高中英语 Unit3语法课件 新人教版必修5.ppt

pastparticiple 3 usedastheadverbial worriedaboutthejourney iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays asiwasworriedaboutthejourney iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays rewritethesentencebelow participleusedastheadverbial readthreemoresentenceswithpastparticiplesusedastheadverbial 1 well knownfortheirexpertise hisparents company called futuretour transportedmesafelyintothefutureinatimecapsule 2 hitbyalackoffreshair myheadached 3 exhausted islidintobedandfellfastsleep moreexamplesentences 1 whenitisheated icewillbechangedintowater 2 whenitisseenunderamicroscope afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix pointedshape whenheated icewillbechangedintowater seenunderamicroscope afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix pointedshape 过去分词作时间状语 1 whenitisheated icewillbechangedintowater whenheated icewillbechangedintowater 2 whenitisseenunderamicroscope afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix pointed seenunderamicroscope afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix pointedshape 过去分词作原因状语 1 since asshewasgivenadvicebythefamousdetective theyoungladywasnolongerafraid givenadvicebythefamousdetective theyoungladywasnolongerafraid 2 becauseitwasdoneinahurry hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes doneinahurry hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes 过去分词作条件或者假设状语 iftheyhadbeengivenmoreattention thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter givenmoreattention thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter 2 ifiamcomparedwithyou westillhavealongwaytogo comparedwithyou westillhavealongwaytogo 过去分词作方式或伴随情况状语 1 thehunterlefthishouse andhewasfollowedbyhisdog thehunterlefthishouse followedbyhisdog 2 shesatbythewindow andshewaslostinthought shesatbythewindow lostinthought althoughwewereexhaustedbytheclimb wecontinuedourjourney wecontinuedourjourney exhaustedbytheclimb wecontinuedourjourney 过去分词作让步状语 1 过去分词在句子中可以作时间状语 原因状语 伴随状语 条件状语 让步状语等 2 过去分词作状语时 过去分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致 summary 过去分词作状语有两大特点 1 表示被动的动作 分词与主语的逻辑关系被动 2 表示已经完成的动作 1 askedwhathadhappened hetoldusaboutit whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened hetoldusaboutit 2 well knownforhisexpertadvice hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures becausehewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures rewritethesentenceswithproperconjunctions 3 givenmoretime wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter ifweweregivenmoretime wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter 4 oncetranslatedintochinese thebookbecameverypopularamongchineseteenagers onceitwastranslatedintochinese thebookbecameverypopularamongchineseteenagers 5 deeplyinterestedinmedicine shedecidedtobecomeadoctor becauseshewasdeeplyinterestedinmedicine shedecidedtobecomeadoctor 6 leftaloneathome samdidnotfeelafraidatall althoughhewasleftaloneathome samdidnotfeelafraidatall rewritethesentenceswithpastparticiple asiwasworriedaboutthejourney iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays worriedaboutthejourney 2 ifheisgiventime he llmakeafirst classtennisplayer he llmakeafirst classtennisplayer 3 asiwasconfusedbythenewsurroundings iwashitbythelackoffreshair iwashitbythelackoffreshair giventime confusedbythenewsurroundings 4 whenhewasquestionedbythepoliceaboutthefire hebecametense hebecametense questionedbythepoliceaboutthefire 1 frightenedbytheloudnoise iwenttoseewhatwashappening 2 hitbythelackoffreshair hegotabadheadache 3 tiredafterthelongjourney istillenjoyedmeetingthealiensonthespacestation4 frightenedbythenoiseoutside thelittlegirldarednotsleepinherbedroom combinethesesentencesusingthepastparticipleastheadverbial page21ex2 5 builtin1910 themuseumisalmost100yearsold 6 givensomeadvicebythefamousscientist thestudentwasnotworriedabouthisscientificexperimentanymore 7 exhaustedafteraday swork georgetooksometabletstohelphimfeelbetter 8 veryastonishedbytheamountofworkinthenewtimetable lucydecidedtoleaveherjobimmediately followingtheoldman wewentupstairs 跟着那个老人 我们上了楼 2 followedbytheoldman wewentupstairs 被那个老人跟着 我们上了楼 compare 3 从上面看 体育场好像一个鸟巢 fromthetop thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest a seeingb seen4 从太空看 宇航员看不到长城 fromthespace theastronautcouldnotdiscoverthegreatwall a seeingb seen b a 注意作状语的过去分词其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语 且主语是过去分词动作的承受者 即过去分词表示的动作不是句子的主语发出的 过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系 