时态学案（高一下）适合中等水平学习.doc

七、现在完成时构成形式：_1. 现在完成时表示动作在过去，对现在产生影响或结果。常用的时间状语有：just, already, yet, so far, recently, ever, in/during the past+一段时间等。 在过去的十年里，我的家乡发生了巨变。 _ Mary 是我见过的最漂亮的女孩子。 Mary is _ that I _.2. 表示从 开始，一直延续到 的动作或状态。 They _since childhood. 自从童年开始他们一直是好朋友。 We _ for 5 years. 我们结婚已经五年了。注意：My uncle _(work) in Japan for ten years, but now he _(work) in Changsha3. 表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经历。常用的时间状语有twice, ever, never, three times, before等。 I_(从来没有见过) her so angry before. Tom has been to Paris 5 times. 翻译：_ 比较：Tom has gone to Paris._4. 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别现在完成时强调的是它和现在有密切的联系，对现状有影响的某一已发生的动作；而一般过去时强调动作发生在过去，不表示和现在有关系。比较： He worked there for three years. ( ) He has worked there for three years. ( )5. 在完成时中,一个瞬间性动词(一次性动作)不能与表示一段时间的状语连用, 此时须将该瞬间动词改为延续性动词或状态动词。或者使用下面这个句型： It is/ has been + (一段时间)+ since +主语(人)+谓语(过去时)+过去时间状语 注意 在其它的时态中也存在类似问题,记住,关键是：瞬间动词不能和表达一段时间的状语连用。如：How long may I keep the book?(这本书我能借多久？)(不能用borrow)体验高考1.（2011湖南）30. It is most instructive lecture that I _ since I came to this school.A. attended B. had attended C. am attending D. have attended2. （2012湖南）33. I remember you were a talented pianist at college. Can you play the piano for me? Sorry, I _ the piano for years.A. dont play B. wasnt playing C. havent played D. hadnt played3.（2013湖南）27. Have you heard about the recent election? Sure, it _ the only thing on the news for the last three days. A. would beB. isC. has beenD. will be4. Have you read the book called Waiting for Anya? Who it? (北京) A. writes B. has written C. wrote D. had written5. (全国I)47. Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time? Yes, since she the Chinese Society. A. has joined B. joins C. had joined D. joined6.（2011全国卷II）4. If you dont like the drink you just leave it and try a different one. A. ordered B. are ordering C. will order D. had ordered7. (2011北京)8. Bob has gone to California. Oh, can you tell me when he ?A. has left B. left C. is leaving D. would leave8. (2008福建D)40. So far this year we a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. A. sawB. seeC. had seenD. have seen八、现在完成进行时构成形式：_1. 表示动作从过去某时开始一直持续到现在，这个动作可能刚终止，也可能还在进行。We_. Please hurry up. (我们一直在等你。)_(雨一直在下). Do you know when it will stop?2. 现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别1）现在完成时一般表示动作已经完成，现在完成进行时的动作不一定已经完成，很可能持续下去。 比较：Ive been writing an article. ( ) Ive written an article. ( ) 2）现在完成进行时往往表示动作在重复，而现在完成时一般不表示动作的重复。 Ive been taking part in races for about four years. How many races have you taken part in?体验高考1. (辽宁)48. Have you got any job offers? No. I . A. waitedB. had been waiting C. have waited D. am waiting2. （2011北京）6. Tom in the library every night over the last three months. A. works B. worked C. has been working D.had been working3. (江苏)43. Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. I think so. He for it for months. A. is preparingB. was preparingC. had been preparingD. has been preparing4. （2010陕西）24. I have to see the doctor because I a lot lately. A. have been coughing B. had coughed C. coughed D. cough九、过去完成时构成形式：_ 时间状语：_1. 表示过去某时前或过去的某个动作前发生的动作或情况（也可说是“ ”）。By the end of June they _ 30,000 patients.(treat)We hurried to the station, only to be told the train _.(leave)2. 过去完成时常用于宾语从句中、after引导的从句中,或者从句是before引导的主句中。如： After I _ my shoes and hat, I walked into the darkness.（我穿上鞋子戴上帽子后） He said that he _ a kangaroo before.(他说他以前从来没有见过袋鼠)3. 比较以下句子,分析主句所用的时态和连词。 Tom was watching when I got home. Jim had just finished his dinner when I got home. Sam was about to go out when I got home. My parents had gone to bed before I got home.4. 用于两个常用句型的主句中：hardly (scarcely) . when, no sooner . than，表示 She had hardly gone to bed when the bell rang. = Hardly _5. intend, mean, expect, want, hope, plan, think, wish等动词的过去完成时可以表示本来打算做或希望做而没有做的事。 I _, but someone came to see me when I was about to leave. （我昨天本打算去拜访你.）体验高考1.（2011山东）10. She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child everything! A. had been eating B. had eaten C. have eaten D. have been eating2. （2011福建）12. Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they from China. A. receive B. are receiving C. have received D. had received3. （2011四川）14.What a mistake!Yes. I his doing it another way, but without success. A. was suggesting B. will suggest C. would suggest D. had suggested4. (2011辽宁)19. By the time Jack returned home from England, his son from college. A. graduated B. has graduated C. had been graduating D. had graduated5I _ to go to your party yesterday evening, but I had an unexpected visitor. Aintended Bhad intended Cwould intend Dwould have intended 十、将来完成时构成形式：_ 时间状语_1. 状态完成：表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。They _(marry) for 20 years by then. 2. 动作完成：表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前，已经完成的动作。 You _(reach) Shanghai by this time tomorrow.By the time you get home, I _(clean) the house from top to bottom.