赖世雄中级美语教程.doc

赖世雄中级美语教程1. Rome Wasnt Built in a Day p.1. English is an international language. Therefore, it is necessary for us to learn it. It can be rewarding or just a waste of time. Its up to you. It depends on how you study it. Here are some tips about learning English. First, dont be afraid to make mistakes. You will learn from them. Second, you must not be shy. Be thick-skinned and speak up! Finally, you must be patient. Remember, Rome wasnt built in a day. foul language 下流话Mandarin 普通话，国语Your stay here is just(or only) a waste of time.rewarding a.有（获）益的；修得做的，划算的Teaching is a very rewarding profession.教书是一种很有价值的职业Exercise is a rewarding for our health.by fits and starts. adv.间歇地,断断续续地,一阵一阵地My brother studied accounting by fits and starts, so he failed.tip n. 建议小费 提示，技巧 give sb. tips on/about sth. vt.给某人关于某事的建议 tip (about) = advice (on)a good piece of advice 不说: a good advicestink vi.臭 stingybe patient with sb. 对.有耐心thick-skinnned a.厚颜的Eg：If you want to be a good salesman,you must be thick-skinned.Dont be afraid to make mistake. 别怕犯错It depends on how you study it.那要看你如何去学习It depend on when you do it.那要看你何时去做2. How to Improve Your English p.9. Mack is talking to his friend Don. M: Hi, Don! How are you doing in your English class? D: Not so well, Im afraid. M: Whats the problem? D: Im not improving. Tell me, how come your English is so good? M: Well, uhI have an American girlfriend. D: Aha! Thats it. Now I know what to do. (He runs off.)M: Hey, Come back! I was just kidding! funny farm 疯人院 正式：mental asylumimprove sth = make a lot of improvement in sthhow come(口) 无需要倒装=why talk to(with) sb. about sth. vi. talk sb. into doing vt.说服When he gave a speech, we realized that he was just talking nonsense.He is a problem studnet.greeting 招呼语How are you doing in .? or: How are you getting along? 近来怎么样？久违的老朋友还可以说：How are you? or How have you been?Howdy 美国南部招呼语 answer: Howdyblind date 相亲,盲目约会I am afraid (that省略) it is going to rain, so we cant go on a picnic. 我认为.(弱语气)Whats the problem (with)? = Whats wrong?= Whats the matter (with)?goof around 浪费时间，混时间Aha, thats it. = Aha, I get it. = I understand.kidding = joking3. The City of Song p.13 Listening to music is the favorite pastime of many people all over the world. This is especially true for people living in Vienna, the city of song. Being the home of Mozart, this city is the birthplace of classical music and the waltz. Music fills the air in Vienna. Going to public concerts is often free of charge. And dont forget, Vienna is also home to the world famous Vienna Boys Choir. No wonder people say Austria is always alive with the sound of music. Austria Australia jog 慢跑 chore 杂物(可数) potbelly 大肚皮 He is a potbelly.the world over adv. = around the world = throughout the world = all over the worldmaestro 艺术大师，名作曲家birthplace 发源地，诞生日 classical 古典的 classic 经典的be free (of charge) 免费的 This sample is free of charge. be enslaved by 被.奴役 be enslaved to a bad habit 改不掉坏习惯be home to 某地是的所在地出产地聚集地be the home of 某地是的故乡老家no wonder + clause（主+v.） adv.难怪 Eg：No wonder Bruce is in such a good shape, he excercises. No wonder youre so thin, you eat so little.be alive with a.活的，充满的Eg：The room is alive with childrens laughter. sth. fill the air 充满着某物Eg：Romatic love songs fill the air in that cozy Italian restaurant.那家温馨的意大利餐馆充满着罗曼蒂克的情歌4. He Who Hesitates Is Lost p.21 Mike is in Vienna with his girlfriend Daisy. M: Are you having a good time, Daisy? D: Are kidding? Im having the time of my life. I loved the concerts. M: Concert going is fantastic but what else can we do? D: Biking along the banks of the river Danube could be fun. M: It sounds like a great idea! D: Lets do it then. M: Youre right. As they say, He who hesitates is lost. He who(引导表语从句) hesitates is lost. 迟疑着将丧失良机.hesitates to 做犹豫不决 He who +单数动词 “凡是的人.”= one who. = those who +复数动词Eg：He who works hard will be successful. He means anyone. or: one, thoseI was lost in that music. 沉醉于 = be absorbed in ones workWhile on vacation last year, I visited France and Italy. 渡假Chinese character “中国字” 不说 Chinese wordsThe artist will put on (hold) an exhibit next month. (put on 娱乐)fantastic = wonderful, great, awesome, terrific (cool for the young) aweful = terrible 糟Biking along the bank could be/can be/must be/is fun. have 做“有”无进行时态Eg：I have a car. I have time. 