即被动关系 这一点是与现在分词作状语的情况是不同的 后者与主语之间是主谓关系 completeeachsentenceusingthepastparticipleoftherightverb 1 bynoisesinthenight thegirlnolongerdaredtosleepinherroom 2 theladyreturnedhome bytwopolicemen frightentrapfollowshoot frightened followed 3 if inaburningbuilding youshouldsendforhelp 4 although intheleg hecontinuedfiringatthethief trapped shot pastparticiple 3 usedastheattribute 过去分词作定语过去分词作定语与其所修饰的词之间存在着逻辑上的被动关系 且表示该动作已经完成 单个的过去分词作定语 通常置于被修饰的词的前面 分词短语作定语时 须置于被修饰词的后面 1 lastsundaywewentonanorganizedtriptotheforest 上周日我们进行了一次有组织的去森林的旅行 2 aletterpostedtodaywillreachhimthedayaftertomorrow 今天寄出的信后天他就能收到 被动意义 anhonoredguest 一位受尊敬的客人 受伤的工人 arenowbeingtakengoodcareofinthehospital b 完成意义 aretiredteacher 一位退休教师 theyarecleaning 落叶 intheyard theinjuredworkers thefallenleaves 过去分词作定语前置和后置两种情况 单个的过去分词作定语 通常放在被修饰的名词之前 表示被动和完成意义 1 前置定语 过去分词短语作定语时 通常放在被修饰的名词之后 它的作用相当于一个定语从句 thiswillbethebestnovelofitskindeverwritten whoweretheso calledguestsinvited toyourpartylastnight thathaseverbeenwritten whohadbeeninvited 2 后置定语 如果被修饰的词是由every some any no thing body one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时 即使一个单一的分词作形容词用 也要放在被修饰词的后面 例如 isthereanythingunsolved thereisnotingchangedheresinceileftthistown 注意 现在分词作定语 它与被修饰的名词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系 而且该动词的动作正在进行 过去分词做定语时 它与被修饰的名词存在着逻辑上有动宾关系 而且该动词的动作已经发生了 现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别 heworkedasaworkerbuildingroads 主动 heworkedasaworkerwho thatbuiltroads thisisapicturepaintedbymyfather 被动 thisisapicturewhichwaspaintedbymyfather iknowtheyoungmansleepingonthebench 在进行 iknowtheyoungmanwhoissleepingonthebench thelettermailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow 已完成 theletterwhichwasmailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow 过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定语 前后常有逗号 someofthem bornandbroughtupincountryvillages hadneverseenatrain 分词作定语可以转换成定语从句 weliveinahousefacing whichfaces thesouth thisisthefactory whichwas builtin1980 1 soonwelostsightofthatfamousastronomercalledliqiang 2 iamgoingtobuyapaintingcopiedfromvincentvangogh 3 ilikethatoldprivatehousebuiltofwoodandmud combinethesesentencesusingthepastparticipleastheattribute page21ex3 4 theroomconnectedtotherestofthehousebyalongpassageiscompletelyempty 5 thequeenwassittinginaroyalcarriagedrawnbyfourhorses 6 thevehiclementionedinthebookisunknowntome 7 thecastlebuiltin1432isunderrepair 1 theolympicgames in776b c didn tincludewomenuntil1912 a firstplayingb tobefirstplayedc firstplayedd tobeplaying 考点点拨 c 简析 首先 根据语法分析可知 待选部分是一个作定语 修饰theolympicgames的后置分词短语 再根据theolympicgames对于动词play来说只能是被动承受 且已完成 in776b c 2 what sthelanguage ingermany a speakingb spokenc bespokend tospeak简析 测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动 等于定语从句whichisspoken b 3 mostoftheartists tothepartywerefromsouthafrica a invitedb toinvitec beinginvitedd hadbeeninvited简析 测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动 等于定语从句whowereinvited a 4 thecomputercentre lastyear isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool a openb openingc havingopenedd opened简析 测试过去分词短语作定语放在所修饰的名词后 可以用非限制性定语从句whichwasopenedlastyear代替 d 5 thefirsttextbooks forteachingenglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury a havingwrittenb tobewrittenc beingwrittend written简析 测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动 等于定语从句whichwerewritten d 1 when ifshewouldrequestarise theactresssaidthatmoneywasnotimportant a askedb askingc havingaskedd beingasked a choosethebestanswers 2 yesterdayisawinthenewspaperateachingpost ataschoolclosetomyhomeandiwantedtoapplyforit a advertisesb advertisingc advertisedd toadvertise c 3 mary sfathersaidthathewouldattendthemeetingif a invitingb invitedc hadinvitedd tobeinvited4 john bytheterribleaccident couldsaynothingatfirst a frightenedb wasfrightenedc hasfrightenedd frightening5 wheneverthemistakeshemade inpublicbyhisparents tomwouldrunawayunhappily a talkingaboutb totalkaboutc weretalkingaboutd weretalkedabout b a d 6 inasmallbasket thedogconstantlymovedfromsidetoside a tocarryb tobecarriedc carryingd carried7 greatly bythewarm heartedpeoplearound theydecidedtomakegreateffortstotrytheexperimentagain a inspiredb inspiringc tobeinspiredd havingbeeninspired8 byagroupofyoungpeople theoldmanwasverydelighted a surroundingb havingsurroundedc tobesurroundedd surrounded d a d 9 unimaginablestrength theinjuredsoldierstruggledtohisownfeet a filledwithb tofillwithc fillingwithd beingfilledwith10 withhiseyes onthecomputerscreen hedidn tn