过去分词作宾语补足语概述.doc

过去分词作宾语补足语的用法: (一)能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下三类: 1. 表示感觉或心理状态的动词.如:see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等. (1) I heard the song sung in English. 我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌.(过去分词sung的动作显然先于谓语动作heard;) (2)_He found his hometown greatly changed. 他发现他的家乡变化很大.(过去分词changed的动作显然先于谓语动作found) 2. 表示致使意义的动词.如:have, make, get, keep, leave等. (1) Ill have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理发. (2) He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了. (3) Dont leave those things undone. 要把那些事情做完. 【注意】过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系. (二)使役动词have接过去分词作宾补有两种情况. 1. 过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成. (1) He had his money stolen.他的钱给偷了.(被别人偷去了) 2. 过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历.如: (2) He had his leg broken.他的腿断了. (自己的经历) with +宾语+过去分词结构 with +宾语+过去分词结构中,过去分词用作介词 with的宾语补足语.这一结构通常在句中作时间,方式,条件,原因等状语.例如: (1) The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. 凶手被带进来了,他的双手被绑在背后.(表方式) (2) With water heated, we can see the steam. 水一被加热,我们就会看到水蒸气.(表条件) (3) With the matter settled, we all went home. 事情得到解决,我们都回家了.(表原因) (4)_She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face. 她站在他面前,眼睛注视着他. (5) He stood for an instant with his hand still raised. 他仍然举着手站了一会儿.过去分词在句中用作宾语补足语，有三点需要特别注意： 1. 分析句中宾语和宾语补足语之间的关系，如果是动宾关系，即被动关系，才能用过去分词做宾语补足语。 2. 一般情况只有及物动词的过去分词才能用做宾语补足语。 3. 并不是所有的动词都可以带宾语加过去分词做宾语补足语的结构，高中范围内，常用的有如下动词： 、 hear, see, feel, watch, find 等表示感觉和心理状态的动词。 They had never heard it openly discussed before. 他们从来没听人公开谈过这件事。 He saw the man knocked down by a motor cycle. 他看到这个人被一辆摩托车撞到了。 He felt a great weight taken off his mind. 他感到去掉了一件大心事。 Helpless, we watched a whole seasons labor and half a years food destroyed. 我们眼睁睁地看着整整一季度的劳动和半年的粮食给毁掉了。 The old woman found two of the windows broken . 老妇人发现有两扇窗户给打破了。 、 make, get, have 等表示“致使”意义的动词。 When you speak English, be sure to make yourself understood. 说英语时一定要让人听懂你的意思。 The next problem is to get the land ploughed. 下一个问题就是翻地。 注意“ have+ 宾语 +done ”这一结构，有两种含义， 一种为“让别人做某事”， 一种为“（主语）遭遇到某事”。 Last year, we had the house rebuilt. 去年我们请人把房子翻修了一下。 She had her watch stolen. 她的表给人偷了。 、 keep, leave 等表示“使继续处于某种状态” 的动词。 He couldnt keep his eyes shut to all this. 他不能对这一切视而不见。 Im sorry Ive left some of your questions unanswered. 很抱歉，你有些问题我没有回答。 注意： keep 注重状态的持续， leave 更强调“留下”的含义。 、 like, want, wish, order 等表示“希望或要求”意义的动词。 这类动词后面的宾语补足语，本来用不定式的被动形式，由于“ to be” 往往省略，就成了过去分词形式了。 He wont like such questions ( to be ) discussed at the meeting. 他不希望这样的问题在会上讨论。 The readers wished the discussion ( to be ) continued. 读者希望讨论继续下去。 We dont want anything said about this. 我们希望这事不要谈起了。 He ordered the repor