直接引语间接引语期中复习.doc

直接引语和间接引语一定义：直接引语：直接引述别人的原话 间接引语：用自己的话来转述别人的话二 区别：间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语一般前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号。例如： Mr. Black said, “Im busy.” 布莱克先生说：“我很忙。”（直接引语）Mr. Black said he was busy. 布莱克先生说他很忙。（间接引语）练习：Turn the following sentences into indirect speech. 把下列句子变换成间接引语。Model: “I will never forget this interesting lesson,” said Paul. Paul said (that) he would never forget that interesting lesson.二、将直接引与改为间接引语1He said: “Ive left my book in my room.” 2She said: “He will be busy.” 3She said to Tom, “Can you help me?” 4She asked, “Is this book yours or his?” 5The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?” 6The teacher said to the students, “Dont waste your time.” 7The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.” 8The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.” 9My father said, “Practice makes perfect.” 10The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.” 11He said, “We are still students. 12He said to me, “I was born in 1978.13The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.” 14He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.” 15She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus. 16Mr. Green said to them, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.”17He said, “We insisted that she start immediately.18She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.” 19I said to him, “I have finished it.” 20She said to us,“ Ill come here tomorrow.” 1、 句型的变化直接引语变间接引语时，句型要作适当变化1、 变陈述句为由that引导的从句（that常省略） e.g. I want to improve my English at school, said the child. The child said (that) he wanted to improve his English at school.2、 变一般疑问句为由if/whether引导的从句 e.g. Are you sure he will come today? Jenny asked Helen. Jenny asked Helen if/whether she was sure he would come that day.3、 变选择疑问句为由whether.or./whether.or not引导的从句 e.g. Is he a director or an actor? she asked me. She asked me whether he was a director or an actor.4、 变反意问句时，要视说话者的语气而定：(1) 表示疑问时，先需去掉后面的反意问句部分，再按一般疑问句变化。 e.g. You havent finished your composition, have you? the teacher said to me. The teacher asked me if I had finished my composition.(2) 表示提醒或警告等特别语气时，先按陈述句变化，再把间接引语前的动词更换为表示相应语气的动词remind，warn等。 e.g. Youre late for class, arent you? the teacher said angrily to me. The teacher warned me that I was late for class. Its time for you to school, isnt it? Mother said to my brother. Mother reminded my brother that it was time for him to go to school.5、 变特殊疑问词开头的问句为原特殊疑问词引导的从句 e.g. When did you come here? Tom asked Jim. Tom asked Jim when he had gone there.6、 变祈使句为不定式短语，作动词ask，tell，order，beg，request，advise，offer，warn等的宾语补足语，宾语为说话者的对象，选什么动词，视情况而定 e.g. The doctor said to the patient, Dont eat oily food again. The doctor advised the patient not to eat oily food again.7、 变感叹句为how或what引出的从句，也可用that引出从句 e.g. How clever a boy he is. the teacher said to the mother. The teacher told the mother how clever a boy he was.或 The teacher told the mother that he was clever boy. 8、 直接引语是多个句子时，按其句型特点，用上面的方法分别处理，并用and连接 e.g. Mrs. Smith said, I dont know the way to the station. How can I get there? Mrs. Smith said that she didnt know the way to the station and asked me how she could get there.9、 若直接引语是Whats the matter?/ What has happened?/ Whats wrong with.?时，变成间接引语语序不变。 e.g. Whats the matter? said he. He asked me what was the matter.但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。直接引语是客观真理或者名人名言，时态不变。如：The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如：Jack said. John, where were you going when I met you in the street?Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：Xiao Wang said. I was born on April 2l, 1980。 Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：He said, I get up at six every morning。 He said he gets up at six every morning。如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to， had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。如：Peter said. You had better come have today。 Peter said I had better go there that day。答案： 1 He said that he had left his book in his room. 2 She said that he would be busy. 3 She asked Tom if /whether he could help her. 4 She asked me whether that book was mine or his. 5 The teacher asked me how I had repaired it. 6 The teacher told the students not to waste their time. 7 The mother asked Tom to get up early. 8 The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 9 My father said practice makes perfect. 10 The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day 11 He said they are still students. 12 He told me that he was born in 1978. 13 The engineer said he was at college in 1967. 14 He said he had studied English since he was a boy. 15 She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus. 16 Mr. Green told them