessary familiescouldrediscovermoreactivepastimes FreedfromTV forcedtofindtheirownactivities theymighttakearidetogethertowatchthesunset Ortheymighttakeawalktogether rememberfeet andseetheneighborhoodwithfresh neweyes 有些晚上 如果没有必要进行这种交谈 那么各家各户也许会重新发现一些更为积极的消遣活动 如果他们挣脱开电视机的束缚而不得不另寻自己的活动 他们也许会合家驱车去看日落 或者也许会全家一起去散步 还记得自己长有双脚吗 用新奇的目光观察住处周围的地区 PREFIX 用于动词和名词前构成新的动词和名词 表示 再 又 rediscover 再次 重新 发现 Idiscoveredsliceoflandlongexpectedandrediscovermylifecoming 我发现了一片梦寐以求的国土 并再探索未来生活 reappear 消失后再次出现 rearrange 重新安排 re read 再读一次 re election 再次选举 pastime n anythingdonetopasstimepleasantly Mostpeopleviewplayingcardsasapastimewhilesometakeitasawaytomakemoney 打高尔夫球是他最喜欢的娱乐活动 Golfishisfavoritepastime pastime entertainment两个词都有 消遣 娱乐 的意思 entertainment是pastime的同义词 除了有 消遣 娱乐 的意思外 还指 表演会 文娱节目 招待 请客 及 乐趣 这部话剧经常在学校的游艺会上演出 Sheplayedthepianoforourentertainment 她弹钢琴为我们助兴 Thisplayisfrequentlyproducedatschoolentertainments After5yearsinprison hewasafreemanagain free adj 1 notunderanyone scontrol Thedogwaschained sohowdiditgetfree Afreeflowofwatercamefromthepipe Welikelivinginthevillage freefromcrowdsandnoise Weenjoyfreemedicalcare 2 notcagedortiedup 3 notblocked clearoropen 4 awayfrom 5 withoutpayment free v make sb sth free releaseorliberate e g Hewillbefreedfromprisonintwoweeks Heisthinkingabouthowtofreehimselffromthisterriblesituation freefrom freeof两者均有 没有 免于 不受 损失 之意 能用作谓语 定语或状语 一般来说 freefrom 更常用 Shewishedtolivealifeentirelyfreefromtroubles 她摆脱了忧愁 她希望过一种完全摆脱烦恼的生活 Shefreedherselfofworry WithfreetimeandnoTV childrenandadultsmightrediscoverreading ThereismoreentertainmentinagoodbookthaninamonthoftypicalTVprogramming EducatorsreportthatthegenerationgrowingupwithtelevisioncanbarelywriteanEnglishsentence evenatthecollegelevel Writingisoftenlearnedfromreading Amoreliteratenewgenerationcouldbeaproductofthequiethour 有了空闲时间而又没有电视可看 大人小孩便有可能重新发现阅读 一本好书里的乐趣 胜过一个月中所有典型的电视节目 教育家们报告说 伴随着电视长大的这一代人几乎写不出一句英语句子 甚至在大学一级受教育的人也是这样 写作往往是通过阅读学会的 每晚清静这么一个小时 可以造就出文化程度较高的一代新人 typical adj representativeorcharacteristic典型的 代表性的 这样的屋顶是典型的中国式建筑风格 SucharoofistypicalofbuildingsinChinesearchitecture Itistypicalofhimtobesohesitant Itistypical of sb todo 做 是 的特征 Hertypicalaccentdidn tchangemuchalthoughshespentseveralyearsabroad Itistypicalofhimtotakehardjobs 抢挑重担是他的特点 barely adv hardly just only almostnot勉强的 几乎没有的 Hehasbarelyenoughmoneytobuythebook Barelydidherememberwhathadhappenedaweekbefore barely hardly这两个词都有 几乎不 仅仅 勉强 的意思 barely 肯定意味较强 而相比之下 hardly否定意味较强 barely常和enough连用 例如 Hehasbarelyenoughmoneytobuythebook 他几乎没有钱买书 Hehadbarelyarrivedwhenhehadtoleave 他才到就又要走了 hardly 含有 困难的 艰辛的 意思 有时还可以作为 不 的委婉用法 否定意味较强 多强调困难 常用来修饰表示能力的词 该词通常置于any anything anyone anybody atall等之前 Icanhardlybelievethis 这叫我简直无法相信 Hardlyanybodylikeshim becauseheissorude 几乎没有人喜欢他 因为他太粗鲁 hardly与when连用时 构成词组 意为 刚 就 通常when前面的动词用过去完成式时 后面的用过去时 HardlyhadIgotonboardthetrainwhenitstartedtopullout literate