计算机网络项目教学作业.doc

此文档收集于网络，如有侵权，请联系网站删除目录实验1：交换机的基本配置1实验2：交换机的远程登录3实验3：交换机链路汇聚技术6实验4：交换机连接生成树技术9实验5：服务器的配置11实验6：客户机对服务器VLAN的学习16实验7：三层交换机利用聚合技术实现VLAN间的通信20实验8：单臂路由的配置24实验9：设置路由器的系统时钟28实验10：ARP地址解析协议29实验11：路由器的标签设置31实验12：路由器的远程登录33实验13：域名解析服务34实验14：用户的克隆与隐藏37项目实验15：组建小型网络42项目实验16：项目设计方案49实验17：利用三层交换机配置DHCP55实验18：VPN虚拟专用网技术57实验19：WIN2003域的管理62实验20：利用GNS3实现跨网段域控制65实验21 Linux 系统工具-shell编程70实验22 Linux下实现与Windows的共享74实验23 Apache服务器的配置78实验1：交换机的基本配置一、实验目的1熟悉交换机的模式命令 2学习特权模式下的命令3了解全局配置模式下的命令二、实验环境 在Packet Tracer5.1上进行实验 1.一台2950交换机 2.一台PC三、实验内容1、查看MAC地址以及使用Cisco发现协议命令2、给交换机命名和设置密码四、实验步骤、过程1、查看交换机的MAC地址，进入特权模式输入show mac- address table进行查看，如图2.使用Cisco发现协议，在交换机上查看周围设备及信息以及保存交换机配置，如图3.在全局配置模式下给交换机设置名字和密码，如图实验2：交换机的远程登录一、实验目的 学会在另一台PC上利用远程登录进入交换机进行配置二、实验环境1.两台交换机2.两台PC三、实验内容 在虚拟机中通过对交换机的配置，使得另一台pc可以远程登录并管理交换机。四、实验步骤、过程1.连接四台机器，设置好四台机器的IP地址，使其在同一网段10.1.1.X，并使两台PC之间能够互相PING通，如图2.给switch0命名，配置并设置好密码，如图3.给switch 1进行配置，如图4.对本次实验的成功进行测试。switch1成功进入switch0并取得特权模式，实验成功，如图实验3：交换机链路汇聚技术 一、实验目的1熟悉交换机链路汇聚的命令2掌握和配置交换机链路汇聚技术。二、实验环境交换机两台，网线若干，测试PC两台三、实验内容 在两台交换机之间配置好链路汇聚四、实验步骤、过程1、两台交换机分别连接两台电脑，并用两根交叉线对两台交换机进行连接，如图12、配置switch 0，将此连接的接口加入汇聚端口并用同命令对switch 1进行配置SwitchenSwitch#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Switch(config)#hostname liushaozhouliushaozhou(config)#ex%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleliushaozhou#vlan da% Warning: It is recommended to configure VLAN from config mode, as VLAN database mode is being deprecated. Please consult user documentation for configuring VTP/VLAN in config mode.liushaozhou(vlan)#vlan 10VLAN 10 added: Name: VLAN0010liushaozhou(vlan)#exAPPLY completed.Exiting.liushaozhou#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.liushaozhou(config)#inter fa0/5liushaozhou(config-if)#switchport mode accessliushaozhou(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10liushaozhou(config-if)#exliushaozhou(config)#interface port-channel 1liushaozhou(config-if)#switchport mode trunkliushaozhou(config-if)#exitliushaozhou(config)#interface range gi1/1-2liushaozhou(config-if-range)#channel-group 1 mode on%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to upliushaozhou(config-if-range)#end%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console3.检查连通情况，配置成功，如图实验4：交换机连接生成树技术一、实验目的 通过修改bridge ip,重新选择根网桥二、实验环境两台交换机四台电脑三、实验内容 在两台电脑之间用生成树技术进行配置三、实验过程1.给四台电脑设置好IP，并连接交换机。如图 2.左边switch 10 一灯未亮，即对该交换机进行命令配置SwitchenSwitch#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Switch(config)#spanning-tree vlan 1 priority 4096Switch(config)#3.配置完成，实验5：服务器的配置一、实验目的1熟悉客户机的模式设置2. 了解客户机在各种模式下是怎样对服务器进行学习以及它们的权限二、实验环境四台交换机，并把它们用交叉线进行连接三、实验内容1、服务器的配置2、客户机加入域四、实验步骤、过程1、将四台交换机用交叉线进行连接，把SW 0设为服务器，如图2. 配置服务器，设置服务器版本，打通三个接口并划分四个VLAN供下面实验，如图，为交换机的配置命令liushaozhou#vlan database% Warning: It is recommended to configure VLAN from config mode, as VLAN database mode is being deprecated. Please consult user documentation for configuring VTP/VLAN in config mode.liushaozhou(vlan)#vtp domain liushaozhouChanging VTP domain name from NULL to liushaozhouliushaozhou(vlan)#vtp serverDevice mode already VTP SERVER.liushaozhou(vlan)#vtp v2-modeV2 mode enabled.liushaozhou(vlan)#exAPPLY completed.Exiting.liushaozhou#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.liushaozhou(config)#inter range fa0/1,fa0/14-15liushaozhou(config-if-range)#sw mo tr%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/14, changed state to down%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/14, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/15, changed