初中英语的八种时态.doc

. 初中英语八种时态归纳复习时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容，广大初中学生在实际运用时，往往对时态总是倍感棘手，下面我们就归纳复习一下這几种时态。一、一般现在时：概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays, etc.基本结构：be动词；行为动词否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加dont,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。二、一般过去时：概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.基本结构：be动词；行为动词否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。三、现在进行时：概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.基本结构：am/is/are+doing否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。四、过去进行时：概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。基本结构：was/were+doing否定形式：was/were + not + doing.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。五、现在完成时：概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语：recently, lately, sincefor,in the past few years, etc.基本结构：have/has + done否定形式：have/has + not +d one.一般疑问句：have或has。六、过去完成时：概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term, month),etc.基本结构：had + done.否定形式：had + not + done.一般疑问句：had放于句首。七、一般将来时：概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by,the day after tomorrow, etc.基本结构：am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do.否定形式：was/were + not; 在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。八、过去将来时：概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。时间状语：the next day(morning, year),the following month(week),etc.基本结构：was/were/going to + do；would/should + do.否定形式：was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。. 几种常見时态的相互轉换英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相轉换，以下是几种常見的轉换形式：一、一般过去时与现在完成时的轉换在现在完成时中，延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语連用，瞬间动词却不能。但是，可用別的表达方式：瞬间动词用于“一段时间 + ago”的一般过去时的句型中；瞬间动词可改成与之相对應的延续性动词及短语，与一段时间連用；瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时”的句型中，表示“自从以来有时间”的意思，主句一般用it is来代替It has been;瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般过去时”的句型中。请看：A. He joined the League two years ago.B. He has been in the League for two years.C. It is two years since he joined the League.D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.二、一般现在时与现在进行时的轉换在一般现在时中，at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”，如at work（在工作）, at school（上学、上课）等。此短语可与进行时态轉换。请看：Peter is at work, but Mike is at play.Peter is working, but Mike is playing.三、现在进行时与一般将来时的轉换在现在进行时态中go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语連用表示将要发生的动作。如：I am coming, Mum! 意为“我就来，妈妈！”请看：The train is leaving soon.The train will leave soon.四、“be going to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的轉换“be going to+动词原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事；将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中，当主语为第一人称时，常用助动词shall。在口语中，所有人称都可以用will。请看：We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday.We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday中考英语总复习：单项选择训练汇萃370题单项选择训练汇萃370题中考总复习 单项选择训练之A词类 ( ) 1. -Have you had _ breakfast yet? - No, not yet.A./ B. a C. the D. an( )2. Lets look at the bag. Can you see _“s”on the corner of_ bag?A. a, a B. a, the C. an, a D. an, the( )3. There is egg on the table, egg is for you.A. a, A B. an, An C. an, The D. the, An( )4. Our teacher told us that _ moon moves around _ earth, and_ earth circles_ sun.A. a, a, a, a B. an, an, an, an C. the, the, the, the D. /, /, /, /( )5. At that time, he was studying in_ university. And it was a famous one.A./ B. the C. a , D. an( )6. _ mother is a worker.A. Mary and Mikes B. Marys and Mikes C. Marys and Mike D. Mary and Mike( )7.He has searched the _ or 2 hours for the information about Yang Liwei.A. mouse B. keyboard C. Internet D. computer( )8.The room is too small, there s no enough _for another desk.A. place B. room C. floor D. ground( )9.There may be something wrong with her _,she can t see things clearly.A. eyes B. ears C. mouth D. nose( )10.