李观仪新编英语教程第四册练习册答案.doc

Unit 1vExplain the following sentences in your own words.1、 Pretty clearly，anyone who followed my collection of rules would be blessed with a richer life，boundless love from his family and the admiration of the community.Quite obviously，anyone who determined to follow the rules of self-improvement I collected would be happy and have a richer life，and win infinite affection from his family and the love and respect of the community.2、 Be spontaneous in showing affection.Show your love readily and willingly.3、 A sincere compliment is worth its weight in gold.Whole-hearted and genuine praise is very valuable.4、 Meet your child at his own level.Join your children and treat them as your equals.5、 There was a series of shrieks down the hall. I found Gretchen in tears. I heard screams down the hall one after another and I found Gretchen crying.6、 The most trivial chore can prove rewarding if approached with zest.The most unimportant light task may turn out to be worthwhile if it is dealt with eagerly and enthusiastically.7、 I struck up a conversation with Kit，trying to establish some kind of rapport.I started to have a conversation with Kit in a friendly way and tried my best to achieve close agreement and understanding between us.8、 You never bothered with small talk before. Why start now?You never troubled yourself to chat with people in the past. Why do you want to start doing it now?vTranslation.1、 每当他午夜下班回家，他总是蹑手蹑脚地上楼，以以免吵醒邻居。Every time when he returned home from work at midnight, he would tiptoe upstairs, trying not to waken his neighbors.2、 为了与新来的邻居建立一种和睦的关系，格林先生不失时机地帮她把行李搬进屋子。To develop some kind of rapport with his new neighbor, Mr. Jones was spontaneous in offering to carry her luggage into the house.3、 米勒博士向我们推荐的文章集中论述了空气污染问题，同时也提到了诸如水污染、噪音污染和视觉污染等问题。The article recommended by Dr.Miller centers on air pollution; whats more, it touches upon other issues such as water pollution, noise pollution and visual pollution.4、 要不是她的朋友时常鼓励她、帮助她，她将一事无成。Without the constant encouragement and help from her friends, she couldnt have made any achievements.5、 几天前他还对这项计划嗤之以鼻，可是他现在却以高涨的热情去努力落实这项计划，这真是令人难以理解的转变。It was only a few days ago that he showed some contempt for the new project, but now he is working hard with zest for its realization. What a baffling change.6、 从她的自传可以断定她对那名钢琴师始终怀有着一种复杂的感情。Judging from what she wrote in her autobiography, she always had mixed feelings for that pianist.7、 他在大厅候机时与两名美国旅行者攀谈起来，谈到了很多的跨文化方面的问题。While waiting for the flight in the lounge, he struck up a conversation with two American travelers and touched on many interesting issues in cross-cultural communication.8、 这些女孩子都害怕晚上单身一人值班。These girls all dread working alone on night duty.9、 我不在乎加班工作，我在乎的是在周末尽做一些无意义的琐碎杂物。I dont mind working overtime, but do mind working on those unimportant trivial things at weekend.10、 事实上没有人要求他们在开学的第一天去干什么。当他们看到教室里乱七八糟时，便自发地打扫了起来。In fact, nobody asked them to do anything on the first day of school. Having seen the classroom in such a mess, they were spontaneous in cleaning it.Unit 2vExplain the following sentences in your own words.1、the wider the range of our life and the more various the contacts we have, the wider and suppler must be our command over a range of English styles, each of which we know how to use consistently. The richer life experience we have, and the more people from all walks of life we know, we will develop more extensive and flexible knowledge of different English styles and the ability to use each style appropriately when the occasion arises.2、A haphazard knowledge of several styles may be worse than useless if we do not know the type of occasion on which each is appropriate, or if we do not know when we are sliding from one to another. If we do not know when to use each style appropriately, or if we confuse one style with another inappropriately, an unsystematic and casual knowledge of style is of no use, or even worse.3、”Bags of fun” is no more a lazy substitute for thought in its appropriate setting than is “extremely gracious” in the setting that is appropriate for this expression. Neither “bags of fun” nor “extremely gracious” in its suitable context is careless/casual expression of ones ideas.4、But it would be equally ridiculous to reverse the judgment just as flatly.It would, however, also be absurd to turn the judgment completely the other way round.5、Euphemisms are