高三一轮复习虚拟语气(张居英)2012、10,11.ppt

wearenotready whatafinedayitis openthedoor please IfIwereyou IshouldstudyEnglishhard 虚拟语气 unrealconditionals 一 定义 虚拟语气用来描述与客观事实相反的情况或者不太可能发生的情况 也可以表示说话人的主观愿望或假想 二 虚拟语气的考点1 虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定 2 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法3 条件句中虚拟语气的倒装 4 名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法 5 几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法 unrealconditionals 虚拟语气 changesoftenses shoulddo If teachingaims Ifitdoesn traintomorrow wewillgotothepark 如果明天不下雨 我们就去公园 IfIwereyou Iwouldhaveattendedthemeeting 我要是你的话 就去参加会议了 comparison conlusion结论如果假设的情况发生的可能性很大 就是真实条件句 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的 或将来不大可能发生的 就是虚拟条件句 陈述语气与虚拟语气典型例题1 Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit A willrainB rainsC rainedD israined2 Wouldyouhavecalledherup possible Yes butI busydoingmyhomework A haditbeen wasB ifitwas wereC ifithadbeen hadbeenD ifitwere wouldbe B 该句为陈述语气 因为主句用的是willbeputoff 真实条件句主句为将来时 从句用一般现在时代将来时 问句中用的是虚拟语气 主句用wouldhavecalled 从句中与过去相反的动词形式为haddone 答句中表示的是真实的情况 所以该用陈述语气 A 1一般条件句中的虚拟语气 1 IfIhadtakenyouradvice Iwouldn thavemadeamistake 2 IfIwereyou Iwouldnotlethimknowthetruth 3 Ifweweretohavethreedaysoff wewouldenjoyaveryhappylife 与过去相反 与现在相反 与将来相反 1 Youdidn tletmedrive Ifwe inturn you sotired A drove didn tgetB drove wouldn tgetC weredriving wouldn tgetD haddriven wouldn tget 2 IfI you I veryhappy A were wouldbeB am shallbeC were shallbeD am wouldbe 3 Ifit tomorrow theshowwouldbeputoff A rainsB israiningC hadrainedD shouldrain 4 IfIhadknownthat I so A wouldn tdoB wouldn thavedoneC won tdoD shouldn tdo 条件状语的倒装 如果条件状语中有were had should时 可以省略if构成倒装 Were Should Had 主语 主 其他 WereIyou Iwouldtryitagain Hadhebeenthereyesterday hewouldhaveseenthefilm Shoulditsnowtomorrow wewouldn tgoout 1 IfIwereyou Iwouldtryitagain 2 Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday hewouldhaveseenthefilm 3 Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow wewouldn tgoout 4 theexam hewouldhaveattendacollege A IfhepassedB HadhepassedC WerehepassedD Ifheshouldpass 5 itraintomorrow weshouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheScienceMuseum A WereB shouldC wouldD will 三 错综时间的条件句即从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同 此时 需要按时间来确定虚拟形式 如 eg Ifhehadnottakenmyadvice hewouldn tdoitmuchbetterlikethis 如果他不听取我的建议 他就不会干得这样好 Ifthey hard they iteasilynow 如果他们以前努力学习的话 现在干的就会容易些 hadstudied coulddo 经典题目1 Ifyou himyesterday you whattodonow asked wouldknowhadasked wouldhaveknownC askedhim knowD hadasked wouldknow2 Whatwouldhavehappened asfarastheriverbank A BobhadwalkedfartherB ifBobshouldwalkfartherC hadBobwalkedfartherD ifBobwalkedfarther C D 3 HowIwisheveryfamily alargehousewithabeautifulgarden 02上海 A hasB hadC willhaveD hadhad4 Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater itlooksasifit 95N A breaksB hasbrokenC werebrokenD hadbeenbroken B C 2名词性从句中虚拟语气 should do insist 认为 order command suggest 建议 propose advise demand require request urgeinsistence order command suggestion proposal advice demand requirement requestItisimportant necessary natrual strange essential impossible nowonder apity that 1 Theteacherorderedthathe should notleavetheclassroom 