state to down%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/15, changed state to upliushaozhou(config-if-range)#end%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleliushaozhou#vlan da% Warning: It is recommended to configure VLAN from config mode, as VLAN database mode is being deprecated. Please consult user documentation for configuring VTP/VLAN in config mode.liushaozhou(vlan)#vlan 1VLAN 1 modified:liushaozhou(vlan)#vlan 2VLAN 2 added: Name: VLAN0002liushaozhou(vlan)#vlan 3VLAN 3 added: Name: VLAN0003liushaozhou(vlan)#vlan 4VLAN 4 added: Name: VLAN0004liushaozhou(vlan)#show vlan3.配置SW 1,把其设为客户机，并打开它的三个接口，并用同样的命令对SW2,3进行配置，把SW2,3都设为客户机SwitchenSwitch#vlan da% Warning: It is recommended to configure VLAN from config mode, as VLAN database mode is being deprecated. Please consult user documentation for configuring VTP/VLAN in config mode.Switch(vlan)#vtp domain liushaohzouChanging VTP domain name from liushaozhou to liushaohzouSwitch(vlan)#vtp clientSetting device to VTP CLIENT mode.Switch(vlan)#vtp v2-modeV2 mode enabled.Switch(vlan)#exAPPLY completed.Exiting.Switch#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Switch(config)#inter range fa0/1,fa0/14-15Switch(config-if-range)#sw mo tru%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/14, changed state to down%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/14, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/15, changed state to down%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/15, changed state to upSwitch(config-if-range)#end%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleSwitch#show vlan- - - -1 default active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4 Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8 Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12 Fa0/13, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18 Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22 Fa0/23, Fa0/242 VLAN0002 active 3 VLAN0003 active 4 VLAN0004 active 1002 fddi-default active 1003 token-ring-default active 1004 fddinet-default active 1005 trnet-default active 4.把客户机SW2设置为透明模式，再在服务器上添加新的VLAN观察它的学习状态把SW2设为透明模式Switch#vlan da% Warning: It is recommended to configure VLAN from config mode, as VLAN database mode is being deprecated. Please consult user documentation for configuring VTP/VLAN in config mode.Switch(vlan)#vtp tranSetting device to VTP TRANSPARENT mode.Switch(vlan)#vtp transparentDevice mode already VTP TRANSPARENT.Switch(vlan)#vlan 5VLAN 5 added: Name: VLAN0005Switch(vlan)#在服务器上添加新的VLANliushaozhouenliushaozhou#vlan da% Warning: It is recommended to configure VLAN from config mode, as VLAN database mode is being deprecated. Please consult user documentation for configuring VTP/VLAN in config mode.liushaozhou(vlan)#vlan 10VLAN 10 added:Name: VLAN0010查看客户机SW2的权限和学习状态Switch#show vlanVLAN Name Status Ports- - - -1 default active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4 Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8 Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12 Fa0/13, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18 Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22 Fa0/23, Fa0/242 VLAN0002 active 3 VLAN0003 active 4 VLAN0004 active 5 VLAN0005 active 1002 fddi-default active 1003 token-ring-default active 1004 fddinet-default active 1005 trnet-default active VLAN Type SAID MTU Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2改变客户机SW3的域，观察它的权限及学习状态SwitchenSwitch#vlan