即，无法说正在的词，无进行时态I love you.5. Bungee Jumping p.26 Bungee jumping looks like fun. It makes me nervous just to watch someone do it. It certainly takes a lot of guts to jump one thousand feet above the water with only a rope tied to your legs. It scares me just to think about it. However, it is something I really want to do one day. Some people think Im crazy. They say to jump is foolish enough, but to have to pay for it is madness. I dont agree. For me, to live a short and exciting life is far better than to live a long and boring one. What do you think? wild boar 野猪Paper originated in China. 起源于have the guts(口语)/courage to be. 有做的勇气胆量 pluck up ones courage 鼓起勇气 muster up ones courageEg：Bill does not have the guts to ask Marry to go out for a date.be tied to = be bound (bind) to 被.绑在That poor dog is tied/bound to the fence, he can not run away.be scared of = be frightened of Peter is scared of snakes. scare sb. to death 把某人吓的要死 He scared me to death.He looked into the mirror and found he looked much older. 照镜子cockroach(es) 蟑螂 lunatic n.adj疯子 luna 月亮(拉丁文)get somewhere 有出息 get nowhere 没出息If you work hard you get somewhere someday.I agree with you on this point, but I disable agree with you on that point.agreeable 相处容易的: I like Marry, because shes a very agreeable personality.live/lead + a/an +a. life 过着生活The famous sight lives/leads a simple life.boring a.令人厌烦的，无聊的（指事） So boring 真无聊 boring day be bored with a.感到厌烦的（指人）=be fed up with =be sick of =be tired of “受够了” “对感厌烦”What do you think?你认为呢？looks /tastes /sounds like(prep.) 后接名词 “象”知觉动词vt.看：see, watch,look at(注视) 听：hear,listion to 感觉：feel 1)vt.+宾+宾补(动原) 强调确有事情发生，表进行时态2)vt.+宾+宾补(现在分词) 强调事情正在发生3)vt.+宾+宾补(过去分词) 强调被动的状态6. Nothing Ventured, Nothing Gained p.35 Lisa and Bill are talking about their future. L: Whats your goal in life, Bill? B: To fly in the sky and feel as free as a bird. L: Thats easy. B: What do you mean? L: Go bungee jumping. B: You mush be kidding. Its too dangerous. L: Well, nothing ventured, nothing gained. If nothing is ventured, nothing will be gained.Everybody shoule have a goal in life. My goal is to learn English better one day.Growing up is learning experience.pearl 珍珠 Pearl 女人名carve out 雕刻出,开创出 Eg:By going to school and studying hard, Sam carved out a good career of his future.attain/reach/fulfill ones goalPeter and Bruce are as busy as bees. Ever since sam lived on his own, he has felt as free as a bird.山姆自从独立生活以来觉得自由极了To fly in the sky and feel as free as a bird.象鸟儿一样在天气自由翱翔。What do you mean by calling me at midnight?你深夜打电话给我是什么意思？1take it easy(ad.) 放松点 2easy(a.) Eg:easy come,easy go. / Thats easy.feel +a.(主补) go +doing 从事某种短暂的活动go shopping go fishing7. Doctor Death p.39 Whether very sick people should be helped to end their own lives is a question many people cannot answer. However, Dr.Kevorkian is an exception. That he has done this more than twenty times is known to everyone. Some say what he is doing is immoral. They call him Doctor Death. Others say what he is doing is merciful. They call it mercy killing. Whether Dr.Kevorkian should be allowed to continue doing this is a real problem for the government. There seem to be two sides to the argument. Which side are you on? be known as +身份为人所知be known to sb. 为某人所熟知 be known for sth. Eg:Dont you know? 你难道不知道？ Eg：The old man is known for his generosity.那个老人以慷慨闻名。One is known by company he keeps. 观其友，知其人spooky 幽灵般的 Halloween 万圣节end ones life 结束某人的生命to end ones own life = to put an end to ones own lifeWhen the movie came to an end, many people were crying. 结束I helped Mother wash(=do) the dishes last night.Every rule has its exception. = There is an exception to every rule.with the exception of . 除之外inconvenient 不方便 不说：Are you convenient? 而说：Are you free new?That he doesnt study makes me angry. 名词从句 that 不能省mercy killing 安乐死be faithful to sb. sth.忠实于某人某事Eg：Its immoral to be unfaithful to your girlfriend.对女友不忠实是不道德的。agrue over.为争论The old couple argued over trivial matters all day long.那对老夫妇成天为一些芝麻蒜皮的小事争吵。