flame retardant additives from buckman laboratories, inc：阻燃添加剂巴克曼实验室公司课件

FlameRetardantAdditivesforCoatings Plastics andAdhesives byWalterContiBUCKMANLABORATORIES INC 1256NorthMcLeanBlvd Memphis TN38108 12411 800 282 5626 Mission We theassociatesofBuckmanLaboratories willexcelinprovidingmeasurable cost effectiveimprovementsinoutputandqualityforourcustomersbydeliveringcustomer specificservicesandproducts andthecreativeapplicationofknowledge BuckmanLaboratories FlameRetardantAdditivesforCoatings Plastics andAdhesives DefinitionofFIRE Fireisoneofthe4Elements EARTH AIR FIREandWATER ByWebster Fireisdefinedas ARapid persistentchemicalreactionthatreleasesheatandlight esp theexothermiccombustionofacombustiblesubstancewithoxygen FireFlashover UpholsteredChairFire elapsedtime4 50min sec TV LowLevelIgnition notflameretarded TV LowLevelIgnition flameretarded Introduction Almostanythingwillburn Theobjectiveofflameretardingistoincreasetheresistanceofaproducttoignitionandtoreduceflamespread Thus theuseofaflameretardantmaypreventasmallfirefrombecomingamajorcatastrophe Introduction con t ANationalBureauofStandards U S studycomparingfireretardedandnon fireretardedproductsconcludedthatfireretardantadditivesdecreasedtheoverallfirehazardoftheirhostproducts FIREStatistics UShasoneofthehighestfiredeathratesintheindustrializedworldMorethan2millionfiresreportedeachyear costof8 1billiondollarsWherefiresoccurinthehome Kitchen29 Bedroom13 LivingRoom Den8 Chimney8 LaundryArea4 Topcausesofresidentialfires CarelessSmokingArsonAlternativeheatersCooking DeterminingtheFireHazardofaProduct FactorsneededtobeconsideredindeterminingthefirehazardofaproductareIgnitabilityFlammabilityHeatreleasedwhenburnedHeatreleaserateSmokeobscurationToxicityofthesmokegenerated FlameRetardantMarket Theoverallmarketforflameretardantchemicalsiscontrolledbygovernmentregulations insuranceunderwriters nationalorlocalbuildingcodes specialregulationsandcompliancewithexistingandanticipatedstandards Withouttheseregulatoryactionsormandatorystandards flameretardantchemicalsprobablywouldnotbeusedtoanappreciableextent FlameRetardantMarket con t FireRetardantadditivesinPlastics9 4 Adhesives0 2 PaintsandCoatings4 8 Other8 1 DesiredPropertiesofaFlameRetardant HighDecompositionTemperatureLowvolatilityNon bloomingorplate outMinimaleffectonfinalphysicalpropertiesLowtoxicity nosingleadditivemeetsalltheserequirements 3ThingsareNeededtoSustainFIRE FlameOxygenFuel PhasesinthecourseofaFire Firetriangle accordingtoEmmons MechanismsofFlameRetardants EndothermicityCharformerVaporphase ENDOTHERMICITY Modeofaction heatabsorberPrimarilyutilizeevaporativecoolingprovidedbychemicallyboundwateranddilutingtheoxygeninthegas phasereactionExamplesAluminatrihydrateandmagnesiumhydroxideTheyarerelativelyinefficientHighuselevelsrequiredcomprimiseproductsphysicalproperties CHARFORMER Modeofaction CharformerAsthematerialisbrokendownacharorcarbonlayerisformed Thischaractsasaphysicalbarrierexcludingoxygenandfuelforthefire ExamplesBarium Calciummetaborates phosphoruscompounds zincborate Theseproductsworkbestwithahalogendonorofsomesort chlorinatedresin chlorinatedwax othersynergisticflameretardant VAPORPHASE Modeofaction ChemicallyinhibitflameFreeradicalsgeneratedduringcombustionarescavengedbyhalogens whichcompetewithoxygen nooxygen noflame stoppingthechainreactionofcombustion InexpensiveExamplesHalogenatedmaterials deca brometype chlorinatedparaffinwax phosphateesters antimonytriandpentoxide MajorUSProducersofFlameRetardantChemicals ProductCompanyTradenameAluminaTrihydrateAlcoaFlameGaurdLaRocheChemicalReynoldsMetalsSolemAntimonyOxideAlbermarleAnzonCooksonLaurelFireshield ThermogaurdBoronCompoundsBuckmanLaboratoriesFlameblocClimaxUSBoraxFirebrakeBrominatedPhosphatesAmeribrom DeadSeaBromineAlbermarleSaytexFerroGreatLakesChemicalFiremaster SmokeblocFMCChlorinatedCmpdsFerroDoverChemicalOccidentalPearsallChlorinatedPhosphatesAkzoAlbrightandWilsonMolybdenumCmpdsAMAXSherwinWilliamPhosphateEstersAkzoMonsanto CharacteristicsofOtherMostWidelyUsedFR s AntimonyTri Pentoxide Sb2O3 ProsInexpensiveCommodity largepriceswings 1 3 FineparticlesizeTrackRecordinmanymaterialsandapplicationsConsMayCause AntimonyMeasles inworkersHalogenneededforoptimalperformanceHighloadinglevels possiblydecreasedphysicalpropertiesHigherproductdensityMostsupplyisimported commodity largepriceswings SeeTechnicalDataSheetExample CharacteristicsofOtherMostWidelyUsedFR s ZincBorate ZnBO3 ProsInexpensiveSimilarRIofmostthermoplastics lowerpigmentlevels