da% Warning: It is recommended to configure VLAN from config mode, as VLAN database mode is being deprecated. Please consult user documentation for configuring VTP/VLAN in config mode.Switch(vlan)#vtp domain shaozhouChanging VTP domain name from liushaozhou to shaozhouSwitch(vlan)#vlan 20VTP VLAN configuration not allowed when device is in CLIENT mode.witch#show vlanVLAN Name Status Ports- - - -1 default active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4 Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8 Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12 Fa0/13, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18 Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22 Fa0/23, Fa0/242 VLAN0002 active 3 VLAN0003 active 4 VLAN0004 active 1002 fddi-default active 1003 token-ring-default active 1004 fddinet-default active 1005 trnet-default active 5.由此得出只有同一个域的客户端才能学习到服务器的VLAN客户模式是无法添加和修改VLAN的，透明模式可以自主添加VLAN透明模式可以自主添加VLAN实验6：客户机对服务器VLAN的学习一、实验目的 了解两台交换机对服务器不同VLAN划分的学习 二、实验环境三台交换机，两台电脑三、实验内容 配置服务器，在服务器上划分两个VLAN，让两台交换机分别接入两个VLAN中四、实验步骤、过程1、将一台交换机设为服务器，另两台交换机连接服务器，并分别连接一台电脑，如图2. 配置服务器，划分VLAN10以及VLAN20，并打通三个接口SwitchenSwitch#vlan da% Warning: It is recommended to configure VLAN from config mode, as VLAN database mode is being deprecated. Please consult user documentation for configuring VTP/VLAN in config mode.Switch(vlan)#vtp domain liushaozhouChanging VTP domain name from NULL to liushaozhouSwitch(vlan)#vtp serverDevice mode already VTP SERVER.Switch(vlan)#exAPPLY completed.Exiting.Switch#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Switch(config)#inter range fa0/1-3Switch(config-if-range)#sw mo trunk%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to down%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to upSwitch(config-if-range)#exSwitch(config)#ex%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleSwitch#vlan da% Warning: It is recommended to configure VLAN from config mode, as VLAN database mode is being deprecated. Please consult user documentation for configuring VTP/VLAN in config mode.Switch(vlan)#vlan 10VLAN 10 added: Name: VLAN0010Switch(vlan)#vlan 20VLAN 20 added: Name: VLAN0020Switch(vlan)#ex3. 配置客户机，把第一台客户机划入VLAN10,并用同样的方法把另一台客户机划入VLAN20SwitchENSwitch#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Switch(config)#inter fa0/1Switch(config-if)#end%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleSwitch#vlan da% Warning: It is recommended to configure VLAN from config mode, as VLAN database mode is being deprecated. Please consult user documentation for configuring VTP/VLAN in config mode.Switch(vlan)#vtp domain liushaozhouDomain name already set to liushaozhou.Switch(vlan)#vtp clientSetting device to VTP CLIENT mode.Switch(vlan)#exAPPLY completed.Exiting.Switch#show vlanVLAN Name Status Ports- - - -1 default active Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4, Fa0/5 Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8, Fa0/9 Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13 Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17 Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21 Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Fa0/2410 VLAN0010 active 20 VLAN0020 active 1002 fddi-default active 1003 token-ring-default active 1004 fddinet-default active 1005 trnet-default active VLAN Type SAID MTU Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2- - - - - - - - - - -1 enet 100001 1500 - - - - - 0 010 enet 100010 1500 - - - - - 0 020 enet 100020 1500 - - - - - 0 01002 enet 101002 1500 - - - - - 0 0Switch#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Switch(config)#inter fa0/2Switch(config-if)#sw mo access vlan 10 % Invalid input detected at marker.Switch(config-if)#sw mo accessSwitch(config-if)#sw access vlan10 % Invalid input detected at marker.Switch(config-if)#sw acc vlan 10Switch(config-if)#end%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleSwitch#show vlanVLAN Name Status Ports- - - -1 default active Fa0/3, Fa0/4, Fa0/5, Fa0/6 Fa0/7, Fa0/8, Fa0/9, Fa0/10 Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14 Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18 Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22 Fa0/23, Fa0/2410 VLAN0010 active Fa0/220 VLAN0020 active 1002 fddi-default active 1003 token-ring-default active 1004 fddinet-default active 1005 trnet-default active VLAN Type SAID MTU Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2- - - - - - - - - - -1 enet 100001 1500 - - - - - 0 010 enet 100010 1500 - - - - - 0 020 enet 100020 1500 - - - - - 0 01002 enet 101002 1500 - - - - - 0 0 -More4.实验成功，客户机1成功划入VLAN10实验7：三层交换机利用聚合技术实现VLAN间的通信一、实验目的 学习采用虚拟局域网技术解决解决由多台多交换的网络引发的网络广播风暴、网络安全等严重问题。二、实验环境二层交换机一台，三层交换机一台，网线若干，测试PC若干台三、实验内容 配置两台交换机，利用聚合技术实现VLAN间的通信四、实验步骤、过程1、安装网络工作环境，配置好交换机后再用两根线分别对应连接两交换机的fa0/5-6接口。如图2.对SW2950进行配置，划分VLAN并打通trunkSwitchenSwitch#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Switch(config)#inter po% Incomplete command.Switch(config)#inter port-channel 1Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunkSwitch(config-if)#exSwitch(config)#inter range fa0/5-6Switch(config-if-range)#channel-g% Incomplete command.Switch(config-if-range)#channel group 1 mode on% Ambiguous command: channel group 1 mode onSwitch(config-if-range)#sw mo trunkSwitch(config-if-range)#end%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleSwitch#vlan d% Warning: It is recommended to configure VLAN from config mode, as VLAN database mode is being deprecated. Please consult user documentation for configuring VTP/VLAN in config mode.Switch(vlan)#vlan 10VLAN 10 added: Name: VLAN0010Switch(vlan)#vlan 20VLAN 20 added: Name: VLAN0020Switch(vlan)#exAPPLY completed.Exiting.Switch#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Switch(config)#inter fa0/1Switch(config-if)#sw mo accSwitch(config-if)#sw acc vlan 10Switch(config-if)#exSwitch(config)#inter fa0/2Switch(config-if)#switchport mode accessSwitch(config-if)#sw ac vlan 20Switch(config-if)#2.对SW3560进行配置SwitchenSwitch#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Switch(config)#inter po% Incomplete command.Switch(config)#inter port-channel 1Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunkSwitch(config-if)#exSwitch(config)#inter range fa0/5-6Switch(config-if-range)#channel-g% Incomplete command.Switch(config-if-range)#channel group 1 mode on% Ambiguous command: channel group 1 mode onSwitch(config-if-range)#sw mo trunkSwitch(config-if-range)#end%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleSwitch#vlan d% Warning: It is recommended to configure VLAN from config mode, as VLAN database mode is being deprecated. Please consult user documentation for configuring VTP/VLAN in config mode.Switch(vlan)#vlan 10VLAN 10 added: Name: VLAN0010Switch(vlan)#vlan 20VLAN 20 added: Name: VLAN0020Switch(vlan)#exAPPLY completed.Exiting.Switch#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per li