- Which room shall we live in tonight? In _.A. the Room 406 B. Room 406 C. the 406 Room D. 406 Room( )11. Well be away for two weeks because well have a _.A. two-weeks holiday B. two weeks holidaysC. two- week holiday D. two-weeks holiday( )12. The number of the students in our grade _about six _,of them are girls.A. are, hundreds, two- thirds B. is, hundred, two- thirdC. is, hundred, two thirds. D. are, hundreds, two third( )13. _ travellers come to visit our city every year.A. Hundred of B. Hundreds of C. Five hundreds D. Hundred( )14. He spent _ yuan on the new computer.A. five thousand, three hundred and forty B. five thousand, three hundred and fortiesC. five thousands, three hundred and forty. D. five thousands, hundreds and forty( )15. My home is about _ from my school.A. 15 minutes B. 10 minutes ride C. 20 minutes by bike D. 15- minutes on foot.( ) 16. We are doing much better _ English _ our teachers help.A. in, at B. at, in C. in, with D. with, with( ) 17. The food _ my hometown is quite different _that there.A. in, like B. to, from C. from, to D. in, from( ) 18. Before 1992, there was no airline _ the two cities.A. along B. in C. between D. among( ) 19. _the new computer, travellers at the offices of CAAC can now buy their air tickets much faster. A. Because B. Thanks for C. Thanks to D. Since( )20. He had _ much work to do that he couldnt go out.A. so B. such C. as D. or( )21. Tom has been in the factory _he left school.A. when B. since C. as soon as D. whether( )22. The nurse doesnt feel well today, _ she still works very hard.A. but B. and C. or D. when( ) 23. _ my mother _ my sister watches TV plays these days.A. Either, nor B. Both, and C. Neither, or D. Neither, nor( ) 24. He walked _ fast for us _catch up with.A. so, that B. such, that C. enough, to D. too, to( ) 25. Lucy knew nothing about it _ her sister told her.A. because B. until C. if D. since( ) 26. I dont think it very expensive to buy a family computer here.- Really? Ill buy _ next week.A. it B. this C. one D. mine ( ) 27.-Which would you like, rice or noodles? -_is OK. Im hungry.A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. All ( ) 28. We found _ necessary to protect the environment.A. it B. this C. that D. what( )29. The weather in Beijing is cooler than _ in Guangzhou.A. this B. it C. that D. one( )30. There is _in todays newspaper.A. new anything B. new something C. anything new D. something new( )31 .- May I use your pen? Mine is broken.- Of course, here are two and you can use _ of them.A. both B. every C. any D. either( ) 32. We cant buy anything because _of the shops are open at this time.A. all B. some C. any D. none( )33.- Please write to me when you have time. - Sure. But _is your e - mail address?A. when B. where C. what D. which( ) 34. He couldnt buy the dictionary because he had _money with him.A. a few B. few C. a little D. little( ) 35.- Have you finished your composition yet? - No, Ill finish it in ten minutes. A. another B. more C. other D. else( )36. Theres _interesting in the film, so _is interested in it.A. something, nobody B. nothing, somebody C. anything, anybody. D. nothing, nobody.( )37. I think Toms bike is older than _.A. my B. his C. your D. her( )38. Oh, boys and girls, come in please. And make _at home.A. yourself B. us C. you D. yourselves( ) 39. I dont like winter because its _cold.A. too much B. far more C. much too D. much more( ) 40. This match made them _at last.A. friendly B. happily C. quickly D. slowly ( )( )41 .- Who can reach the book on the top shelf?- Jack can. He is _boy of us all.A. taller B. a tall C. the tallest D. much tallest( )42.- The shop is _ on Saturday and Monday.- I see. Ill go here on Monday then.A. open B. close C. opened D. closed( )43. It is _to work out this problem. You neednt go to the teacher.A. enough easy B. easily enough C. easy, enough D. very easily( )44.- Our holiday was _. - Yes, Ive never had _.A. such great, the better one B. greatly, a good one.C. so great, a better one D. very good, the best one( )45.