8. No Hearts or No Brains? P.52 Helen and Dick are talking about the previous article. H: I dont understand how people can think Dr. Kevorkian is doing the right thing. D: Well, helping people die with dignity is not that bad, in it? H: Dont you know ? Where there is life, there is hope. D: Come on. Be realistic. Those people who want to die are suffering. Its better that they go quickly and painlessly. H: All you men have no hearts. D: And all you women have no brains. We teach our children to momerize/remenber their telepphone number by heart. 默背Peter is really a kind of man at heart. at heart 本性上beat ones brains 绞尽脑汁I stayed up all night and beat my brains, but I couldnt think of the answer.understanding = considerate = thoughtful 体谅的To my understanding,.=To my knowledge, . (放句首)就我所知kangaroo 袋鼠that bad = so badWhere there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成stay up / sit up熬夜suffer from +疾病“长期（患）的疾病”Eg：My mother suffers from migraine headaches. (偏头痛)9. Be Thoughtful p.58 Being thoughtful simply means thinking of others before yourself. What you say or do will have an effect on others. So it is important that you think before you say or do anything. In this way, you can avoid hurting others feelings. Moreover, a thoughtless act or remark can spoil a perfect relationship. Remember these rules, If you dont have anything nice to say, dont say anything. Likewise if you think what you do will hurt others,dont do it After all,what goes around comes around.Children should be considerate of old people. 体谅mean to do 打算做 mean doing 意味着When I say I mean to do it, I mean it.essential = necessary / importantIt is important that he (should) be punctual.a piece of cake = It is cinch(俚easy).feeling 感觉 feelings 感情scold 责骂 undermine 破坏(少用)likewise 同样地 =by the same tokenYesterday was a lousy day. By the same token today doest look any better. What goes around comes around. 种什么因，得什么果。What是复合代词=the things which “所东西”Eg：What you ordered is not available.你所点的东西卖完了。What the child needs is love. 孩子所需要的是爱疑问词引导的名词从句p4510. What Are Friends For? P.65Jane meets her old friend, Fred. J: Hi, Fred! Hows everything? F:Not so good(well),Im afraid.Supporting a family is becoming more and more difficult these days.J: What you say cant be more true. Everything is so expensive. I can hardly make ends meet myself. F: Oh, really? Do you need any money? What I have is not much, but I can loan you some. J: Im OK. Thanks for being so thoughtful anyway. F: What are friends for? 要不然要朋友干嘛？flatter 奉承 flatteryn.1meet with trouble 遇到麻烦in trouble 2meet sb 3The chinaman presided over the meeting.4meet you halfway 折衷 meet sb. halfway v.在半路迎接某人, 迎合某人Lets compromise 妥协 to reach a compromisepolite behaviorPeter is afraid/scared/frightened of snakes.cockroach(es) 蟑螂support a family 养家 back you up 支持I couldnt careless. 不在乎hardly = almost notbe becoming/getting + 比较级a. + and + 比较级a. “变得越来越” = be becoming/getting increasingly(日益,愈加)+ a. . Eg：I find that people are becoming more and more materialistic.= I find that people are becoming increasingly materialistic. 人们变得越来越物质了The weather is getting hotter and hotter.= The weather is getting increasingly hot.主+cannot be +比较级a. “再也没有了；到极点了”What you say cant be more true.你说的对极了。Eg：The answer you gave cannot be more wrong. 你的答案大错特错The remark he made could not be more sarcastic. 他所说的话讽刺到极点了Today many city couples both have to work, or they cant make ends meet. 收支平衡We are in need of more parks in our city. = We need more.get by 说的过去，混过get at = I see.11. Power without Pollution p.69 Pollution is a big problem in almost all the big cities of the world. City people are, therefore, becoming more and more worried about how they can get rid of pollution. They are also concerned about whether the government is doing enough to protect the environment. However, people in Ireland dont have these worries. They are sure that they have found the answer to the problem. They use windmills. These windmills can create power without creating pollution. This method is so successful that other countries are thinking of doing the same. Why not? What works for Ireland can work for any other country. I am ready. = I am all set.Dont pollute this river.Yesterday afternoon we had a power failure for two hours. 