2 Hegaveusasuggestionthateveryone should haveamap 3 Itisnecessarythatwe should breathealotoffreshair 1 Alltheteachersandstudentsdemandthey timeandfreedomoftheirown A hadB musthaveC haveD oughttohave 2 Weinsistthathe theletter A writeB couldwriteC wroteD canwrite 3 Theadvicethateverychild welllookedafterhasbeenconsidered A areB isC beD mustbe 4 Hegaveordersthatthehomework A ishandedinB washandedinC behandedinD werehandedin 5 Itisessentialthatagoodworker hisworkontime A finishedB finishC havetofinishD willfinish 第三类 时态变化 与过去事实相反与现在事实相反与将来事实相反 haddonedid werewould should could might do eg wish asif asthough ifonly wouldrather did 与现在或将来相反haddone 与过去事实相反 3几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法 1 wish 宾语从句 现在 过去 未来 过去时 did were 过去完成时 haddone would could might V should IwishIwereabird 现在 IwishIhadn tmadesuchamistake 过去 Wewishourparentswouldn tpunishus 未来 2 wouldratherthat 现在 过去 未来 Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow 现在 Iwouldratheryouhadgone too 过去 Don tcome Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow 未来 过去时 过去时 过去完成时 3 asif though 从句 现在 过去 过去时 过去完成时 Helooksasifheweredrunk Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson Itseemsasifitwerespring Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday 4 It shightime that should V 过去时 你该走了 我们该睡觉了 It shightimethatyouwent It shightimethatyouweregoing It shightimethatyoushouldgo It stimethatwewenttobed It stimethatweshouldgotobed 5 without和butfor构成虚拟 butfor要不是 Withoutsunlight people slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday Butforyourhelp Iwouldn thavefinishedthework Butforwater itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert 含蓄条件句 6 Ifonly 要是 就好了 IfonlyIknewhisname Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice IfonlyIcouldseehimagain 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了 要是我没错过火车就好了 Ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus IfonlyIhadn tmissedthetrain 7 语境中的虚拟语气 1 介词短语表条件Butforyourhelp wecouldn thavesucceeded Theywouldn thavereachedtheagreementsoeasilywithoutthatcommonground 2 情境中提供虚拟语气Supposetherewerenogravitationalforce objectswouldnotfalltothegroundwhendropped Shewasn tfeelingverywell Otherwiseshewouldn thaveleftthemeetingsoearly 1Hesuggestedthatthemeetingputoff A notbeB shouldnotC wouldn tD benot2Itisstrangethatheso A thinksB thinkC thoughtD willthink3IwishImyuncleyesterday A metB havemetC wouldmeetD hadmet4Theoldprofessorgaveordersthattheexperimentbefore6 A befinishedB willfinishhC befinishedD shallbefinished 5 Shesaysshe dratherhe tomorrowinsteadoftoday A hadleftB shouldleaveC leavesD left6 It salready5o clocknow Don tyouthinkit sabouttime A wearegoinghomeB ifsheleavesC wewenthomeD ifshehadleft 7It shightimehehome A goesB wentC willgoD isgoingtogo8yousucceedandyoubehealthy A May mayB Wish wishC Hope hopeD Should may9Galileoinsistedthattheearthroundthesun A shouldmoveB moveC movesD AorB 10IfonlyI tomyparents advice A listeningB listenC amlisteningD hadlistened11 Whydidn tyoucometothepartyyesterday I butanunexpectedvisitorcametoseeme A didB wouldC hadD wasgoingto12I dratheryou methenews A nottellB nottotellC didn ttellD hadn ttold 10IfonlyI tomyparents advice A listeningB listenC amlisteningD hadlistened11 Whydidn tyou