高二英语 三单元语法课件 新人教版选修6.ppt

thesubjunctivemood 虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设 该语法主要用于if条件状语从句 也可用于主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句等 通常有三种情况 与过去事实相反 与现在事实相反 与将来事实可能相反 虚拟语气 例 ifihadcomeheryesterday iwouldhaveseenhim 如果我昨天来 就会看见他了 ifyouhadgotupearlier youcouldhavecaughtthetrain 如果你早一点起床 就会赶上火车的 与过去相反 iftheyhadstudiedhard theycouldhavedoneiteasilythatday 1 如果他们以前努力学习的话 那天干的就会容易些 2 如果他不听取我的建议 他就不会干得这样好 ifhehadnottakenmyadvice hewouldn thavedoneitmuchbetterlikethis ifi timelastnight i toseethefilmwithyou hadhad wouldhavegone ifhemorecarefully hethecaraccidentyesterday haddriven wouldnothavehad ifihowtoswim itrappedinthisisland hadlearnt wouldnothavebeen ifthestaffhadbeenmorecareful themallwouldnotbeonfirenow 主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间 这时主从句位于动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同 这叫做混合条件句 例句中从句与过去事实相反 主句与现在事实相反 ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday youwouldknowwhattodonow 例 ifiwereateacher iwouldbestrictwithmystudents ifihadhiv iwouldknowbecauseiwouldfeelsick hadhiv wouldfeel were wouldbe 与现在相反 whatwouldyoudoifyouwonthelottery ifiwonthelottery iwould ifiwonthelottery iwouldbuyanexpensivecar ifihadalotofmoney iwouldbuyavilla ifihadalotofmoneynow iwouldtravelaroundtheworld ifitwerefinenow iwouldgoshopping ifi ateacher i were 1 iftheteacheraskedmetosolvetheproblemnexttime icouldtrymybest 2 ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime hewouldtryagain 3 ifweweretopanic wewouldnotbeabletohelp 与将来相反 如果你成功了 一切都会好起来 ifyousucceeded everythingwouldbeallright ifyoushouldsucceed everythingwouldbeallright ifyouweretosucceed everythingwouldbeallright ifhegotupearly hewouldbeontime wish insubjunctivemood 虚拟语气的特殊用法 1 iwishiwereastallasyou iwishiwereabird iwisheverydayweremybirthday iwish wishedihadn teatensomuchwatermelon iwishitwouldraintomorrow 另外 demandsuggestorderproposerequestcommandinsist etc should do 表示愿望 建议 命令 请求等 2 asif asthough hebehavesasifheownedthehouse buthedoesn townitorprobablydoesn townitorwedon tknowwhetherheownsitornot hetalksaboutromeasthoughhehadbeentherehimself 主语从句中的虚拟语气 在句型 itisimportant necessary strange natural that 中 that后面的从句中的谓语动词用 should 动词原形 例句 it snecessarythatweshouldhaveawalknow 我们有必要出去散散步 it snaturalthatsheshoulddoso 她这样做是很自然的 it simportantthatweshouldtakegoodcareofthepatient 重要的是我们要照顾好病人 3 虚拟语气几个特例 1 ifonly意为 若是 那该多好啊 真希望 只要 只要 就好表示现在的情况 应用过去式 如果是过去的情况 应用过去完成时态ifonlyihadarrivedintime ifonlyshedidn tdrivesofast 2 it s high right timethat that从句要用虚拟语气 过去时或should doit stimethatyouleft shouldleavehere 3 一些介词短语 如 butfor 要不是 without otherwise 否则 等表示含蓄的条件 这时主句要用虚拟语气withoutyourhelp wewouldnothavemadesuchrapidprogress butformybrother shelp iwouldnothavefinisheditontime ihadtodosth moreimportant otherwiseimighthavehelped 虚拟语气几个特例 alan thepartyifhehadgonetolondon a wouldhavemissedb hadmissedc wouldmissd missed2 itwasthedrug notthedisease thatkilledtheboy hewouldbestillalivetodayifhe thatdrug a nottakeb shouldn thavetakenc didn ttaked hadn ttaken exercises 3 simonlooksasthoughhenever asquaremeal 吃得饱 thoughhisparentsfeedhimverywell a getb gettingc gotd shouldget4 heistalkingsomuchaboutamericaasifhe there a hadbeenb werec wasd been 5 haveyoueverbeentobeijing no butiwishi a haveb willc dod had6 whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater itlooksasifit a breaksb hasbrokenc werebrokend hadbeenbroken 7 2002上海高考题 itishardformetoimaginewhatiwouldbedoingtodayifi inlove attheageofseven withthemelindacoxlibraryinmyhometown a wouldn thavefallenb hadnotfallenc shouldfalld weretofall 8 ifit sohard we dgototown a isn trainingb weren trainingc doesn traind hasrain9 iwishi youyesterday a sawb didseec hadseend weretosee 10 hissilenceatthemeetingsuggestedthathe toyourplan a didn tagreeb hadn tagreedc wouldn tagreed notagree11 thefatherinsistedhisdaughter arichman a wouldbeengagedtob beengagedtoc shouldengagedtod mustbeengagedto 12 you ear