adj abletoreadandwrite识字的 有学问的 e g Onlyafewofthenation speasantsareliterate Childrenofhighlyliterateparentstendtobemorepolite illiterate 1 adj unabletoreadandwrite YoumustbeilliterateifyouhaveneverheardofNewton Illiteracyisamajorprobleminsomedevelopingcountries illiteracy n thestateofbeingilliterate 2 n apersonwhoisilliterate Heisilliterate 扫除文盲 wipeoutilliteracy 父母文化修养高的孩子往往更有礼貌 product n sth madeorgrown 这家商场出售食品 Thismarketsellsfoodproducts Thisstoryistheproductofhisimagination product一般指工业产品 亦指脑力劳动 体力劳动的成果 producev生产 制作 production 指生产的动作或产量 I mquitepleasedthatwedohavetheabilitytoproducethatmuchfood 我很高兴我们确实有能力生产这么多粮食 Adifferentformofreadingmightalsobedone asitwasinthepast readingaloud Fewpastimesbringafamilyclosertogetherthangatheringaroundandlisteningtomotherorfatherreadagoodstory Thequiethourcouldbecomethestoryhour Whenthequiethourends theTVnetworksmightevenbeforcedtocomeupwithbettershowsinordertogetusbackfromournewlydiscoveredactivities 也许还可以像过去那样进行另一种形式的阅读 高声朗读 没有多少娱乐比一家人聚在一起 听爸爸或妈妈朗读一篇优美的故事更能使一家人关系融洽和睦了 没有电视干扰的这一小时 可以成为朗读故事的时间 等这静悄悄的一小时过去后 想要再把我们从新发现的娱乐活动中拉回去 电视联播公司也许将被迫拿出些更好的节目来才行 comeupwith produce thinkof aplan ananswer areply etc 提出 想出 Hecanalwayscomeupwithanexcuseforbeinglate ItwasBobthatcameupwithapracticalsolutiontotheproblem 是鲍博提出了解决这个问题的一个切实可行的办法 show n 1 performance radiobroadcastingorTVprograms movie OfalltheTVprograms Iliketalkshowthebest 在所有的电视节目中 我最喜欢脱口秀 2 exhibition Theannualnationalautoshowwillbeheldinourcitythisyear 一年一度的全国汽车展今年将在我市举行 Atfirstglance theideaofanhourwithoutTVseemsradical Whatwillparentsdowithouttheelectronicbaby sitter Howwillwespendthetime Butitisnotradicalatall Ithasbeenonlytwenty fiveyearssincetelevisioncametocontrolAmericanfreetime Thoseofusthirty fiveandoldercanrememberchildhoodswithouttelevision spentpartlywithradio whichatleastinvolvedthelistener simagination butalsowithreading learning talking playinggames inventingnewactivities Itwasn tthatdifficult Honest Thetruthiswehadaball 乍一看 停播一小时电视的想法似乎过于偏激 如果少了这位电子保姆 做父母的可怎么办呢 我们怎么来打发这段时间呢 其实这个想法一点也不偏激 电视开始主宰美国人的空闲时间 至今也不过才二十五年 我们之中那些年满和年过三十五岁的人 还能回忆起没有电视相伴的童年 那时我们有一部分空闲时间以收音机为伴 听收音机至少还要发挥听者的想像力 但另外我们还看书 学习 交谈 做游戏 发明一些新的活动 日子也并不那么难过 真的 那时我们确实过得挺开心 atfirstglance atfirstlook Atfirstglance hissuggestionsoundsunreasonable Atthefirstglance thispaintingdoesn tlookgood 乍一看 这幅画并不怎么样 Heglancedoverhiswatchanddecidedtoleave glance stare都有 看 瞧 之意 glance指匆匆地或粗略地一看 侧重心不在焉地 匆忙地看一眼 他看了一下表决定离开 Hestaredthevisitorupanddown 他把来访者浑身上下打量了一番 stare侧重因惊奇 好奇 粗鲁无礼等而睁大眼睛看 involve vt 1 haveasapartorresult包含 学英语当然每天得做一些听 说 读 写的练习 Hedoesn twanttoinvolvehisbrotherintothisbusiness 2 causetobemixedup insth 使陷入 使卷入 他不想把弟弟卷入这件事中去 LearningEnglishnecessarilyinvolvesdoingsomelistening speaking readingandwritingeveryday Discussion ReadthetextandsummarizethebenefitsofturningoffTVforanhour 1 2 3 4 5 7 6 1 当今社会问题 currentsocialproblems UsefulExpressions 2 关掉电视 