- Mum, could you buy me a dress like this?- Certainly, we can buy _one than this, but _this.A. a better, better than B. a worse, as good asC. a cheaper, as good as D. a more important, not as good as( )46.- Why dont you ask Tom to do it?- I don t know whether he is_ to. He sometimes makes things worse.A. possible B. able . C. afraid D. easy( )47. Her mother was out. She stayed at home _ , but she didn t feelA. alone, lonely B. lonely, alone C. alone, alone D; lonely, lonely( )48. A _school boy, LiLida, first tried to swim across the Qiongzhou Channel in June, 2000. A. 12 - year old B. 12 - years - old C. 12 - year- old D. 12 years old( )49, In our exam, the_ careful we are, the _mistakes well make.A. more, more B. more, less C. less, fewer D. more, fewer( )50. Jacks brother doesnt work so _as Jack.A. harder B. hard C. hardest D. hardly( )51. Every day I spend two hours _my homework.A. finishing to do B. finishing doingC. to finish to do D. to finish doing( )52. Lin Tao cant be at home. I saw him _here a few minutes ago.A. plays B. to play C. playing D. played( )53. Wed better _on the road. A car may hit us.A. not to play B. not play C. to not play D. dont play( ) 54.-When can I go out to play football, Mum?-Finish your homework first, or I wont let you _.A. to go out B. go out C. going out D. will go out( )55. Could you make her _laughing?A. stop B. to stop C. stops D. stopped( )56. You _ never play in the street. Its not safe.A. can B. may C. must D.need( )57. Please dont forget _to me, will you?A. to write B. writing C. write D. writes( )58. The soldier ran into the room _the baby.A. saving B. to save C. saves D. saved( )59.-_ we make it half past seven?-What about _ it a little earlier?A. Shall, making B. Shall, to make C. Will, making D. will, to make( )60. He _ harder this year than last year.A. study B. studies C. was studying D. studied( )61. I think no news _ good news, he will be back soon.A. is B. are C. was D. were( )62.-Can I help you? -Yes. I bought this computer here yesterday, ,but it _ now.A. didnt work B. wont work C. cant work D. doesnt work( )63. -What about the food on the plate? It _ delicious.A. smelling B. smelt C. smells D. is smelt( )64: What a nice garden! How well it _ after!A. has looked B. looks C. is looked D. is looking( )65. Look! Lily with her sister _ a kite on the playground.A. is flying B.are flying C.flying D. fly( )66.-I have seen the film “Titanic” already.-When _ you _ it?A. have, seen B. will, see C. did, see D. had, seen( )67. His sister read the picture- book three times yesterday, _.A. so he did B. she did so C. so did he D. so lid her( )68. I _ to bed until my grandma came back home.A. didnt go B. went C. had gone D. have gone( )69. While she _ TV in the sitting room, the bell_.A. watches, rings B. is watching, rang C. was watching, rang D. watched, was ringing( )70. There _a football match in our school this afternoon.A. are going to have B. is going to have C. are going to be D. is going to be( )71. The headmaster _for more than two weeks.A. has left B. has gone C. has been away D. has come back( )72. -Where s Mr Green? -Oh, he _ Canada.A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to D. was in( )73. The factory has been _ for two years.A. open B. to open C. opening D. opened( )74 .-How long have you _there? -About four years. A. come B. gone C. left D. worked( )75.-Must I clean the room now? -No, you _.A. can t B. may not C. mustn t D. needn t( )76. _ I close the window? Its so cold here.A. Will B. Do C. Would D. Shall( )77.-Excuse me, Look at the sign NO SMOKING! -Sorry, I _ it.A.dont see B.didnt see C.havent seen D.wont see( )78. He could_ neither French or German, so I_ with him in English.A, speak, talked B. talk, told C. say, spoke D. tell, talked( ) 79. I _a very interesting programme on the radio this morning.A. listened B. heard C. saw D. watched( )80. Could you _ me your bike? Mine is broken. -Sure. Its there.A. borrow B. lend C. giving D. return( )81 .