高一英语 Unit 1 Great scientists全套课件 新人教版必修5.ppt

unit1greatscientists unit1 greatscientists period1 2warmingupandreadingi warmingup whatimpressyoumostin2003 whichpersonimpressyoumostduringthesars whatotherinfectiousdiseasesdoyouknow forexample whenyoueatsomeseafood youfeel maybeyouhavegot cholera warmingup questions 2m johnsnowdefeats kingcholera reading skimming answerthefollowingquestions whatarethetwotheoriesjohnsnowgotinterestedin whatdidjohnsnow experienceshow howtopreventthediseasehappeningagain reading i skimming 2m 1 thetwotheoriesare thefirstsuggestedthatcholeramultipliedintheairwithoutreason thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals 3 topreventthisfromhappeningagain johnsnowsuggestedthatthesourceofallwatersuppliesbeexaminedandnewmethodsofdealingwithpollutedwaterbefound 2 johnsnowhadshownthatcholerawasspreadbygermsandnotinacloudofgas keys thecauseoftheseriousdiseaseofcholera thatattackedvictims fromthenextcholeraattacktotesttheories trytoprovewhichmethodwascorrect hefoundthecauseofcholerawas idea2 becausethedatashowedaconnectionwiththewater johnsnowwasableto onceitscausewasknow nobodyknew strangecloudintheair withtheirmeals collectdata thepollutedwater defeatcholera reading ii scanning 3m detailedreading readthepassageagain andthenfindoutthedifficultorkeysentenceswiththepartner reading iii detailedreading 2m 1 buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera inthecaseofaninfectiousdiseaseitmeansnottakingcaretostopitsspread 2 hegotinterestedinthetwotheoriesexplaininghowcholerakilledpeople thismeansthathebegantofindoutaboutboththeories 3 itseemedthewaterwastoblame thesentencemeansprobablyitwasthewaterthatcausedtheillness discussion discussthefollowingquestionsingroupsoffour 1 2 3 cholerawasa19thcenturydisease whatdiseasedoyouthinkissimilartocholeratoday johnsnowbelievedidea2wasright howdidhefinallyproveit doyouthinkjohnsnowwouldhavesolvedthisproblemwith outthemap giveareason discussion 4m twodiseases whicharesimilartoday aresarsandaidsbecausetheyarebothveryserious haveanunknowncauseandpublichealthcaretosolvethem johnsnowfinallyprovedhisideabecausehefoundanoutbreakthatwasclearlyrelatedtocholera collectedinformationandwasabletotiecasesoutsidetheareatothepollutedwater keys 1 2 no themaphelpedjohnsnoworganisehisideas hewasabletoidentifythosehouseholdsthathadhadmanydeathsandchecktheirwater drinkinghabits heidentifiedthosehousesthathadhadnodeathsandsurveyedtheirdrinkinghabits theevidenceclearlypointedtothepollutedwaterbeingthecause 3 let shaveacompetition extension 延伸 1 whichscientistdiscoveredthatobjectsinwaterareliftedupbyaforcethathelpsthemfloat b archimedes阿基米德 c thomasedison爱迪生 a charlesdarwin达尔文 2 whowroteabookexplaininghowanimalsandplantsdevelopedastheenvironmentchanged mariecurie居里 c charlesdarwin达尔文 b gregormendel门道尔 3 whoinventthefirststeamengine thomasnewcomen纽兴门 c thomasedison b archimedes 4 whousedpeastoshowhowphysicalcharacteristicsarepassedfromparentstotheirchildren a thomasedison c archimedes b gregormendel 5 whodiscoveredradium a mariecurie c newton b zhangheng 6 whoinventedthewayofgivingelectricitytoeverybodyinlargecities