复合不定代词的用法及考点解析.doc

此文档收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除复合不定代词的用法及考点解析 作者:oscar | 2005-08-10 12:06 : 点击数:3908 复合不定代词是由some,any,no,every加-body,-thing,-one构成，列表如下：Somebody 某人Someone 某人Something 某物，某事Anybody 任何人Anyone 任何人Anything 任何事物Nobody 没有人No one 没有人Nothing 没有东西Everybody 每人Everyone 每人Everything 一切由于在使用中有比较特殊的习惯用法，是考试中比较常见的考点。现将常见的考试形式解析如下：一：复合不定代词和部分否定部分否定是考试中的热门考点，常表达的结构有两种：1：not+全部肯定词 2：助 动词+not+全部肯定词。其意都为“并非都，不都”。前者是一般形态，如：Not everyone likes English. 由于是基本概念，学生比较容易理解。但后者和一般否定句比较相似，容易引起学生判断上的疑惑，是出题的焦点。1I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with _.A. everything B: anything C. something D. nothing 分析：有同学看到I dont agree就判断是否定句，选B, anything .这就是对句子理解出现了偏差。句意是：我同意你所说的大部分，但不是全部。是一句典型的部分否定形式。noteverythign 的结构表明“并非每件事”。所以正确答案是A. everyting 。2 -The exam was difficult, wasnt it?-No, but I dont think _ could pass it. A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody D everybody分析：同上题一样，不能将I dont think 简单得看成否定句而选B. anybody。 “noteverybody”构成部分否定，既“并非所有的人都能通过”。所以应该选D. everybody。二：复合不定代词的定语位置复合不定代词被定语修饰的时候，定语必须放在不定代词后面。特别是当修饰的定语比较复杂的情况下要认真分析，弄清词序间的修饰关系。1 There is _ with your car.A. nothing seriously wrong B. seriously wrong nothingC. nothing wrong seriously D. wrong seriously nothing 分析： 首先，seriously副词修饰wrong 形容词，seriously wrong表示“严重损坏”，seriously wrong 修饰nothing, 放在nothing 后面，意思是“严重损坏的地方”，nothing seriously wrong , 所以答案是A。2 He asked me if there was _ to read. A. easy enough something B. enough easy somethingC. something easy enough D. something enough easy分析：副词enough 修饰形容词easy, 放easy后面，easy enough意思是“足够简单的”。easy enough 修饰不定代词something ,放something 后面。something easy enough意思是“足够简单的东西”，所以选择C。三： 复合不定代词与定语从句中的关系代词当复合不定代词由定语从句修饰的时候，考察的重点在关系代词的选择。当先行词为指物的不定代词的时候，关系代词为that,但something 后的关系代词既可以是that,也可以是which。 当先行词为指人的不定代词的时候，关系代词为who 或 that。 特别注意当关系代词在从句中充当宾语成分的时候可以省略，这也是考察的重点。1 Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police.A. which B. what C. whatever D. that分析：D. 先行词everything在定语从句中做stolen的宾语，为指物的不定代词。2 _ breaks the rule should be punished.A. Those who B. Who C. Anyone who D. The one分析：C. 先行词anyone在定语从句中做主语。3 Now lets think of feedback as something _.A. that we should make to work for us B. we should make work for usC. in which we should make work for us D. we should make for us in分析：B. 先行词something在定语从句中做宾语，省去了关系代词。而A的错误在于make 后是不加to的。四：复合不定代词与谓语的一致问题复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Everything that glittered is not gold.Nothing except for a few books was left for him by his father.五：复合不定代词间的用法区别：1 大家都知道，带some的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句；而带any的复合不定代词常用在否定句，如：I have something important to tell you. If there is anything wrong, please let me know.但是，带some 的复合不定代词也可以用在表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表示请求，建议，询问的疑问句中。如：Would you like _ to eat?reputation n. 名声；名誉A. something B anyting C. everything D nothing cultural adj. 文化的显而易见，期待肯定回答，选A.2. 带any的复合不定代词用在肯定句中带有“任何人，任何事”的意思。Anyone who breaks the law will be thrown into prison.As a teacher, I would do anything for my students.特别要注意的是带any的复合不盯代词不能再用否定式。如：herd n. 牧群；兽群Anything could not be seen in that dark room. (F) 要表达否定意思，只可以用对应的全部否定的词代替。如：Nothing could be seen in that dark room.3. 指人的复合不定代词合写与分开写，其意思和用法不同，以any为例。anyone 仅指人 任何人，某人， 不和of连用any one 即指人，也指物， 任何一个的意思 可以于of连用as far as one is concerned 就而言Anyone can do the job.subscribe vi. 同意；捐赠；订阅Any one of us can do the job. 4. 一般情况下，用nothing 回答以what 开头的问题，nobody (no one) 回答who 开头的问题。cubic adj. 立方的-Whats on the table? - Nanization n. 组织；机构；团体-Who is in the classroom?- Nobody. ( No one).六；在谚语中出现的复合不定代词alongside adv. 在旁边；沿着边1 Everybodys business is nobodys business. 人人管等于没有人管。2 Everybodys friend is nobodys friend. 每个人的朋友就不是任何人的朋友。turn up 出现；到场3 Everything is good for something. 是东西都有用处。（意大利文艺复兴雕刻家、画家、建筑师和诗人）4 Everything has two sides. 事物都有两面性。5 He who has no conscience has nothing. 没有良心的人一无所有。6 Nothing succeeds like success. 一事成功，事事成功。7 Not