considered overly squeamish and affected by contemporary writers, unless used for humorous effected. Except in cases where they are used to achieve humorous effect, contemporary writers think that euphemisms are too disgusting, artificial and pretentious to be used.6、To support the argument by using the clichs which pour from the lips of trade union leaders would be too much like shooting sitting birds. It would be as easy as shooting birds that never fly away to support the argument made by using the outdated and stereotyped phrases that are often used by trade union leaders.7、Some euphemisms, too, are sufficiently offbeat to be funny. Some euphemisms are unusual enough to be funny. They are so unusual that they become quite funny.8、Examples of gross understatement may also appeal to some of us. Some people may also like extreme understatement.vTranslation.1、 一种莫名其妙的疾病严重影响了他的大脑，使他丧失了全部的记忆。 Because of an unknown disease, his brain was affected so badly that he lost his memory completely.2、 聚集在法院外进行抗议的人群并未对这个太平洋岛国的法官和陪审团产生任何影响。 The objection from the protesting crowds outside the courthouse had no effect at all on the judges and the jury of this Pacific island country.3、一个做了亏心事的人听到每一响声都如惊弓之鸟。 A guilty man apprehends danger in every sound.4、她温柔的声音和慈祥的笑容使屋子里的每个人都感到轻松自在。 Her soft voice and kind smile made everyone in the room is at ease.5、只有当你很好地掌握了各种语体之后才能在各种场合恰如其分地用英语进行表达。 Not until you have a good command over a scale of styles can you speak English appropriately on different occasions.6、对现代经济学的一知半解是导致他经营失败的原因之一。 His haphazard knowledge of modern economics was one of the reasons why he met failure in his business.7、新来的总经理很不习惯公司里同事们称呼他的方式。The new general manager felt uneasy with the way he was addressed by his colleagues in the company.8、无论他做何种努力来改变其在公众心目中的形象，都无济于事。 No matter how hard he had tried, all his effort to improve his image in the mind of the public were certain to fail.9、指挥官从未想到他的士兵会无视他的命令。 The commander never thought that his soldiers would dare to defy his orders.10、作文课的老师认为这些话是陈词滥调，可它们对学生却有很大的吸引力。 Although the composition teacher regards these expressions as nothing but clichs, they still appeal very much to the students.Unit 3vExplain the following sentences in your own words.1、Let us be ruthless in our criticism, cruel to personal vanities, indifferent to age, rank or experience if these stand in our way.2、It dose not do to live in memories, in regrets for the good old days, or in sadness about friends who are dead.3、Ones thoughts must be directed to the future, and to things about which there is something to be done.4、The feeling of the nation must be quickened; the conscience of the nation must be roused; the propriety of the nation must be startled; the hypocrisy of the nation must be exposed; and its crimes against God and men must be proclaimed and denounced.5、On hearing the news, he was angered, and I was saddened.6、The police are concerned with successful elections, whereas the statesmen is interested in the future of his people.7、In Platos opinion man was made for philosophy; in Bacons opinion philosophy was made for man.8、Heavy clouds rose slowly from the horizon; thunder drummed in the distance.9、Television provides jobs for many, it brings cultural events to the home, and it offers teaching in various subjects.10、All day long he thought of his grandfather; every night he dreamed of him.vTranslation.1、这个看上去饱经风霜的渔翁伸出他那由于辛苦而布满老茧的双手，开始讲述他海上生活的艰难历程。Stretching out his work-gnarled hands, the old fisherman with a weather-beaten face started to tell us about his hard life experience on the sea.2、小女孩显然受伤不轻。她哭了好几个小时，现在仍在呻吟。The little girl is apparently seriously injured. Shes been crying for hours and shes still moaning.3、当诺贝尔得主由主席陪同走上讲台时，整个大厅顿时爆发出一阵欢呼声和鼓掌声。When the Nobel Prize winner appeared onto the platform escorted by the chairman, the whole hall rocked with cheers and applause.4、舞会进行到高潮时，舞厅里一篇乐曲和歌声。When the dance party was in full swing, music and songs swirled all around the ballroom.5、不知是何原因，许多大学生又表现出对中国传统戏剧如京剧和越剧的浓厚兴趣。For some unknown reasons, there has been a revival of strong interest in traditional Chinese drama, such as Beijing Opera and Shaoxing Opera, among the college students.6、由于人们成群结队地涌向街头去观看一年一度的节日庆典游行 ，市中心的交通一度被中断了。The traffic downtown was held up for a while because crowds of swarmed into the streets to watch the annual holiday parade.7、当这个小伙子看到心碎了的父母亲时，他为自己给家庭带来这么多的麻烦而深感羞愧，他跪在他们的面前祈求宽恕。