高考英语一轮复习 Unit 3 Looking good,feeling good巩固讲练篇 牛津译林版必修1.doc

2015届高考英语一轮复习 unit 3 looking good,feeling good巩固讲练篇 牛津译林版必修1一、重点词汇考点-1.contain 【教材原句】they contain a harmful chemical that caused my liver to fail.(p42)那些减肥药片里含有某种有害的化学物质，导致了我肝功能衰竭。【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子this little book contains all the information that you need.这本小册子 。my father could hardly contain his pride in me, and my mother eventually gave in before my success.我的父亲 ，母亲也最终为我的成功所折服。she could hardly contain(=control) herself when she heard the news.听到这个消息时，她 。【答案】这本小册子含有你所需要的所有信息。我的父亲难以掩饰对我的自豪，母亲也最终为我的成功所折服。听到这个消息时，她几乎不能自制。【自主归纳】辨析 contain/includecontain意为“含有；包含；容纳(=hold)；里面装有”，含有“封闭全部”的意味，侧重所含的量和成分，不用于进行时态。另外，contain还有“掩饰,克制，抑制”之意。include意为“包含；连在内，计入，算入；包括”用于表示所包含之物中的一部分。the hall is so large that it can contain/hold one thousand people.many people took part in the fight against the great disaster, including some peasants.can you name five things that contain milk?【即时巩固】单项选择题(2008全国卷ii)little johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it_.a. collected b. containedc. loaded d. savedthe rocket _ a number of scientific instruments, _ a televsion camera.a. contains; includes b. includes; containsc. contains; including d. contains; included【教材原句】my mother is right: dont damage your health for a slim and attractive figure. (p43)我妈妈说得对：不要为了苗条动人的身材而毁了自己的健康。【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子they managed to repair the houses that had been damaged他们设法修复了 。the earthquake destroyed the whole city, making a lot of people homeless.地震把整座城市 , 使得许多人无家可归。all his hopes were destroyed by her letter of refusal. 他所有的希望都被她的拒绝信 。the rain will ruin the crops. 这雨会 。smoking seriously harmed(did harm to) his health. 吸烟 他的健康。his words hurt memy feelings他的话 。he fell and hurt his leg.他掉下来 。my shoes are so tight that my feet hurt鞋太紧， 。several children were injured in the accident. 好几个孩子 。 a nurse cleaned and bandaged the wound. 护士把 清洗包扎好。【答案】他们设法修复了受到破坏的房屋。 地震把整座城市给毁了, 使得许多人无家可归。他所有的希望都被她的拒绝信给毁了。这雨会把庄稼毁掉的。吸烟严重损害了他的健康。 他的话伤了我我的感情。他掉下来伤了腿。鞋太紧，我的脚疼。好几个孩子在那次事故中受了伤。护士把伤口清洗包扎好。【自主归纳】damage：指一定程度的损坏或损失，部分是可以修复的，可用作动词或名词，作名词表示抽象的“损坏、破坏”时为不可数名词。构成词组：do/cause damage to sb./sth. 对人或物造成损害damage ones health损害某人的健康damage ones good name毁坏某人的名声cause/do damage to . 使受到损害suffer damage (from .) 受到(的)损害destroy：指彻底的、毁灭性的破坏，一般不可修复，常作“破坏，毁灭”讲。也可指希望、计划等的破灭。ruin：指毁坏某种好的或者有用的东西，事后虽然存在，但已失去了其优良的特性或特征。意思是“使毁灭，崩溃，弄糟”。用作名词，意思是“毁灭，瓦解，废墟”。构成介词短语in ruins“成为废墟”harm：伤害，损害，主要用于有生命的东西，偶尔也用于无生命的事物，常指伤及一个人或其健康、权利、事业等。构成短语do harm to=be harmful to。hurt：指精神上,感情上或肉体上的“创伤，伤害”。作不及物动词意思是“疼”。其过去分词不能作定语。injury：指意外伤害或事故造成的伤害，有危及功能发展之意。作名词可指平时的大小创伤或伤害。注意：the injured指因事故造成的“受伤者”。wound：一般指刀伤，枪伤，战场上受伤，也可指对感情的伤害。后跟的宾语是整个人而不是受伤部位。另外，wound还可作可数名词。还可指伤口。注意：the wounded表示“伤员”，wounded前也可用具体数字修饰。【即时巩固】单项选择题(2013辽宁卷) the accident caused some _to my car, but its nothing serious. a. harmb. injuryc. ruind. damage【答案】d(2006全国卷)mike didnt play football yesterday because he hadhis leg.a. damaged b. hurt c. hit d. struck“if you go on stealing, you will _ you bright future, young man！”