turnoffTV 3 我想建议 Iwouldliketoproposethat 4 晚间新闻 eveningnews 5 严肃而通情达理地来看 Let stakeaserious reasonablelookat 6 依法禁止 beprohibitedbylaw 7 采纳建议 acceptproposal 8 电视的干扰 distractionofTV 9 围坐一团 sitaroundtogether 10 代沟 generationgap 11 高离婚率 12 精神病 highdivorcerate mentalillness 13 无法沟通 failtocommunicate 14 情感障碍 emotionaldifficulty 15 看日出 日落 watchsunrise sunset 16 带着新奇的眼光去看 see withfresh neweyes 17 伴随电视成长的一代 thegenerationgrowingupwithtelevision 18 制作好节目 comeupwithgoodshows 19 需发挥想像 involveimagination 20 过得开心 haveaball UsefulExpressions 21 电视台 22 积极的消遣 23 大学水平 24 值得看的电视节目 25 偏激的想法 26 有文化的一代 televisionbroadcasting activepastime atcollegelevel worthwhileTVprograms radicalidea aliterategeneration Thefailuretotalktoeachothercausesallofthefollowingexcept a thehighdivorcerateb arealfamilyhourc thegenerationgapd someformsofmentalillness2 IfweturnedoffTVforanhour wewouldnothaveanyproblemsb therewouldbeahigherdivorceratec familiescouldtakearidetogetherd wecouldgotobedmuchearlier ComprehensionoftheText 3 Accordingtotheauthor a TVismoreentertainingthangoodbooksb goodbooksareasentertainingasTVc goodbooksarenotsoentertainingasTVd goodbooksaremoreentertainingthanTV4 Becauseyoungpeoplenowadaysdon treadmuch theyfindTVveryentertainingb theyhavealotoftimeforotherpastimesc theyhaveenoughtimetotalktooneanotherd evencollegestudentscan twriteverywell ComprehensionoftheText ComprehensionoftheText 5 TheideaofanhourwithoutTVisnotradicalbecause a itisonly25yearssinceTVbecameafavoritepastimeofAmericansb TVisanelectronicbaby sitterc wemightgetbettershowsd radioinvolvesthelistener simagination6 LifewithoutTV a wasn tgoodforchildren simaginationb usedtobeveryquietc usedtobealotoffund usedtobeverydifficult ComprehensionoftheText 7 Theexpression theelectronicbaby sitter inthelastparagraphmeans a arobot 机器人 lookingafterbabiesb anelectronicdoll 玩具娃娃 c televisiond atoybabieslikebest8 Whatisthemainideaofthearticle a ItisdifficulttoimaginelifewithoutTV b Weshouldshownotelevisionprogramsforaboutanhoureveryevening c Televisionimprovesourlives d SomeTVprogramsarenotworthwatching DiscusstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofwatchingTV TherearetwofieldsofwatchingTV Ononehand TVprovidesusalotofworthwhileprograms bywhichwecanknowalmostanythingweareinterestedin Ontheotherhand wemayspenttoomuchtimeonTV whichmightmakeusforgettodosomethingmoreimportantathand 7SumuptheadvantagesofturningoffTVforanhoureverynight TheadvantagesofturningoffTVforanhoureveryeveningarethefollowing 1 Familiesmightusethetimeforarealfamilyhour 2 Familymembersmightgettoknoweachotherbetterandtolikeeachotherbetter 3 Familiescouldrediscovermoreactivepastimes suchastakingaridetogethertowatchthesunsetortakingawalktogether 4 Thefreetimemightbespentonreading whichcouldhelpproduceamoreliteratenewgeneration5 Thequiethourcouldalsobecomethestoryhour