江西省上饶市横峰中学高中英语《unit5 Learning about Language》教学课件 新人教版选修7.ppt

高二人教新课标版选修七 unit5travellingabroad learningaboutlanguage learningaboutlanguage theattributiveclause2 在定语从句中 当先行词是表示时间 地点或原因的名词时 就要分别用关系副词when where why来引导 在从句中作状语 关系副词when where why的含义相当于 介词 which 结构 因此常常可以和 介词 which 结构交替使用 1 irememberedthedaywhen onwhich ifirstcametotheschool 2 beijingistheplacewhere inwhich iwasborn 3 isthisthereasonwhy forwhich herefusedtohelpyou 关系代词vs关系副词 选择关系代词 还是关系副词首先要判断先行词在定语从句中充当的成分 关系代词一般充当主语 宾语 whose充当定语 而关系副词一般充当状语 1 thisisthefactorywhereistayedlastyear 2 thisisthefactorywhichivisitedlastyear 3 i llneverforgetthedayswheniworkedwithyouinthecity 4 i llneverforgetthedaysthatispentwithyouinthecity 1 isthisthemuseum youvisitedafewdaysago a whereb thatc onwhichd theone2 isthismuseum youvisitedafewdaysago a whereb thatc onwhichd theone b d choosethebestanswer 1 thereason hegaveusisenough 2 thereason hewaslateisunknown 3 wemustlearntoactinways donotharmotherlivingthings 4 idon tliketheway hetalks 5 thisistheway hethoughtoftosolvetheproblem that which why that which that inwhich that which fillintheblanks 介词 关系代词 1 根据介词和定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配 whoisthemanwithwhomyoujustshookhands inthedarkstreettherewasn tasingleperson shecouldturnforhelp a thatb whoc fromwhomd towhom析 答案为d 介词to和定语从句中的turn构成固定搭配turntosb forhelp 意为 向某人求助 d 2 根据定语从句意思的需要 此时不但要注意其前的搭配也要注意其后的搭配 hehadabadcold becauseofwhichhedidn tattendthemeeting intheofficeineverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5 30pm manypeoplehavegothome a whosetimeb thatc onwhichd bywhich析 答案为d 根据句意 到下午5 30时 许多人已经到家了 且定语从句中又用了完成时 故应用介词by d 注意 1 介词后面的关系词不能省略 2 that前不能有介词 3 某些在从句中充当时间 地点或原因状语的 介词 关系词 结构可以同关系副词when where和why互换 thisisthehouseinwhichilivedtwoyearsago thisisthehousewhereilivedtwoyearsago 4 whose可转换为 of 关系代词 型 theyliveinahouse whosedooropenstothesouth theylivedinahouse ofwhichthedooropenstothesouth theylivedinahouse thedoorofwhichopentothesouth 1 thesungivesusheatandlight whichwecan tlive 2 thestudent whomweweretalkingisthebeststudentinourclass 3 i llneverforgettheday whichshesaidgood byetome about on without fillintheblankswithproperprepositions 4 whocangivemethereason whichhehasn tturnedupyet 5 inthedarkstreet therewasn tasingleperson shecouldturnforhelp 6 hepaidtheboy 10forwashingthewindows hadn tbeencleanedforatleastayear for towhom mostofwhich formoreexercises clickhere thenon restrictiveattributiveclause非限制性定语从句 1 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句 所谓限制性定语从句就是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语 如果去掉 主句就会失去意义或意义不完整 这种从句和先行词的关系十分密切 写时不用逗号和主句分开 iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvited 我是我们办公室唯一被邀请的人 如果把从句去掉 整个句子的含义就变了 非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句和主句的关系并不十分密切 只是对先行词做些附加说明 如果去掉 主句的意思仍然清楚 这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号隔开 在讲话时语调上须停顿 一般不用that引导 hisdog whichwasthenveryold becameillanddied 他的狗当时很老了 生病后就死了 去掉从句 主句的意义仍然完整 他的狗生病死了 2 yesterdayimetlilei whoseemedtobeverybusy 昨天我碰上李雷了 他好象很忙 去掉从句 意义仍然完整 昨天我碰上李雷了 2 非限制性定语从句中的一些问题 非限制性定语从句中 指物时 用which而不用that football whichisaveryinterestinggame isplayedallovertheworld 2 allthebooksthere whichhavebeautifulpicturesinthem werewrittenbyhim b 指人时主格用who 宾格用whom 物主格用whose 也可指物 misshowe whomyoumetinthelibrary isournewteacher 2 thearabs whoarefamousfortheirhorsesandcamels usetheseanimalsforworkandinsports 3 liming whosemotherhasbeenillfortwodays