-How much did you _for the pen? -Five yuan.A. cost B. take C. pay D. buy( )82.-Why not go to see the dolphin show with me? -Because I _it.A. saw B. will see C. see D, have seen( )83. The students will go to the Summer Palace if it _tomorrow.A. won t rain B. isn t raining C. doesn t rain D. isn t rain( )84.-What did you do last night? -I _TV with my family.A. watch B. am watching C. have watched D. watched( )85. -Can I help you, sir? -Yes, I bought the radio here yesterday, but it _.A. didnt work B.won t work C.can t work D. doesnt work( )86. -What do you think of the football match yesterday?-Well, it s surprising. The strongest team of our school _.A. was beaten B. won C. scored D. was filled ( )87. The trees must _three times a week.A. water B. watering C. be watered D.waters( )88. -Alice, you _ on the phone. -I m coming. Thanks.A. want B-. are wanted C. are wanting .D. have wanted( )89. -I saw Betty go to Grandpa Lis home just now.-Yes. Shes often seen _ the old man with the housework.A: help B. to help C. helps D. helped( )90. A talk on Chinese history _in the school hall next Monday.A. be given B. has been given C. will be given D. will give( )91. _(Dog)dog is _ useful animal.A. a, an B. a, the C. the, a D. the, /( )92. John Smith is _ honest man.A. an B. a C. the D. one( )93. My father told me he was soon going to visit _ USA.A. the B. a C. an D. /( )94. Beyond _ stars, the astronaut saw nothing but _ space.A. the ,/ B. /, the C. /,/ D. the ,the( )95. I believe that _ young have a bright future.A. the b. an C. an D. /( )96. Paris is _ most beautiful city, where you can see _ famous Eiffel Tower.A. a, the B. a, / C. the , an D. /,the ( )97. He dropped the _ and broke it.A. cup of coffee B. coffees cup C. cup for coffee D. coffee cup( )98. There are three _ and seven _ in the picture.A. deers, sheeps B. deers, sheep C. deer, sheep D. deer, sheeps( )99. Lucy has been to _ many times this year.A. his uncle b. her uncles C. uncles D. her uncles( )100. The boys always stays here for _A. one and half hour B. one and half a hour C. one and a half hours D. one and half hours( )101. The dinosaurs eggs are found by explorers in the _A. 1920s B.1920s C. 1920s D. 1920( )102. _ my parents help, I begin to catch up _ my classmates.A. With, to B. Under, with C. With, with D. To, to( )103. Do you know the differences _ the three words? -Sorry, I dont know.A. among B. between C. with D. about( )104. What else do you want? -_ else. I think I have got everything ready.A. Something B. Nothing C. Anything d. Everything( )105. Study hard, _ you will fall behind the others.A. and B. but c. or D. though( )106. 30,000 dollars is a large amount of money, but its _ than we need.A. far more B. very much c. far less D. very little( )107. The two friends were _ pleased to see each other that they forgot everything.A. so B. too C. very d. much( )108. How long have you _?A. married B. be married C. got married D. been married( )109. We could see nothing because the lights suddenly _.A. went on B. went over c, went down D. went out( )110. Would you please speak more slowly? I can hardly _ you.A. talk with B. agree with c. follow D. hear( )111. People now can know what is happening in the world quickly.-Youre right. With the help of computers, news can _ every corner of the world.A. get B. reach C. return D. arrive( )112. Everyone except Tom and John _ there when the meeting began.A. is B. was C. are D. were( )113. Im sorry I havent got any money. Ive _ my handbag at home.A. missed B. left C. put D. forgot( )114. I heard he _ the piano in the room last night.A. played B. plays C. to play D. playing( )115. No one can stop news _.A. to report B. to be report c, from reporting D. being reported( )116. Hi, Kate! -Hi, Mary. I _ you are here.A. dont know B. dont think C, think D. didnt know( )117. Have you ever traveled abroad?-Sure. I _ the language of English in the USA two years