said the judge.a. destroy b. damage c. ruin d. break考点-3. ashamed 【教材原句】i am trying to lose weight because im so ashamed of my body. (p42) 我正努力减肥，因为我对自己的身体感到难为情。we shouldnt be ashamed of theway we look, should we?(p43)我们不应该为自己的外表感到羞愧，不是吗？【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子im quite ashamed to have troubled you so many times.麻烦你那么多次，我真的 。he is ashamed of himself for havng lied now. 他因撒了谎而 。stealing is a shameful thing to do, but he doesnt feel ashamed. 偷东西是可耻的行为，但他并不 。i want to play football. oh, its raining! whats a shame! 我想去踢足球。啊，下雨啦。 ！whats a shame. i should be at work instead of lying here in bed. ，我应当在工作岗位上,而不是在这儿躺在床上。he was shamed into admitting his guilt. 他 犯了罪。your beautiful handwriting puts my untidy scrawl to shame. 你漂亮的字体吧我的潦草字迹比得 。he failed in the maths examination again, which shamed him out of telling his parents about it.他数学考试再次不及格，这使得他 把此事告诉父母亲。【答案】麻烦你那么多次，我真的不好意思。他因撒了谎而为自己感到羞愧。偷东西是可耻的行为，但他并不感到羞愧。我想去踢足球。啊，下雨啦。真遗憾！真丢人，我应当在工作岗位上,而不是在这儿躺在床上。他羞愧地承认犯了罪。你漂亮的字体吧我的潦草字迹比得见不得人。他数学考试再次不及格，这使得他非常羞愧而没有把此事告诉父母亲。【自主归纳】ashamed adj. 感到羞耻的，感到难为情的（指人的感受）shameful adj. 可耻的，丢脸的（指行为或事情）shame n. 羞耻，羞愧；可耻的人或事物（此义为可数名词）v. 使某人感到羞愧，给某人带来耻辱，使丢脸be ashamed of oneself 为自己感到羞愧 be ashamed for sb. 替某人感到羞愧be ashamed to do 对于感到可耻 be ashamed at/ of 对感到惭愧be ashamed that从句 感到惭愧 put .to shame 使蒙羞，使没面子 shame sb. into / out of doing sth. 使某人感到羞愧而做不做某事【即时巩固】根据汉语提示，完成句子。my mother always gets a bit _ if we dont get home when we say we will. a. anxious b. ashamed c. weak d. patient cynthia is not _ of what she does, even ifshe ends up doing something wrong. a. shameful b. confusedc. ashamedd. embarrassed【答案】c【教材原句】instead, i prefer to exercise at home, and it seems that i am always going on a diet. (p45)我却更喜欢在家锻炼，而且似乎我总是在节食。【例句研读】把下列各句翻译成中文they preferred to stay at home rather than go to the moves. he was very diligent; even on holidays, he preferred doing something to doing nothing. he preferred to speak without referring to his notes. i prefer you not to stay there too long. we prefer that each new student (should)take a science course. 【自主归纳】prefer (sb.) to do sth. 更喜欢(某人)做prefer sth./doing .to sth./doing . 与相比更喜欢；宁愿，不愿prefer to do .rather than do .宁可做也不做prefer that . 更喜欢that从句中常用(should)动词原形 关键一点在prefer to .结构中，to 后接动词原形； 在prefer .to .结构中to为介词，to 后接动名词。表示“宁愿也不愿”的同义短语还有：would do. . . rather than do. . . would rather do. . . than do. . . 【即时巩固】单项选择题rather than_my child the results of the exercises directly，i prefer _him how to do them.a. to tell；to teach b. tell；to teachc. telling；teaching d. tell；teaching【答案】b【解析】句意：我宁愿教我的孩子怎样做练习题，而不是直接告诉他答案。本句采用了非正常的语序。prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.为固定结构，意为“宁愿做而不愿做”。each of us is likely to develop a personal _ for certain types of entertainment. a. comparison b. possession c. preference d. advantagedoes this meal cost $50? i something far better than this!a. preferb. expectc. suggestd. supposehe prefers _ indoors _ out this afternoon.a. to stay; to go b. staying; to goc. to stay; to going d. staying; to going【答案】d【解析】考查prefer doing .to doing .