isabsentfromschooltoday c 另外关系副词when 指时间 where 指地点 也可以引导非限制性定语从句 注意关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句 why不引导定语从句 helivesinthecity wherethereisahightower 2 thepeople srepublicofchinawasfoundedin1949 whenhewasborn d 介词加关系代词也可以引导非限定性定语从句 1 wudong withwhomiwenttoseethefilm enjoyeditverymuch 2 herbag inwhichsheputallherbooks hasnotbeenfound 3 thestoryaboutthelongmarch ofwhichthisisanexample arewellwritten 3 as which非限定性定语从句由as which引导的非限定性定语从句 as和which可代整个主句 相当于andthis或andthat as一般放在句首 which在句中 asweknow smokingisharmfultoone shealth thesunheatstheearth whichisveryimportanttous as在定语从句中作主语 宾语 或表语 as常用于thesame as such as as as和so as结构中 as引导的定语从句常采用省略形式 ihaveneverseensuchalazymanasyou are 我从来没有见过像你这样懒的人 作表语 as引导的限制性定语从句 letchildrenreadsuchbooksaswillmakethembetterandwiser 让孩子们读使他们变得更好更聪明的书 作主语 takeasmanyasyouwant 你想要多少就拿多少 作宾语 hereissobigastoneasnomancanlift 这儿有一块没人能搬走的那么大的石头 作宾语 注 thesame 后既可以用that也可以用as来引导定语从句 that 同一的 即指同一事物 而后者引导定语从句时 as 相似 即指同类事物 如 1 thisisthesamepenthatilostyesterday thissentencemeans thispenismine ilostityesterday 2 thisisthesamepenasilostyesterday thissentencemeans thispenisverymuchlikeminethatilostyesterday infact itisn tmine as和which的区别 首先 as和which都可以表示主句在意义上的连贯 在从句中作主语 或用作及物动词的宾语 e g hemarriedher which aswasnatural iwasveryusefultohim which asherealized 但下列情况下as和which一般不能互换 as既可以指前面提到过的事实或情况 因此as可以放在句首 句末 也可以插入主句中 而which指前面提到的事实或情况 一般放在主句之后 有时也可用as 如 asourteacherpointsout thatbookisofbenefittoeveryone heatisaformofenergy asisknowntoallofus thismachine asmightbeexpected hasstoppedoperating 2 as含有正如 按照 正像之意 as一般用在肯定句中 而which则可以用于含否定意义的句子中 如 hefailedintheexamagain aswasexpected hefailedintheexamagain whichwasunexpected 3 当关系代词代表主句引起的结果 又做主谓宾补结构中的主语时 多用which 如 hesawthegirl whichdelightedhim hedidn tpasstheexam whichmadehismotherangry 4 下列固定结构 一般不能用which 如 ashasbeensaidbefore如前所述asoftenhappens正像经常发生的那样asiswellknown众所周知aswillbeshowninfig3将如图3所示asweknow正如我们知道的那样asmaybeimagined这可以想象得出来asweallcansee正如我们大家看到的那样asfollows如下 1 2007山东 wearejusttoreachapoint bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk a whereb thatc whend which解析 本句中先行词apoint astageinsth sdevelopment表发展的阶段 地步 为抽象地点 故选关系副词where引导定语从句 真题解析 a 2 thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar awayvillage a untilb thatc whend where解析 本题考察定语从句 主句中的先行词thehours被其它成分分割 只要考生能够认清真正的先行词 就不难得出答案 thehours表示时间 所以应该选择一个表示时间的关系副词 即when c 高考链接 2010 10福建24 stephenhawkingbelievesthatearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet lifehasdevelopedgradually a thatb wherec whichd whose2 10湖南28 i vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool imetintheenglishspeechcontestlastyear a whob wherec whend which b a 高考链接 2009 09山东24 wheneverimether wasfairlyoften shegreetedmewithasweetsmile whob whichc whend that2 09宁夏海南28 shebroughtwithherthreefriends noneof ihadevermetbefore a themb whoc whomd these b c 1 theywillflytowashington theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays 2008重庆 a whereb therec whichd when2 occasionsarequiterare ihavethetimetospendadaywiththekids 08山东 a whob whichc whyd when 高考链接 2008 a d 3 i llgiveyoumyfriend shomeaddress icanbereachedmostevenings 08北京卷 a whichb whenc whomd where4 alltheneighboradmirethisfamily theparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriend 2008安徽卷 a whyb wherec whichd that a b 1 wheredidyougettoknowher itwasonthefarm weworked 2007山东卷 a thatb therec whichd where2 lastw