江苏省大丰市第七中学中考英语考点知识（二十一）.doc

江苏省大丰市第七中学2012年中考英语考点知识（二十一）有关动词的重点：只有动词才能作谓语。动词分为行为动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词等。（一）联系动词：be，become(成为)，turn(变颜色)，grow(变天气)，look，smell，taste，sound(good，well)，seem，feel。（二）有关use的词组： used to do过去常常作，be used to doing 习惯于。1. -my aunt goes to climb mount gu every sunday. -oh !but she_hate climbing mountain. a. used to b. use to c. uses to d. is used to2. lilei is used to getting early. 注意：used to do 的否定式为used not to do 或didnt use to疑问式为：did sb use to? 或used sb? 人+use sth for doing = 人+use sth to do 用某物做 其被动形式为：物+be used to do = 物+be used for doingpeople use stone for building houses = people use stone to build houses. stone is used for building houses = stone is used to build houses. （三）cant表示“不可能”即否定性推测。mustnt禁止、不可能；must“一定”表示肯定性推测；must引起的问句，其否定回答为neednt. 1. the man _be li lei. li lei has gone to beijing. a. cant b. mustnt c. may not d. neednt2. a lot of cars are coming and going. you_go across the street. a. neednt b. may not c. mustnt d. must3. must i return the book tomorrow morning? no, you_. you_keep it for three days. a. mustnt, may b. mustnt, must c. neednt, can d. neednt, may4. -look! the man at the gate _be our headmaster. he is always standing there everymorning. -no, it be him. he is holding a meeting in the office now. a. must, cant b. must, mustnt c. can, cant d. can, mustnt（四）及物动词与介词搭配：give, show, pass, lend+物+to+ sb = give()sb sthmake, sing, buy+物+for+ sb = make(sing, buy)sb sth（五）及物动词+副词结构, 构成的动词短语的宾语是人称代词时，把代词放中间get (it) back，put (it) on，take (it) off，turn (it) on，pick (it) up，try (it) on，look (it) up，wake (me) up，put (it) up. 1. smoking is bad for your health. youd better_. a. give up it b. give it up c. take out it d. take it out基础知识：情态动词（一）can：表能力“能，会”；表推测“可能”；表允许“可以”。1. - you pass me a pen? id like to write down the phone number. -sure, here it is. a. can b. need c. might d. must（二）could：can的过去式，表过去的能力。但could本身也可作情态动词，表委婉请求。（三）may：允许“可以”；表推测“可能”。1. i swim when i was ten years old. 2. john go there with as tonight, but he is not very sure about it. a. must b. can c. will d. may（四）must：主观看法“必须”；推测“一定”。（五）need：情态动词：need+动原实义动词：need to doneed doing=need to be done1. you worry about me. its nothing serious. a. cant b. mustnt c. neednt d. wont（六）情态动词的被动态：情态动词+be+过分（七）may be 和maybe maybe用于句首，可能；may be可能是1. if you eat bad food, you ill. a. may be b. cant be c. must d. maybe练习1. -may we play football in the street?-no, you . its dangerous. a. can b. mustnt c. may d. may not2. the man in the office be mr. black because he went home just now. a. mustnt b. may not c. cant d. neednt3. the old man was quite weak after the accident. so he . a. must be take care of b. must take care of c. must be looked after4. to make our city more beautiful, rubbish into the river. a. neednt be thrown b. mustnt be thrown c. cant throw d. may not throw5. -hurry up, please!-its quite early, you worry about the time. a. mustnt b. may not c. neednt d. cant6. -theres somebody at the door. who it be?-no, it be him. its just seven oclock. its too early. a. may, cant b. will, wont c. may, mustnt7. -excuse me, could i borrow some money from you?-of course you . a. could b. can c. must d. need8. the flower every day, or theyll die. a. must water b. can be watered c. should water d. must be watered9. -what did your pe teacher say about your high jump at the sports meeting. -he said that i better. a. can do b. am c. will do d. could do10. -wheres lucy?-im not sure. she in the library. a. maybe b. must c. may be d. will be主谓一致即谓语动词的数与主语的单复数一致：（一）one，every one，each one，any one，each，either，nine of+复数+单谓。every one of the students is studying hard. neither of the girls is able to answer it. 1. neither of the two brothers with their parents. a. live b. are living c. like to live d. lives2. of the boys in class4 is playing games. a. all b. each c. the both（二）不定式、动名词作主语时，谓语用单数to teach is to learn. playing with fire is dangerous. 1. palying baseball dales favourite sport. a. is b. are c. were（三）主语后跟含有with. except. together. with. as well as等短语时, 单复数应根据主语而定，而不受这些短语的影响。1. everyone except tom and john there when the meeting began. a. are b. is c. were d. was（四）主语为people. police. cattle（家禽）poultry（家畜）等时，谓语用复数。the police are looking for the missing child. most people think so. （五）主语为复数而意义为单数，谓语用单数：news，works（作品，工作），physics，politic政治，mathematics数学，谓语用单数；trousers, shoes, glasses为主语时, 谓语用复数，当前面有a pair of修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。1. i think physics _maths. a. is so useful as b. are more useful asc. are as useful as d. is much more useful than（六）表示时间、长度、价格、质量等短语做主语时，即使其中的名词为复数名词，谓语动词也应用单数形式：three years has already passed quickly. fifty yuan is enough. （七）由every，some，any，no构成的复合不定式代词做主语时，谓语用单数。1. every girl _to attend the english party. a. wish b. wishes c. is like d. like（八）就近原则：由eitheror，neithernor，not onlybut also连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。1. not only students but also their teacher _the plan. a. object b. objects c. is object d. is objectedthere be句型中连接并列的主谓时，谓语用就近原则。there is a girl and four boys in the room. 2. there some chinese and three americans in the travelling team. a. are b. is c. has d. have（九）so，neither倒装句：so do i句型（即so+be/助动词/情态动词+主语），表示“两种情况相同”。注意：时态和数要一致。 so i do陈述语序，表示“的确如此”。 neither/nor+ be/助动词/情态动词+主语，表示“两种情况都不”1. -tom bought a computer yesterday. -so she. (so he )2. -the boy didnt go to the park. -neither (nor) i. （十）由and连接两个不同的单数名词或代词作主语时，表示不同概念时，谓语动词用复数；而表示同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。jack and tom look heathy and strong. the poet and musician visits our school today. （十一）the+姓氏s 表示“一家人”，谓语动词用复数。the blacks enjoy working in china. （十二）a number of+名复+复谓 表示“很多”； the number of+名复+单谓 表示“的数目”。the number of people invited more than 200, and a number of them been here now. a. were, has b. were, have c. was, has d. was, have练习1neither wei hua nor ann _ on the team ais bare cgoes dgo 2“i think neither this shirt nor that one _ good”，he said aare bis cwere dwas 3this is miss gaoshe _ your new teacher abe bam cis dare 4his parents _ coming to meet the teacher tonight aare bwere cis 5how much milk _ in the bottle？ ahas bare there cis there 6everyone except tom and john _ there when the meeting began ais bwas care dwere 7_ lily _ lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home anot only ；but also bneither；nor cboth；and deither；or 8_ the population of china？ ahow much is bhow many are cwhat is dwhat number is 9jenny and her parents _ going to visit the palace museum tomorrow ais bam care dbe 10neither the students nor the teacher _ in t