结构。该结构中to为介词。句意：他今天下午宁愿待在家里也不愿意出去。考点-5. affect【教材原句】after taking this kind of pill for some time, your friends hair might fall out or he might have health problems, some of which may even affect his liver or heart.（p49）在服用这种药一段时间后，你朋友的头发可能会脱落或者会出现一些健康问题，甚至会影响他的肝脏和心脏。【例句研读】根据英语完成汉语句子with the governments aid, those affected by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.在政府的援助下，那些 已经搬到新的定居点。people present at the meeting was affected by his movng words.出席会议的人 。the doctor told her that her kidneys had become affected and must take some medicine. 大夫告诉她说她的肾脏 。inflation is having a disastrous effect on the economy.通货膨胀正在 。the new laws against drunk driving came into effect/take effect from may 1st, 2011.新的打击醉驾的法律 。television has a strong influence on people. 电视 。what you read influences your thinking. 你读的东西 。【自主归纳】have a strong/great influence onhave a strong/great effect on对有很大的影响have a side effect on对有副作用be greatly/deeply affected很/深受感动be affected by heat/cold中暑/着凉put/bring o effect实施，实行，使生效come into effect/take effect(法律、规则或制度)生效；实施注意：effect 有时虽用作动词(及物)，但不表示“影响”，而表示“实现”或“产生”等。they effected their escape in the middle of the night. 他们半夜逃脱了。he effected great changes in the company. 他使公司发生了巨大的变化。【即时巩固】单项选择题all the patients _ by ah1n1 influenza are separated from the outside.a. caught b. infected c. affected d. addictedi dont think the snow will _ our plan for a picnic.a. affect b. effectc. infect d. impressscientists are convinced _ the positive effect of laughter _ physical and mental health.a. of；at b. by；in c. of；on d. on；atthe drug did not _ his health; in fact, it seemed to have no _ on him at all.a. effect; affect b. effect; effectc. affect; effect d. affect; affect【教材原句】many teenagers are surprised to learn that when you exercise, your body produces some chemicals that make you feel peaceful and relaxed and increase youre ability to concentrate when you study. (p58) 很多青少年吃惊地发现，锻炼过程中体内会产生某些化学物质，这些化学物质使人感到平和与放松，增强学习时集中注意力的能力。【例句研读】根据英语完成汉语句子he can concentrate on a book very long.他能长时间 。the boy is concentrating on playing computer games.这个男孩 玩电脑游戏。it is important for students to concentrate their attention on their studies.对于学生来说， 很重要。【答案】他能长时间专心读一本书。这个男孩正全神贯注地玩电脑游戏。对于学生来说，把注意力集中在学习上很重要。【自主归纳】concentrate (sth.) on (doing) sth. 集中于/专心于(做) be absorbed in专心于bury oneself/be buried in忙于，专心于，沉浸于做某事center on集中于focus on使聚焦于；对（某事或做某事）予以注意；把作为兴趣中心concentrate ones attention/efforts/thoughts on .把注意力/努力/思想集中到【即时巩固】单项选择题anne couldnt concentrate _what she was doing while her friends were playing cards.a. to b. onc. for d. in【答案】b 【解析】concentrate on sth./ doing sth.为固定搭配，“专心致志于(做)某事”。carl lineous, the famous botanical scientist，was a man always in blue.his depression was _ his childhood illness in his biography.a. centered on b. concentrated onc. named after d. referred toshe was so _ in her job that she didnt hear anybody knocking at the door.a. absorbed b. attractedc. drawn d. concentrated【答案】a 【解析】be absorbed in“专心于”。