TrackRecordinmanymaterialsandapplicationsConsHighloadinglevels possiblydecreasingfinalphysicalpropertiesHalogenneededforoptimalperformanceHighproductdensityWaterofhydration CharacteristicsofOtherMostWidelyUsedFR s BrominatedFlameRetardant BFR s ProsCostEffectiveTrackRecordinmanymaterialsandapplicationsConsHalogen Bromine BrominatedmaterialsunderscrutinyinEurope USmayfollowNotreadilybiodegradable environmentalissues PrimaryIndustriesWhereFlameRetardantsareUsed Wireandcable electronicandother AppliancesTextilesCoatingsAdhesivesCarpetBackingOther SuccesseswithFlameblocProductsinPlastics Coatings PVC wireandjacketing ChlorinatedPolyethylene risercable Nylonotherengineeringresins partofFRpackage PolyesterPultrusionCoatings Intumesentcoatings BenefitsofFlameblocFlameRetardants SmokeSuppressants con t FlameRetardant SmokeSuppressorDatahasshownthatthesmokesuppressanteffectivenesscanbeasgreatas50 orbetter seedata FourparticlesizestochoosefromThetheoryisthatyouwillgetbetterdispersioninyourpolymerwithasmallerparticlesizeandmoreuniformdistributioncurve Also theincreasedsurfaceareahelpscreatemorechar BenefitsofFlameblocFlameRetardants SmokeSuppressants con t DoesnotnoticeablydegradefinalphysicalpropertiesofmostfinishedproductsHeatStabilizationEffectUnlikeproductslikeZincBorate thatsignificantlydegradeapolymer sfinalphysicalproperties theBariumandCalciumMetaboratesactasstabilizersanddonotdegradethepolymer sfinalpropertiestothatdegreeSaferproduct MSDS thanmanyofitscompetitors BenefitsofFlameblocFlameRetardants SmokeSuppressants con t ReducedtoxicsmokeemissionsandtotalsmokeTheFlameblocproductskeepthePeakRateofHeatReleaseandTotalHeatRelease conecalorimeter lowthuscreatinglesscombustiblesandlesssmoke AlsothebyproductsofBMBandCMBarelesstoxicthansomeofitscounterparts Non halogen TestMethods Therearemanydifferenttestsfordeterminingthedegreeofflameretardancyofmaterials Thecorrelationofperformancebetweentestmethodsispoor Therefore asystemthatpassesonetest mightnotpassormayneedmodificationinordertopassadifferenttest Followingisalistofsomeofthemorecommontest MeasuringFlammability Smoke ThetwomostpopularlaboratorymethodsofmeasuringflammabilityareUL 94LimitedOxygenTestsWhilesuchsmallscaletestsareusefulforcomparativestudies theydonotpredictthelevelofhazardinanactualroomfire MeasuringFlammability SmokeUL 94 TheUL 94requirementscovertestsforflammabilityofplasticmaterialsusedtomanufacturepartsindevicesandappliances Theyareintendedtoprovideanindicationofaresin sflammability andthereforeacceptabilityforaparticularapplication Tests HorizontalBurningTest 94HB20MMVerticalBurningTest 94V 0 94V 1 or94V 2 MeasuringFlammability SmokeUL 94 con t MeasuringFlammability SmokeUL 94 con t MeasuringFlammability SmokeUL 94 con t MeasuringFlammability SmokeUL 94 con t Tests HorizontalBurningTest 94HB20MWVerticalBurningTest 94V 0 94V 1 or94V 2500MWVerticalBurningTest 94 5VAor94 5VBThinMaterialVerticalBurningTest 94VTM 0 or94VTM 2 HorizontalBurningFoamedMaterialsTest 934HBF 94HBF 1 or94HBF 2 MeasuringFlammability SmokeOxygenIndex Oxygenindexistheconsumptionofoxygenofafiresystemrelatedtoanumericalvalue Thehigherthevaluethebettertheflameretardantsystemmaybe BuckmanLaboratorieshasthisapparatusavailableinthelab MeasuringFlammability SmokeOxygenIndex con t MeasuringFlammability Smoke con t MethodsformeasuringsmokeConecolorimeterULSteinerTunnelTest largerscale Althoughtoxicgasesarethemajorcauseoffiredeaths ithasbeensuggestedthatheatreleaserateisthesinglemostimportantvariableincharacterizingflammability MeasuringFlammability SmokeConeCalorimeter Theconecalorimeterisanapparatusthatmeasurestherateofheatreleaseusingthe oxygenconsumptionprinciple ignitabilityandsmokeproduction MeasuringFlammability SmokeULSteinerTunnelTest Thistestanalyzesthesmokeproducedbytheburningofamaterial FlameRetardantChemicalsMarket ProjectedGrowthis4 peryearoverthenextfiveyearsFlameretardantsintheelectronicsmarketsegmentwillgrowthefastestatabout7 5 CurrentandFutureTrends Europehasmovedtobanorcurtailtheuseofbrominateddiphenyloxideflameretardantsbecauseofthepotentialformationofhighlytoxicbrominatedfuransanddioxinsduringcombustion Reformulationtoreplacehalogenatedflameretardantswithnon halogenatedflameretardants CurrentandFutureTrends con t Newco polymerizationofengineeringthermoplasticsMorerigidflameretardantrequirementshavebeenestablishedfortheupholsteredfurnitureindustryBetterflameandsmokereductionusingnon halogenchemistryinthepolyolefinarena CurrentandFutureTrends con t Flameretardantblends synergism sbetweendifferentFRmec