高考英语 虚拟语气的“四种形式”及“三点注意”课件 人民版.ppt

虚拟语气subjunctive 如果我有一千万 我就能买一栋房子我有一千万吗 没有 所以我仍然没有房子 如果我有翅膀 我就能飞 我有翅膀吗 没有 所以我也没办法飞 如果把整个太平洋的水倒出 也浇不息我对你爱情的火整个太平洋的水全部倒得出吗 不行 所以我并不爱你 虚拟语气 thesubjunctivemood 表示说话人所说的不是事实 而是一种假设 愿望或推测 testpoints1 thesubjunctivemoodusedinifclauses 2 inversionusedinifclauses 3 thesubjunctivemoodusedinthenounclauses 4 someotherformsofthesubjunctivemood 5 thesubjunctivemoodandtheindicativemood 虚拟语气的解题思路 1 依据情境 判定虚拟 2 抓住信息词 确定虚拟类别 3 依据时态 确定虚拟句的动词形式 youdidn tletmedrive ifwe inturn you sotired a drove didn tgetb haddriven wouldn thavegotc drove wouldn tgetd weredriving wouldn tget 一 掌握虚拟语气的四种主要形式 1 条件从句 主句 2 名词性从句中的虚拟语气 3 wish asif ifonly及wouldrather的虚拟形式 4 itistimethat的虚拟形式二 注意虚拟语气的三种活用现象 1 含蓄条件句 2 时间错综句 3 虚实错综句 虚拟语气thesubjunctivemood haddonewould should could mighthavedonedid were1 shoulddo2 weretodo3 did would should could mightdo 1 如果我有一百万美元 我会买下这架飞机 ifihadonemilliondollars iwouldbuytheplane 2 要是当时我和她结了婚的话 那我是很不幸的 幸亏我没和她结婚 ifihadmarriedher iwouldhavebeenunhappy 3 如果他明天来的话 我会告诉他这件事 事实是明天他不会来 ifhecame weretocome shouldcomeheretomorrow iwouldtellhimaboutit 条件状语的倒装 如果从句中有were had should时 可以倒装成 were had should 主 其他 if省略 wereiyou iwouldgiveaidspatientahug hadhebeenthereyesterday hewouldhaveseenthefilm shoulditsnowtomorrow wewouldn tgoout ifiwereyou iwouldgiveaidspatientahug ifhehadbeenthereyesterday hewouldhaveseenthefilm ifitshouldsnowtomorrow wewouldn tgoout 1 therice ifyouhadbeenmorecareful a wouldnotbeburningb wouldnotburnc wouldnothaveburntd wouldnotburnt2 ifmylawyer herelastsaturday he mefromgoing a hadbeen wouldhavepreventedb hadbeen wouldpreventc were wouldpreventd were wouldhaveprevented3 ididn tseeyoursisteratthemeeting ifshe shewouldhavemetmybrother a hascomeb didcomec camed hadcome4 forthefreetickets iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften a ifitisnotb wereitnotc haditnotbeend iftheyhavenot5 youdidn tletmedrive ifwe inturn you sotired a drove didn tgetb drove wouldn tgetc weredriving wouldn tgetd haddriven wouldn thavegot 6 ifshehadworkedharder she a wouldsucceedb hadsucceededc shouldsucceedd wouldhavesucceed7 ifhe he thatfood luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately a waswarned wouldnottakeb hadbeenwarned wouldnothavetakenc wouldbewarned hadnottakend wouldhavebeenwarned hadnottaken8 ifit tomorrow theywouldnotgotherebybike a willrainb rainsc wouldraind shouldrain9 itraintomorrow wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheyangpubridge a wereb shouldc wouldd will10 ifi you iwouldnotdoit a amb werec shallbed being 1 动词 宾语从句一个坚持 insist 两个命令 order command 三个建议 suggest propose advise 四个要求 desire demand ask requireiproposethatwe should setadeadlineforhandingintheplans isuggestthatwe should setoffatonce iinsistedthatwe should decidewhattodowithhim 虚拟语气形式 should 动词原形 注意 当suggest作 暗示 表明 解时 insist表示 坚持说 坚持认为 解时不用虚拟 1 hisaccentsuggestshecomesfromhunan 2 heinsistedthathedidn tstealthemoneyandthattheteacher should apologizetohim 4 order等 be 表语从句myadviceisthatwe should sendforadoctor oursuggestionisthatyou should befirsttogo hisonlyrequestisthatyou should givehimmoretime 5 order等 同位语从句doyouknowtheorderthatyou