句意：她如此专心地工作，以至于没有听到有人敲门。考点-7.count【教材原句】walking and riding your bike count, and so do school sports.(p58) 步行和骑自行车算是锻炼，在学校里进行的体育活动也算是。【例句研读】根据英语完成汉语句子the opinion of a committee member counts as much as that of the chairman.委员会成员的意见，和主席的意见 。she put the money in her bag without counting it.她 就把钱塞到了包里。frankly speaking, i always count you as one of my best friends.坦白说，我一直 。you cannot count on jim to help you . 你不能 。believe me, his promises count for nothing.相信我吧，他的诺言可 。【自主归纳】countas把视为=regard as=treat ascount on依靠；指望；期待count on sb. to do sth. 指望某人做某事that doesnt count.那可不算数；那不重要。【即时巩固】单项选择题everyone should learn something about first aid, because every second _ in an emergency.a. urges b. costs c. needs d. countssorry, im late.thats ok. youre here and thats what _.a. makes b. works c. stays d. counts【答案】d【解析】count意为“重要”；make意为“制作”； work意为“起作用”；stay意为“保持某种状态”。句意：“对不起，我迟到了。”“没关系。你到了，这才是最重要的。”are you sure nick will help us if we are in trouble?_.he is a reliable friend.a. it doesnt matterb. dont take it to heartc. you can count on himd. no problem【教材原句】i dont think your friend should take the risk.(p49)我认为你朋友不应该冒这个险。【例句研读】根据英语完成汉语句子smoking can increase the risk of developing heart disease. 吸烟会增加 。if they stayed there, they risked death. 如果他们呆在那儿不动，就会 。the brave soldier risked his life in saving the child. the brave soldier saved the child at the risk of his own life. 那位勇敢的士兵 那个孩子。since have offended your boss, youll have to risk losing/take the risk of losing your job.既然你已经触犯了你的老板，那么你就得 。if you go into the cave without wait for the guide, you do it at your own risk. 如果你不等向导来便走进洞去， 。the disease is spreading, and all children under five are at risk. 这疾病在蔓延，5岁以下的儿童 。naturally one can drive a car without insurance, but who wants to run/take such a risk? 当然，一个人可以不买保险驾车, 但有谁愿意 ? 【答案】吸烟会增加患心脏病的危险。如果他们呆在那儿不动，就会面临死亡的危险。那位勇敢的士兵冒着生命危险救那个孩子。既然你已经触犯了你的老板，那么你就得冒失去工作的危险。如果你不等向导来便走进洞去，后果由你自己负责/你就自担风险吧。这疾病在蔓延，5岁以下的儿童都有患病的危险。当然，一个人可以不买保险驾车, 但有谁愿意冒这种危险呢? 【自主归纳】at risk有危险；有风险(另：in danger处于危险之中)at the risk of (doing) sth冒着(做某事)的危险at ones own risk自担风险/后果自负risk doing sth.take/run the risk of doing sth.冒险做某事take/run a risk冒险注意：risk后面只跟动名词作宾语(doing)，不跟不定式(to do)作宾语【即时巩固】翻译下列句子(用不同表达法翻译)他冒着生命危险救那个处在危险中的老人。 【答案】he risked his life in saving the old man at risk/in danger.he ran/took the risk of losing his life to save the old man at risk/in danger.at the risk of his own life, he saved the old man at risk/in danger.考点-9.amount 【教材原句】a good amount of sleep every night is also important for your health. (p58)每天晚上足够的睡眠对你的健康也很重要。【例句研读】根据英语完成汉语句子large amounts of money have been spent on the prevention and cure of aids. 防治艾滋病上了。the total cost of repairs amounts to 100 dollars, much more than i expected.修理费用 ，比我预料的要多得多。they will send kids to college whatever it takes, even if that means a huge amount of debt.不管花多少钱，即使 ，他们也打算送子女去上大学。