体验高考1. (2011天津)9. On her next birthday, Ann married for twenty years. A. is B. has been C. will be D. will have been十一、将来进行时 表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作。构成形式：_时间状语：_I （我将在纽约学习汉语）at this time of next year.体验高考1.Will you see me off at the airport at ten tomorrow morning? Sorry, I _a lecture then. Awill be giving Bwill give来Cgive Dhave given语态一、构成语态是表示主语和谓语的关系。英语有两种语态：主动语态 (the Active Voice) 和被动语态(the Passive Voice)。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，其构成为be+过去分词。如：She typed a letter. (主动) A letter was typed by her. (被动)各个时态的被动形式大致可归纳如下：一般时态进行时态完成时态现在am/ is /are +doneam/ is/ are +being donehave/has +been done过去was/ were+donewas/were+being donehad +been done将来shall/will +be done shall/will+have beendone过去将来should/would +be done Should/would +have been done 二、被动语态使用要点（一）不能用被动语态的情况1. 不能用于被动语态appear, rise, die, happen, occur, lie, exist, belong to, break out, take place, run out等。 Great changes have been taken place in my hometown. ( ) Great changes have taken place in my hometown. ( )2. 下列动词以及短语动词通常不用于被动语态 此类动词及短语有：lack, fit, mean, hold, resemble, have, cost, equal, contain, become, last, benefit, fail, consist of, look like，等。The book costs 10 yuan. The book consists of 25 chapters.（二）主动形式表示被动意义的情况1. 用主动形式表被动意义。如look, smell, taste, fell, prove, wear, sound,turn out等。翻译：这些花儿闻起来很香。_The dish_.(尝起来很味道鲜美。)The cloth _.(摸起来柔软。)2. 某些及物动词表示事物的性质时用主动形式表示被动意义，常与 等副词连用。如wash, write, sell, read, open, cut, lock, peel, iron等。The type of recorder_.(卖得好)That kind of shirt_(容易洗).Ripe apples _(容易削皮).3. 等词的后面可以用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。The book _.(值得一读)The children _.(需要照顾)The table _.(要洗了)4. 某些作表语的形容词后，用 主动形式表示被动意义。The rock is hard to break._He is hard to please._The fish _.(不适合吃)5. 某些不及物动词如open, shut, start, act, keep, move等与cant, wont, doesnt 等连用时。 The library doesnt open on Sunday. The door wont shut.（三）不定式符号to在被动语态中不可省 在主动语态中，如果感官动词和使役动词后的宾语补足语是动词，这个动词前往往不带to,但在被动语态中要带to。I saw her pass by the window.She was seen by the window.The boss made Jim work overtime.Jim was made overtime.（四）get + 过去分词也可构成被动语态 get常同marry, pay, damage, tear, hurt, paint, invite, repair, dress等动词的过去分词连用，构成被动语态。John and Jane_(结婚)last month.Jack _(受伤) in the basketball match.（五）被动语态的固定结构be supposed to do/be意为“应该”What am I supposed to do? He was supposed to be here at 8 oclock.1Im calling about the apartment you_the other day.Could you tell me more about it？Aadvertised Bhad advertised (2013安徽，24)Care advertising Dwill advertise2Could I use your car tomorrow morning? Sure.I_a report at home.(2013江苏，25)Awill be writing Bwill have written Chave written Dhave been writing3What about your selfdrive trip yesterday?Tiring！The road is being widened，and we_a rough ride.(2013江苏，34)Ahad Bhave Cwould have Dhave had4Hurry up，kids！The school bus _for us！(2013四川，3)Awaits Bwas waitingCwaited Dis waiting5On Monday mornings it usually _ me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.(2013陕西，11)Atakes Bis taking Ctook Dwill take6Jim _ a late night film at home when，right in the middle of a thrilling scene，the television went blank.(2013陕西，17)Awatched Bhad watched Cwas watching Dwould be watching7. Shakespeares play Hamlet _ into at least ten different films over the past years. (2013北京，23) Ahad been made Bwas made Chas been made Dwould be made 8Hurry up！Mark and Carol _ us.(2013北京，28)Aexpect Bare expecting Chave expected Dwill expect9So what is the procedure? (2013北京，32)All the applicants _ before a final decision is made by the authority.Ainterview Bare interviewing Care interviewed Dare being interviewed10He was unhappy when he sold his guitar.After all，he_it for a very long time. Ahas had Bhad had Chas Dhad (2013辽宁，22)11We are confident that the environment_by our further efforts to reduce pollution.Ahad been improved Bwill be improved(2013辽宁，30)Cis improved Dwas improved12The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers_one of the main pipes.Ahad repaired Bhave repaired Crepaired Dare repairing (2013天津，13)13Around two oclock every night，Sue will start talking in her dream.It somewhat_us.Abothers Bhad bothered Cwould bother Dbothered (2013湖南，24)14If nothing_，the oceans will turn into fish deserts.(2013湖南，26)Adoes Bhad been done Cwill do Dis done15I dont understand why you didnt go to the lecture yesterday afternoon.Im so sorry.But I_my homework.(2013湖南，34)Ahad done Bwas doing Cwould do Dam doing16Oh no！Were too late.The train_.Thats OK.Well catch the next train to London.(2013山东，27)Awas leaving Bhad left Chas left Dhas been leaving17The girl has a great interest in sport and _ badminton classes twice a week over the last three years. (2013福建，26)Atook Bis taking Ctakes Dhas been taking18I felt very tired when I got home，and I _ straight to bed.(2013重庆，21)Ago Bwent Chad gone Dhave gone19The letters for the boss_on his desk but he didnt read them until three days later.Awere put Bwas put Cput Dhas put (2012天津，2)20I feel so excited! At this time tomorrow morning I _ to Shanghai.(2012辽宁，31)Awill be