停电During the power failuer, the lights usually go out.a big problem = a serious problemYou should rid youreself of that bad habit of smoking.concerned = worriedPeople in ireland, however, dont have these worries.People in ireland dont, however, have these worries.answer to = solution to creat / produce / generate12. Stop the Noise p.77 Mr. Chen is talking to his neighbor Mrs. Wang. C: May I have a word with you? W: Sure. Whats the problem? C: Its about your son. Im tired of his making so much noise at all hours of the day. W: Im sorry. Im sure hes not doing it on purpose. C: Im sure hes not. But we can do without the noise pollution, you know? W: Youre absolutely right. By the way, how was your party last night? It sure sounded like you had a great time. C: Uh poorly My girlfriend and I had a chat at a shop yesterday have a word with sb about sth = talk with(to) sb about sthhave words with = argumentstingy 小气sure = of course = you betbe in love with 状态 fall in love with 动作I am tired. 累 I am tired of sth = I am sick of sth 厌烦I am tired of that 从句 错 变化1: I am tired of the fact that 从句 变化2: I am tired of sbs V-ing 所有格I am curious about that he studies hard. 错 变化：I am curious about the fact that he studies hard.或：I am curious about his studying hard.that 不能做介词的宾语on purpose = with intention = intentionallycan do without 没有.也可以cant do without 没有.就不行It sure sounds like . sure / like 口语用法13.Health Comes First p. 81 Smoking is bad in that it is harmful to ones health. In spite of the fact that doctors have even warned that it causes cancer, people still keep on smoking. In some Western countries, however, people are beginning to kick the bad habit. They realize that health should come first. To help them quit smoking, there are laws against cigarette advertising and smoking in public places. This is praiseworthy except that Western countries are now selling cigarettes in the East in greater numbers than ever. That they are doing this is immoral, dont you think? put out my cigaretteonce and for all 断然地, 坚决地Health comes first. 健康至上Health is wealth. Health is above wealth.Dogs can be dangerous, in that, they can bite.be in good/poor health in spite of = despite + the fact that 从句keep (on) V-ing on 可省略If you keep studying, you will master English.kick the bad habit of smoking get rid ofBob realized his dream after graduating from college.Peter placed an advertisemnet in the newspaper for a helper. 登广告He is a nice guy except that he smokes.than ever(before) 加不加before均可That they are doing this is immoral, dont you think? immortal 不朽的14. Quit Cold Turkey p.89 Jane is talking to her boyfriend. J: You promised me that you were going to give up smoking. Whats that in your hand? B: Im sorry. I really want to except that every time I get nervous, I cant help smoking. J: Thats just an excuse. B: No. Its true. Ive tried everything: chewing gum, biting my fingernails and even meditation, but nothing works. J: Well, if you want to be with me, youll just have to quit cold turkey. B: That will work! quit asking me so many questionsquit cold turkey cold turkey(adv) = all at once 一劳永逸stand for 代表Edward promise Sally to meey her at six.You promised me that you would meet me at six, but you were late.I promise to help you with the disdes after dinner.Tom made a promise to Sally to marry her.Tom made a promise to Sally that he would marry her.I cant help smoking. = I cant help but smoke.Id like to go with you except that I am too tired.whenever = every timeEvery time I go fishing, I catch nothing.Ill be true to sb. = Ill be faithful to sb.meditation 打坐，冥想a stick of gum = a piece of guma pack of cigarette15. Dont Rely on Luck! P.93 Passing exams is every students dream. Failing them is their nightmare. So, to realize their dreams, many students try anything. They even go to fortunetellers, buy lucky charms and follow old customs. In Korea, many students bury something personal in the university they want to enter. They believe that these things will act as magnets and pull them into the university. Whether it works or not, nobody really knows. At least it does ease the students minds about passing exams. Remember, though, you cant always rely on luck. There is no substitute for hard work. dont rely on luck 勿心存侥幸bill 纸钞pass the exam fail the exam flunk the exam(俚,fail)dream a sweet dream 做了一个梦I dreamed about/of you last night. dream about/of kissing sb 梦见I had a nightmare dream la