When he saw his heart-broken parents, the young man felt so ashamed of himself for bringing so much trouble to the family that he knelt down and begged their forgiveness.8、看到久别的儿子下了船，老人激动不已，可出乎意料的是，小伙子却视而不见，转身就走。He was very excited at seeing his son, whom he had not met for a long time, getting off the ship. But out of his expectation, his son pretended not to see him; and turning his back to his farther, the young man walked off right away.9、这两个邻国结束了长达十年的战争，签署了合约。自那时起，两国的经济交往和双边贸易得到迅猛发展。The two neighbour countries stopped the decade-long war and signed a peace treaty. From then on, their economic exchange and bilateral trade have developed by leaps and bounds.10、当这位诺贝尔物理奖获得者出现在师生面前时，全场一片欢腾。他的演讲不时被震耳欲聋的掌声所打断。As soon as the winner of Nobel Price for physics appeared before the faculty and students, waves of cheers swept the hall. And his speech was punctuated by thundering clapping.Unit 4vExplain the following sentences in your own words.1、I contend, quite bluntly, that making up a book is not an act of mutilation but of love.I argue plainly that making marks in a book is preparatory step on the way to spoil it but to show it worth and value.2、But this act of purchase is only the prelude to possession.Getting the book by payment is merely a preparatory step on the way to ownership.3、Full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of yourself.Only when you have fully absorbed it can you say that you own the book completely.4、The third has a few books or many every one of them dog-eared and dilapidated, shaken and loosened by continual use, marked and scribbled in from front to back.The third kind of book owners possess only a few or many books, but every one of them is worm, with corners of the leaves folded over, and has become less tightly bound because of constant use. There are marks and informally written notes in each book from cover to cover.5、Id more scribble all over a first edition of Paradise Lost than Id give my baby a set of crayons and an original Rembrandt. I would never mark pages of a first edition copy of Paradise Lost, just as I would not give my baby a set of coloured pencils and painting by Rembrandt in the original.6、If your respect for magnificent binding or typography gets in the way, buy yourself a cheap edition and pay your respects to the author.If the elaborate cover, style of printing or layout prevent your from marking up a book, then youd better buy a cheap edition in which you can show your respect to the writer.7、The physical act of writing, with your hand, brings words and sentences more sharply before your mind and preserves them better in your memory.If you write notes in the book yourself, the words and sentences will stand out more distinctly in your mind and last longer in your memory.8、But dont let anybody tell you that a reader is supposed to be solely on the receiving end.Dont believe that a reader is only expected to take in passively what is in the book.9、Understanding is a two-way operation; learning doesnt consist in being an empty receptacle.Comprehension is a process involving both reception and production. If you remain a container ready only to receive, you cannot expect to learn very much.vTranslation.1、除非你在阅读的过程中积极思考，否则是不太可能理解逻辑学的文章的。You are not likely to grasp an article on logic unless you think actively in the course of reading.2、依作者所见，阅读一本好书的最有效的方法之一是在阅读时动手评注。According to the author, one of the most effective ways to read a good book is by writing between the lines while reading.3、他全神贯注的投入在一项克隆实验中，根本没有觉察我进入实验室。He was so absorbed in one of his cloning experiments that he wasnt aware of my entering the laboratory at all.4、我不认为幸福在于获取自己所需；我认为幸福在于为社会尽责任。I dont think happiness consists in obtaining what you need; I believe happiness consists in doing what you can for society.5、气压、氧气和温度是宇航员在月球上赖以生存的基本条件。Air pressure, oxygen and temperature are the indispensable conditions to the survival of the astronauts on the moon.6、从某种意义上说，研究生也属科研人员。In a certain sense, postgraduate students are also researchers.7、他宁愿把所观察到的东西，无论大事小事，都用笔记下来，也不愿意用脑记，因为他相信这么一句话：“好记性不如烂笔头。”He would jot down what he has observed, important or trivial, in his notebook rather than commit it to his memory, because he believes in the remark that “The worst pen is better than the best memory.”8、学生原本指望他会解释锐利观察和逻辑思维为何是科学研究必不可缺的品质，但是他的一番讲话不仅没有使人明白，倒反使人更糊涂了。