a stephenhawking c thomasedison b archimedes 7 whowasthepainterthatstudieddeadbodiestoimprovehispaintingofpeople a gregormendel c mariecurie b leonardodavinci达 芬奇 8 whoinventedalamptokeepminerssafeunderground a sirhumphrydavy c faraday b thomasnewcomen 9 whoinventedtheearliestinstrumenttotellpeoplewhereearthquakeshappened a charlesdarwin c watt b zhangheng 10 whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes a stephenhawking c copernicus b archimedes languagepointsforreadingi unit1 greatscientists period3learningaboutlanguage readthepassageagainandfillintheblanks johnsnowwasawell known inlondoninthe century hewantedtofindthe ofcholerainorderto it in1854whenacholera out hebegantogatherinformation he onamapwhereallthedeadpeoplehadlivedandhefoundthatmanypeoplewhohaddrunkthedirtywaterfromthe died sohedecidedthatthepollutedwatercarriedcholera hesuggestedthatthe ofallwatersupplybe andnewmethodsof withpollutedwaterbefound finally kingcholera wasdefeated doctor 19th cause defeat broke marked pump source examined dealing in5minutes answerkeysforexercises2 makeatelephonecall makeadecision makeaplan makeaspeech makeacontribution makeanoise makeachange makeadescription translatethefollowingphrases andtrytofindoutwhattheitemsrelateto 一片碎玻璃开水一枚用过的邮票一箱埋起来的硬币穿破的鞋子一台损坏了的计算机 结论 以上的短语都带有过去分词 这些过去分词都是充当定语 而且我们都可以用过去分词作表语的形式来改写以上短语 abrokenpieceofglass boiledwater ausedstamp aburiedboxofcoins adamagedcomputer worn outshoes completethetablewithphrasesthathavethesamemeaning pastparticiplepastparticipleastheattributeasthepredicativeterrifiedpeople1 reservedseats2 pollutedwater3 acrowdedroom4 apleasedwinner5 peoplewhoareterrified seatswhicharereserved waterthatispolluted aroomthatiscrowded awinnerwhoispleased pastparticiplepastparticipleasthepredicativeastheattribute1 childrenwho1 lookastonished2 avasethatisbroken2 3 adoorthatisclosed3 4 theaudiencewhofeeltired4 5 ananimalthatistrapped5 astonishedchildren abrokenvase acloseddoor thetiredaudience atrappedanimal studentstrytofindsomerulesaboutthepastparticipleastheattributeandpredicative discovery 2m grammar 一 过去分词作定语1 单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义 常作前置定语 eg alostanimal一只迷路的动物ausedstamp一枚用过的邮票aninjuredfinger一个受伤的手指abrokencoin一枚破损的硬币alightedcandle一支点燃的蜡烛注意 过去分词作定语时 有时只有被动意义 e g spokenenglish英语口语writtenexercises书面练习 少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的过去分词只有完成的意义fallenleaves落叶therisensun升起来的太阳theadvancedcountries发达国家drunkenman一个醉鬼areturnedstudent一名留学生aretiredteacher一名退休教师anescapedprisoner一名逃跑的囚犯by gonedays过去的岁月 2 过去分词作后置定语 表示被动和 或完成意义 e g howiregrettedthehourswastedinthewoods 我多懊悔在树林浪费的时光啊ilikewearingclothesmadeofthiskindofcloth 我喜欢穿这种布料做的衣服 e g thebookswrittenbyluxunarepopular 鲁迅写的书很受欢迎we 11gotovisitthebridgebuilthundredsofyearsago 我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥 practice changethefollowingpastparticipleintoclauses 1 hetoldusofthegreatwrongdonetohim hetoldusofthegreatwrong tohim whichhadbeendone 注 本句中的过去分词作定语 既表被动又表完成 2 theunitedstatesisadevelopedcountry theunitedstatedisacountry whichhasdeveloped 注 本句中的过去分词作定语 只表示完成 