activityactuallybarelycurrentdisturbemotionalgapimaginationinventinvolveneighborhoodprohibitproposalproposeratesocialtypicalworthwhileatfirstglancebringtogethercomeupwithgrowupinpart Words PhrasestoDrill 1 worthwhileprograms2 currentsocialproblems3 invent4 beprohibitedbylaw5 propose6 thegenerationgap7 disturb8 barely9 comeupwithbettershows10 wehadaball a putforwardforconsiderationb distancebetweentheyoungandtheoldc troublethemindofd hadaverygoodtimee almostnotf ofthepresenttimeg worththetimespenth Produce sth forthefirsttimei forbiddenj produce 10 d 1 g 2 f 3 h 4 i 5 a 6 b 7 c 8 e 9 j VocabularyActivities1 VocabularyActivities2 busy 2 refuse 3 atmost 4 same 5 success 6 sunrise 7 noisy 8 atpresent 9 necessary 10 turnon free accept atleast different failure sunset quiet inthepast unnecessary turnoff VocabularyActivities3 1 Beingasailor 水手 longperiodsoftimeawayfromhome 2 Themayorputforwarda toimprovepublictransportation 3 Bothparentsshouldtakeequalresponsibilityforthe needsoftheirchildren 4 theessaylookedquitegood butactuallyitwasfullofmistakes 5 ThoughWashington D C istheseatofgovernmentoftheUnitedStates NewYorkis thenation smostimportantcity involves proposal emotional Atfirstglance actually VocabularyActivities3 6 Hewasso tohearofhismother sillnessthathecouldnolongerconcentrateonhisstudies 7 A summerdayinthatareaishotanddry 8 Mr Smithkeptthinkinghard butfailedto aworkableplan 9 Enidconsideredteachinga career 职业 10 Einsteinoncesaid ismoreimportantthanknowledge disturbed typical comeupwith worthwhile Imagination VocabularyActivities3 11 Thegovernmentistakingeffectivemeasurestoovercome difficulties 12 Thehousesinour areveryexpensive 13 Iamafraidthatthe betweenrichandpoorisstillwideninginourcountry 14 Hisspare time includescooking tennisandswimming current neighborhood gap activities VocabularyActivities4 1 Tedisexpectedto afterhehasconsideredtheproblem comeupwith 2 Ihearyoungpeopleunder18 buyingcigarettesinthatcountry prohibit 3 Takingresponsibilityforyourselfispartoftheprocessof grow 4 Efforts ofdifferentraces 种族 andcultureshavenotmetwith 获得 completesuccess bringtogether 5 TheUnitedStatesexperiencedasharprise aftertheSecondWorldWar knownasthe babyboom 生育高峰 rate 6 Thecropfailurewasdue tothedrought 干旱 part comeupwithsomegoodideas areprohibitedfrom growingup tobringtogetherpeople initsbirthrate inpart 1 honest honest dishonest honestlya I thinkyouwouldbemakingamistakeifyouwentintobusinesswithGeorge b Jacksaidthathewouldhavenothingtodowith peoplelikeTomc Theyfailedtoconvince 使确信 herofhis d Tobequite aboutit yourplanisutterly 完全 impracticable e Hetriedtobean manallhislife honestly dishonest honesty honest honest 2 child childhood childish childishlya Itis torunintodangerfornothing b Harrywasbehavingvery atthedinnerpartylastnight c Doyouwishyouwerea again d isusuallyahappytimeoflife e Helikesclassicalmusiceversince childish childishly child Childhood ch