附录1 常用的前缀和后缀.doc

附录1 常用的前缀和后缀一、 常用前缀aero-: concerning the air of aircraftplane-aeroplanespace-aerospaceanti-: against; opposite ofnuclear-antinuclearmatter-antimatterwar-antiwarauto-: of or by oneselfbiography-autobiographycriticism-autocriticismbe-: to treat as the stated thingfriend-befriendlittle-belittlebi-: two; twice; doublelingual-bilingualcycle-bicyclebio-: concerning living thingschemistry-biochemistrysphere-biosphereby-, bye-: less importantproduce-by-produceway-bywaycenti-: hundredth partgrade-centigrademeter-centimeterco-: together, withauthor-coauthorexist-coexistcol-: ( used before l ) together, withlocation-collocationcom-: ( used before b, m, p ) together, withpassion-compassioncon-: together, withcentric-concentricfederation-confederationcontra-: oppositediction-contradictionnatural-contranaturalcor-: ( used before r ) together, withrelate-correlaterespond-correspondcounter-: oppositeact-counteractattack-counterattackcross-: across; going between the stated things and joining themcountry-crosscountrybreed-crossbreedde-: showing an opposite; to remove; to reducecode-decodevalue-devaluedis-: not; the opposite ofadvantage-disadvantageagree-disagreehonest-dishonestem-: ( used before b, m, p ) to cause to becomebody-embodypower-empoweren-: to cause to become; to makedanger-endangerlarge-enlargeex-: former ( and still living )minister-ex-ministerwife-ex-wifeextra-: outside; beyondcurricular-extracurricularordinary-extraordinaryfore-: in advance, before; in or at the frontarm-forearmwarn-forewarnil-: ( used before l ) notlegal-illegalliterate-illiterateim-: ( used before b, m, p ) notmoral-immoralpossible-impossiblein-: notdirect-indirectsensitive-insensitiveinfra-: below in a range; beyondred-infraredstructure-infrastructureinter-: between; amongchange-interchangenational-internationalintra-: inside, within; intocity-intracitydepartment-intra-departmentir-: (used before r) notregular-irregularresponsible-irresponsiblekilo-: thousandgram-kilogrammeter-kilometermacro-: large, esp. concerning a whole system rather thanparticular parts ofeconomics-macroeconomicsstructure-macrostructuremal-: bad or badlyfunction-malfunctiontreat-maltreatmicro-: extremely smallcomputer-microcomputerelectronics-microelectronicsmid-: middle day-middaynight-midnightmini-: small; shortbus-minibusskirt-miniskirtmis-: bad or badly; wrong or wronglyfortune-misfortuneunderstand-misunderstandmono-: one; singleplane-monoplanetone-monotonemulti-: more than one; manypurpose-multipurposenational-multinationalnon-: notresident-non(-)residentsense-nonsenseout-: outside; beyondlive-outlivedoor-outdoorover-: too much; above; additionalhead-overheadtime-overtimepoly-: manycentric-polycentricsyllabic-polysyllabicpost-: later than; aftergraduate-postgraduatewar-postwarpre-: before; in advancepay-prepaywar-prewarpro-: in favor of, supportingAmerica-pro-Americaabortion-pro-abortionpseudo-: not real; falsename-pseudonymscience-pseudosciencere-: again; back to the former stateunite-reuniteuse-reuseself-: by means of oneself or itself; of, to, with, for, or inoneself or itselfemployed-self-employedtaught-self-taughtsemi-: half; partlycircle-semicirclefinal-semifinalstep-: not by birth but through a parent who has remarried mother-stepmotherchildren-stepchildrensub-: under, below; less important; part of the stated biggerwholedivide-subdividesection-subsectionsuper-: more, larger, greater than usual market-supermarketnatural-supernaturaltele-: at or over a long distance; by or for televisioncommunication-telecommunicationscreen-telescreentherm(o)-: concerning heatchemistry-thermochemistrymeter-thermometertrans-: across, on or to the other side of ; betweenAtlantic-transatlanticplant-transplanttri-: three; three timesangular-triangularcycle-tricycleultra-: beyond; very, extremelymodern-ultramodernsound-ultrasoundun-: notcertain-uncertainfortunate-unfortunateunder-: too little; belowdevelop-underdevelopsea-underseauni-: one, singerform-uniformdirectional-unidirectionalvice-: next in the rank; belowchairman-vice-chairmanpresident-vice-president二、常用后缀1名词后缀-ability, -ibilityable-abilityflexible-flexibility-agepost-postageshort-shortage-alarrive-arrivalrefuse-refusal-an, -ian, -arianlibrary-librarianmusic-musician-ance, -enceappear-appearancerefer-reference-ancy, -encyemerge-emergencyexpect-expectancy-ant, -entapply-applicantcorrespond-correspondent-cyaccurate-accuratcyprivate-privacy-domking-kingdomfree-freedom-eeemploy-employeeinterview-interviewee-er, -or, -arpaint-painterbeg-beggar-erybrave-braveryslave-slavery-eseChina-ChineseJapan-Japanese-essactor-actresswaiter-waitress-fulhand-handfulspoon-spoonful-hoodchild-childhoodman-manhood-icselectron-electronicslinguist-linguistics-ion, -ition, -ationcollect-collectionobserve-observation-ismMarx-Marxismsocialist-socialism-istpsychiatry-psychiatristviolin-violinist-ity, -tycruel-crueltypure-purity-mentmove-movementretire-retirement-nessdark-darknesshappy-happiness-ologyclimate-climatologyfuture-futurology-shipfriend-friendshipscholar-scholarship-sion, -ssiondecide-decisionexpand-expansion-thgrow-growthwide-width-ureclose-closureexpose-exposure2动词后缀-endeep-deepenfast-fasten-ifyclass-classifysimple-simplify-ize, -isemodern-modernize / modernizepopular-popularize / popularize3形容词后缀-able, -iblesuit-suitablequestion-questionable-alnature-naturalstructure-structural-an, -arian, -iansuburb-suburbanCanada-Canadian-ant, -entdiffer-differentplease-pleasant-ary, -oryadvise-advisorycustom-custom