Students expected that he would illustrate why sharp observation and logical thinking were indispensable qualities to research work, but his talk was more confusing than clarifying/convincing.9、根据他所提出来的外语学习的理论，一个人在精神松弛的状态下学习英语要比在精神紧张时学习英语更有效。According to his theory of foreign language learning, one can better learn English in a state of relaxation than in a state of concentration.10、计划和列提纲只是写作的前奏曲，一篇论文的撰写还需要经过初稿、修改、编审等环节。Planning and outlining are only a prelude to writing. Drafting, revising and editing are necessary steps to write a thesis.Unit 5vExplain the following sentences in your own words.1、”Where excellence is not an act but a habit.” Where high quality is not just something we do on certain occasions, but rather something that we do regularly as a habit.2、 these days you can point-and-click anywhere on the planet, unencumbered by time or space or long-distance phone tariffs. nowadays by using a computer equipped with a modem and pointing and clicking with a mouse, you can get information from any place in this world, and neither time, or space, nor high long-distance phone tariffs will make it difficult for you to do so.3、Who knew then that from this modest hack would flow the civilization-altering, millionaire-spawning, information suck hole known as the Word Wide Web? Who knew at that time that this humble software consultant would create the World Wide Web which would change our civilization, bring about millionaires, and become a rich source of information?4、It started, of all places, in the Swiss Alps. Surprisingly enough, such thing did not take place in an industrial city or town but in the Swiss Alps, which seemed to be remote from industry.5、. that could keep ”track of all the random associations one comes across in real life and brains are supposed to be so good at remembering but sometimes mine wouldnt .” that could keep myself informed about all the connections that one may meet with by chance in real life, and which ones brains ought to be good enough to remember, but sometimes I would just fail to remember.6、”One had to be able to jump from software documentation to a list of people to a phone book to an organization chart to whatever.” On the Internet one should be able to begin from ones own software file and move on to get a list of names of people one wishes to contact, and to get access to a phone book, and to get a chart showing an organization, and to obtain whatever information one wishes to get.7、In 1991 the World Wide Web debuted, instantly bringing order and clarity to the chaos that was cyberspace. In 1991 the World Wide Web made its first appearance to the world, and thereafter what used to be chaotic on computer screen began to become orderly and clear.8、He took a powerful communications system that only the elite could use and turned it into a mass medium. He changed a most effective communications system which used to be only at the disposal of the select educated class into a means of communication for large numbers of common people.9、Just seven days earlier, on October 11, 1997, his wife, Han Dan, had told him devastating news about their seemingly healthy three-year-old son, Shao-han. Just a week ago, on October 11, 1997, his wife told him the most distressing news about their little son who appeared to the healthy.10、Mary Anne was riveted by the words “serious congenital heart disease.” Mary Anne was attracted and her attention was fixed on the words ”serious heart disease from birth.”11、”The world is too rich to let this kid die without a fight.” The world is so rich that it just cannot let this child die without trying to do something.12、In the next few days Yongxins sprits alternated between hope and despair. In the following days, Yongxins state of mind changed from hopefulness to hopelessness and vice versa by turns.13、Mary Anne Wehland received tentative commitments from several pediatric cardiac surgeons to treat Shao-shao for free. Mary Anne Wehland was given uncertain promises from several surgeons who were specialized in treating childrens heart diseases, who offered to treat Shao-Shao free of charge.14、Every year he led a U.C.L.A. medical team to perform corrective surgery on youngsters in Peru, and he had seen hundreds of so-called inoperable kids thrive. Every year he went to Peru with a U.C.L.A. medical team to operate on children who were not supposed to be able to have operations, aiming at restorin