should keepwatch 上述结构中常用的名词有 suggestion order proposal plan idea command request等 虚拟语气形式 should 动词原形 2 itis was 上述动词的过去分词 that主语从句itisdemandedthathe should leaveatonce itisrequestedthatshe should giveaperformanceattheparty 3 itis was important necessary better strange surprising natural possible apity nowonder that主语从句itisbetterthathe should setoffatonce itisimportantthateverybody should betoldallthefacts 1 iinsistthatadoctor immediately a hasbeensentforb sendsforc willbesentford besentfor2 itissuggestedthatthejob doneinanotherway a wasb wastobec bed mustbe3 hehadanideathatwe bybike a shallgob goc wentd wouldgo4 mysuggestionisthatthemeeting offtilltomorrow a toputb beputc shouldputd beputting 5 theyoungmaninsistedthathe nothingwrongand free a did setb haddone shouldbesetc do besetd does wouldbeset6 itisnecessarythatyou presentatthediscussion a willbeb arec shouldbed wouldbe7 thebossgaveordersthatthework atonce a willbestartedb mustbestartedc bestartedd shouldstart8 theguardthereinsistedthateverybody therules a obeysb obeyc willobeyd wouldobey 这几个词 词组 表虚拟时 其后所用的虚拟形式与条件从句基本相同 即比陈述语气中的时态后退一个时态 wouldrather 动词过去式 be多用were wish asif以及ifonly的虚拟形式 退一步 海阔天空 1 iwishi youyesterday a seenb didseec hadseend weretosee2 whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater itlooksasifit a breaksb hasbrokenc werebrokend hadbeenbroken3 i dratherthatyou thereyesterdayand againnextweekend a went shouldcomeb shouldgo hadcomec hadgone camed go come4 thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey friendsforyears a shouldbeb wouldbec havebeend hadbeen5 iblamedheryesterday iwouldratheryou that a didn tdob hadn tdonec wouldn tdod shouldn tdo6 heisaverybraveman yes iwishi hiscourage a haveb hadc willhaved wouldhave itistimethat的虚拟形式itistimethat itishightimethat itisabouttimethat itistime还可以有其他句型形式 需注意辨析 itistime forsb todosth itisthefirsttimethat 从句用陈述语气的现在完成时 it sthefirsttime that ihavehelpedmymotherdothehousework 过去时 should v 1 itishightimeyou thebus a hadcaughtb caughtc willcatchd catch2 it sabouttimehe todothework a beginsb willbeginc begind began3 it shightimethatwe toschool a wouldgob wentc god willgo4 itistimewe upourresults a sumb summedc willsumd wouldsum 一 含蓄条件句含蓄条件句就是虚拟条件暗含在短语或上下文中 这时 必须根据句中表述的意义以及某些特定的信息词如 without butfor otherwise suppose supposing 等 来判断此时动词须采用的形式 1 withoutsunlight people slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday 2 butforyourhelp iwouldn thavefinishedthework 3 thestormstopped otherwisethesailorswouldhavefallenintothesea 4 suppose supposing yourfriendsknewhowyouarebehavinghere whatwouldtheythink 1 withoutelectricity humanlife quitedifferenttoday a isb willbec wouldhavebeend wouldbe2 yesterdayjanewalkedawayfromthediscussion otherwise she somethingshewouldregretlater a hadsaidb saidc mightsayd mighthavesaid withoutelectricity iftherewerenoelectricity 注意主从句时间不一致情况下的虚拟语气 时间错综句 这时虚拟句谓语动词的形式应根据具体时间加以调整 例如 二 时间错综句 ifyouhadworkedhardyesterday youwouldbetirednow 1 iftheflowerhadbeenwatered it now a wouldn tdieb isdeadc hadbeendeadd willnotdie2 ifhistelevisionsethadnotbeenstolenyesterday he tvnow a wouldwatchb wou