the amount of rainfall determines the quality of the crop. 决定着收成的好坏。 【答案】大量的钱花在防治艾滋病上了。修理费用总计一百美元，比我预料的要多得多。不管花多少钱，即使负债累累，他们也打算送子女去上大学。降雨量决定着收成的好坏。【自主归纳】the amount of不可数名词 的数量(作主语时，谓语用单数)the number of可数名词 的数目(作主语时，谓语用单数)a large/great amount of不可数名词 大量的(作主语时，谓语用单数) large amounts of 不可数名词 大量的(作主语时，谓语用复数)amount to=add up to 总计【即时巩固】单项选择题the young dancers looked so beautiful in their new clothes that we took _pictures of them.a. many of b. masses ofc. the number of d. a large amount of(2010 江西卷35). last year the number of students who graduated with a drivng license reached 200,000, a(n) of 40,000 per year.a. average b. number c. amountd. quantity【教材原句】dying to be thin (p42)非常想苗条【例句研读】根据英语完成汉语句子he is dying to know where you have been. 他 你去了哪儿。his father died of lung cancer when he was five years old.他五岁时父亲 /父亲 。he is dying and the family are trying their best try to make him as comfortable as possible. ，家人尽力让他舒服些。his dog has been dead for two weeks.他的狗 两周了。his mother died from a traffic accident ,whose death was a great blow to him.他的母亲 ， 对他是一个巨大的打击。i would never die for my beliefs because i might be wrong.我永远不会 ，因为我的信仰可能是错的。he is dying for something to eat. 他 弄点吃的东西。【自主归纳】die v. dead adj. death n.be dying to do sth.渴望做某事/非常想做某事 be dying for sth.渴望/非常想得到die for为而死，而献身 die of死于疾病die from死于由环境造成的(主要指事故等方面的)外部原因【即时巩固】单项选择题by the time we got to the hospital, the patient _ for half an hour.a. died b. had died c. had been dead d. has been deadthe_ soldier toldushispastdaysandbefore long he _.his_ made us very sad.a. dying, died, death b. dying, death, diedc. dead, died, dying d. dead, dying, died【答案】da 考点-11. make the most of【教材原句】 quick! join us now and make the most of this special offer!(p52)【例句研读】翻译下面句子he makes the most of the little money that he has. you can make the best of this chance to earn some money. we will make good use of natural resources to serve the people. this is a good chance for you to improve yourself, so you should make full use of it. time should be made full use of to study english well. every possible use should be made of advanced technology 【自主归纳】充分利用：make the most of ; make the best of； make good use of； make full use of注意：该组词组用于被动语态时，有两点需要注意警惕受介词“of”的影响而误用动名词。如【例句研读】的第句；当“use”用作被动语态的主语时，注意词组的识别。如【例句研读】的第句。【即时巩固】单项选择题in both work and study we ought to _ our time.amake the most of bmake most ofcmake best of dmake an use of【答案】a【解析】make the most of为固定用法。其余三个选项所组成的词组均为错误的。句意：无论工作或学习，我们都应该充分利用时间。if better use is _ your spare time, youll make greater progress in that.a. spent b. taken c. made of d. used ofevery minute is made full use of _ at our lessons.a. to workb. workingc. having workedd. being worked 【答案】a【解析】考查的是不定式做目的状语。此句是利用被动结构设置陷阱。转化为主动态是：（we） should make good use of time to learn our lessons well。考点-12. in no time【教材原句】if you follow the suggestions above, you will look and feel much better in no time at all!(p58) 如果你能遵循以上建议，用不了多久你就会气色好得多、感觉棒得多！【例句研读】翻译下列句子why dont you dance? its easy. you can learn in