3 haveyounoticedthebridgebeingbuiltthere haveyounoticedthebridge there whichisbeingbuilt 注 本句中的过去分词作定语 表示被动的动作正在进行 二 过去分词作表语1 过去分词作表语 表示主语的特点或所处的状态 其前的系动词有包括be在内的多种形式 e g everyonepresentisveryinspiredathisspeech 听了他的发言 在场的所有人都很振奋 youseemfrightened 你似乎受了惊吓 2 过去分词作表语 构成的系表结构与被动语态的区别 过去分词作表语 强调主语的特点或所处的状态 而被动语态中 主语是动词所表示动作的承受者 e g thisshopisnowclosed 这家商店现在已经关门了 状态 thisshopisclosedat6pmeveryday 这家商店每天6点关门 动作 practice completethesentencesusingthepastparticipleasthepredicative 1 丢了钱他自责不已 he aboutlosingthemoney 2 你为什么总是看上很疲劳 这些日子睡得好吗 whydoyoualways doyousleepwellthesedays 3 我对昨晚看的电影很失望 我原以为它能好些 i thefilmisawlastnight ihadexpectedittobebetter gotblamed looksotired wasdisappointedwith 4 听说那位明星死了 人人都很惊讶 everybody tohearthedeathofthefamousfilmstar 5 要去动物园了 孩子们非常兴奋 thechildren goingtothezoo 6 他的伤口感染了一种新病毒 hiswound anewvirus wasshocked arereallyexcitedabout becameinfectedwith lindaworkedfortheminnesotamanufacturingandminingcompany as3m a knowingb knownc beingknownd tobeknown 高考链接 b 解析 答案b 此处考查过去分词作后置定语 3m与know之间是被动关系 故用过去分词表示被动 2 thedisc digitally inthestudio soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight a recordedb recordingc toberecordedd havingrecorded 高考链接 a 解析 答案a 此处考查过去分词作后置定语 disc与record之间是被动关系 故用过去分词表示 3 don tusewords expressions orphrases onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge a beingknownb havingbeenknownc tobeknownd known 高考链接 d 解析 答案d know与words expressions phrases构成动宾关系 故用过去分词表示被动 4 theflowers sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature a tosmellb smellingc smeltd tobesmelt 高考链接 b 解析 答案b 此处为现在分词作定语 修饰flowers smell为系动词 不能用于被动语态 相当于which thatsmellssweet unit1 greatscientists period4readingii thetopicofthevideoisabout doyouknowanyfamouspersoninthisfield spaceanduniverse stephenhawking ptolemy copernicus zhangheng hubble galileo skimthetextanddrawthetwotheoriesoftheuniversewiththefollowingpictures sun earth beforecopernicus theoryshowingcopernicus theory reading i skimming 2m sun earth beforecopernicus theoryshowingcopernicus theory sun earth earth sun skimthetextanddrawthetwotheoriesoftheuniversewiththefollowingpictures reading i skimming 2m readthetextandanswerthefollowingquestion whatconclusiondidcopernicus mathematicalcalculationsleadto whycouldn thetellanyoneaboutthetheory howmanyyearsdidcopernicusworkontheproblemtocompletehistheory whendidcopernicuspublishhistheory doyouthinkit srightforcopernicustopublishhistheorythatlate reading ii detailedreading 2m hismathematicalcalculationsledtotheconclusion thattheearthwasnotthecenterofthesolarsystem whatconclusiondidcopernicus mathematicalcalculationsleadto becausethepowerfulchristianchurchwouldhavepunishedhimforevensuggestingsuchanidea 2 whycouldn thetellanyoneaboutthetheory 4years 3 howmanyyearsdidcopernicusworkontheproblemtocompletehistheory hepublishedhistheoryashelaydyingin1543 4 whendidcopernicuspublishhistheory studentsgivetheirownanswers 5 doyouthinkit srightforcopernicustopublishhistheorythatlate tryyourbesttogooverthewholepointsofeachpicturewithoutliftingyourpencilfromthepaperorgoingoveranylinetwice a a d d b b c c pre reading game 2m languagepointsforreadingii 1 johnsnowwasawell knowndoctorinlondon sofamous indeedthatheattendedqueenvictoriatoeasethebirthofherbabies 约翰 斯诺曾经是一位著名的医生 他的确太富盛名了 以至于维多利亚女王生孩子时都是他去照料 帮助她顺利分娩 attendv 1 totakecare giveattention注意 留意 如 we llattendtothesolutionofthatproblemlater languagepointsforreadingi 2 totakegoodcareof asickperson forexample 照看 照料 如 医生照看病人 thedoctorattendedthepatients 3 tobepresentat出席 到场 如 attendschool上学attendalecture听讲座attendchurch去教堂attend at awedding出席婚礼 2 buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera exposedtocholera在句子中是过去分词用作后置定语 表示被动 意为 患霍乱的 如 thebookwrittenbyluxunisverypopular 鲁迅写的书是很受欢迎的 昨天我们看见的那个人是史密斯先生 themanseenbyusyesterdayisprofessorsmith 发散思维 exposedadj 暴露的 暴露于风雨中的 无掩蔽的exposednessn 暴露 显露 开放思维 exposeto使易受 使受exposesthtothelightofday把某事暴露于光天化日之下exposeafraud揭穿骗局 3 somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak everytime在这里是连词 引导时间状语从句 意为 每次 每当 e g everytimeimeethim ialwaysthinkofthethingshappenedbetweenus 每次见到他 我就想起发生在我们之间的事情 注意 immediately themoment directly instantly等与everytime一样 都可以用作连词引导时间状语从句 意为 一 就 如 iwillgivethelettertohimimmediatelyiseehim 我一见到他就把这封信给他 icamedirectlyigotyourletter 我一接到你的信就来了 4 thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals absorb into吸收如 e g thebigcompanyhasgraduallyabsorbedthesesmallcompaniesintoitsownorganization 这家大公司逐渐将这些小的公司吞并了 absorbv 1 吸收 液体 承受 承担 如 2 tooccupythefullattention interest ortimeof engross吸引 使专心 使全神贯注如 我们不能承担这些费用 作家全神贯注的进行写作 忘了弹去雪茄烟的烟灰 thewriterwassoabsorbedinhiswritingthatheforgottoflicktheashesfromhiscigar we llnotabsorbthesecharges 他发现在两条街道上霍乱流行的特别厉害 在十天之内就死去了五百多人 5 hefoundthatintwoparticularstreets thecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplehaddiedin10days severev 1 unsparingorharsh asintreatmentofothers strict严厉的 苛刻的 严格的 如 theseveretrainerhasgoneabroad youcanbreathefreelyagain 2 causingsharpdiscomfortordistress extremelyviolentorintense veryserious 剧痛的 剧烈的 严重的 难熬的如 asevereattackoftoothache 要求苛严的教官已经出国 你可以完全放心 牙痛的剧烈发作 这张地图提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索 6 themapgaveavaluableclueaboutthecauseofthedisease valuable 1 adj worthofalotofmoney值钱的 贵重的如 thewatchisvaluable 这表很值钱 avaluablediamond 贵重的钻石 2 adj havinggreatusefulnessorvalue如 valuableinformation 3 n 常用复数形式 sththatworthalotofmoney 如 cathykepthervaluablesinasafe 重大的消息 凯西把她的贵重物品藏在保险箱里 7 itseemedthewaterwastoblame 看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮水了 be 动词不定式 可以表示该做或不该做的事情 相当于must should oughtto等 如 nooneistoleavethisbuildingwithoutthepermissionofthepolice 没有警察的允许谁也不准离开这栋楼 youarenottodroplitterinthepark 公园里不允许乱丢纸屑 8 next johnsnowlookedintothesourceofthewaterforthesetwostreets 其次 约翰 斯诺调查了这两条街的水源 lookinto看 里面 toinvestigate检查 了解 如 we lllookintothismattertogether 我们将一起调查这个问题 开放思维 lookon观看 面向 旁观 看待lookout面朝 留神 照料lookover从上面看 察看 检查lookaround环顾 观光 察看lookthrough看穿 审核 浏览 温习lookupanddown仔细打量 到处寻找lookafter寻求 照顾 关心 9 inanotherpartoflondon hefoundsupportingevidencefromtwootherdeathsthatwerelinkedtothebroadstreetoutbreak 在伦敦的另一个地方 他发现有两个死亡的病例与宽街爆发的霍乱有关联 inadditionadv aswellas另外如 inaddition thecoursealsoproducespracticalexperience 此外这门功课还提供