高中英语 Unit 1 A land of diversity 单元综合技能训练 新人教版选修8.doc

2015年高中英语 unit 1 a land of diversity 单元综合技能训练 新人教版选修8时间：120分钟，满分：150分第一部分：听力(共两节；满分30分)第二部分：基础知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。21as we all know, china has_first largest population and it is_third largest country in area in the world.athe；theb/; thecthe; / d/; /答案：a考查冠词。句意：众所周知，中国是世界上人口第一，面积第三的国家。序数词修饰最高级，表示“第”，其前要加定冠词the。22we always keep_spare bags with which we pack the rubbish.aa great many bthe number ofctoo much da great deal of答案：a考查短语辨析。句意：我们总是保存许多的备用袋，用这些袋子装垃圾。a great many“许多”，后面跟可数名词复数；the number of“的数量”，后面跟可数名词复数；too much“太多”，后面跟不可数名词；a great deal of“大量的”，后面跟不可数名词。故选a。23theres plenty of evidence_that the company is in serious trouble.aindicate b. indicatingcindicates dto be indicating答案：b考查非谓语动词。evidence与indicate之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用动词ing形式作后置定语，表示被修饰词的某种性质。24these teenagers dont know much of the world yet; thats why they are so easily_.ataken in btaken upctaken off dtaken out答案：a考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些青少年对外面的世界了解不多，那就是他们为什么那么容易被骗的原因。take in“吸收，欺骗”；take up“拿起，从事，占据”；take off“起飞，脱下”；take out“取出”。故选a。25fifty percent of the water in the river_， so we should take measures to protect the river.awere polluted bhas been pollutedcis polluted dhave been polluted答案：b考查主谓一致和动词的时态及语态。句意：这条河里的水有百分之五十被污染了，因此，我们应该采取措施来保护这条河。water与pollute之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且此处强调对现在造成的影响，故用现在完成时的被动语态；句子的主语是“fifty percent of the water”，water为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。故选b。26the company is starting a new advertising campaign to_new customers to its stores.ajoin barrestcstick dtransfer答案：b句意：这家公司正启用新的广告吸引新的顾客到店里来。arrest“吸引”；stick“粘贴”；transfer“转移，调动”。27we cannot figure out_quite a number of insects，birds，and animals are dying out.athat b. ascwhy d. when答案：c考查宾语从句。figure out为及物动词，故此句为宾语从句，从句意得知连词在从句中作原因状语，故选why。句意：我们无法理解为什么这么多昆虫，鸟和动物正在灭绝。28on seeing me，he turned over and pretended to _something in the shop.abe admired bhave admiredcadmiring dbe admiring答案：d句意：一看见我，他就转过身假装欣赏店里的什么东西。本题考查时态，因正在欣赏，故用进行时。29i_along the street looking for a place to park when the accident_.awent; was occurring bwent；occurredcwas going; occurred dwas going; had occurred答案：cbe doing.when.“正在做某事这时”。句意：我正沿着街道找地方停车，这时事故发生了。30every possible means_to prevent the air pollution，but the sky is still not clear.aare being used bhave been usedchas been used dhad been used答案：c本题中means意思是“方法，办法”，根据句中的“every”可知谓语动词要用单数，根据后面句子的含义可知应用现在完成时。31our bad living habits will destroy the earth. only by changing_we live can we save our earth.athat bwhatchow dwhere答案：c句意：我们不良的生活习惯会破坏地球。只有改变我们的生活方式才能拯救我们的地球。从语境看这是谈论生活方式，空格处引导宾语从句，且从句缺少状语，故选择how。32it was the spirit of fearing no sacrifice_enabled the pla to win battles against enemies.ahow bthatcwhat dwhere答案：b句意：是不怕牺牲的精神使得中国人民解放军能够战胜敌人，赢得战争。分析句子结构可知，本题考查“it is/was.that.”的强调句型，被强调部分是the spirit of fearing no sacrifice，故应用that。33she is believed_the train, otherwise she would have arrived here by now.ato miss bto have missedcto be missed dto be missing答案：b考查非谓语动词。be believed to do sth.表示“被认为做了某事”，此处表示“错过火车”这件事已经发生，故用不定式的完成时。34id like jim_jack，to go to the farewell party on behalf of our class.amore than bless thancrather than dor rather答案：c考查词组辨析。句意：我希望jim而不是jack代表我们班参加欢送会。more than“多于”；less than“少于”；rather than“而不是”；or rather“更确切地说”。故选c。35the modern art exhibition in the city museum has been cancelled.oh，no！_.aits a pity bit doesnt matterci knew it already dits not interesting at all答案：a考查情景交际。根据前面的“oh，no！”可知此处表示遗憾，故选a项。b项意为“没关系”，c项意为“我已经知道了”，d项意为“一点兴趣也没有”，都不符合语境。第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从3655各题所给的四个选项(a、b、c、d)，选出最佳选项。“kevin, we are getting a divorce，”said my mother. my heart_36_.i was 9 years old and i thought that my life was going to_37_. my sister and i were going to move with my mother to southern california. my dad was to remain in new jersey because of work. my family was_38_._39_my mom is a single parent, i do my own laundry, make dinner and do extra housework around the house. although it was_40_at first, i now recognize the positive effect that this responsibility had on me. my mother gave me the housework and duties so that i would learn to become_41_and trustworthy.i try very hard to_42_these qualities in all aspects of my life, and have seen the benefits. when i was only 11 years old, my coach told me that he was selecting me as his soccer team captain_43_my determination and ability to get my teammates to push themselves. we lost the championship, but i_44_the fair play award for keeping my team together.i am always determined to be an individual and not to participate in anything that i feel is_45_.i am, for example, extremely proud of my_46_not to drink alcohol. personally, i dont feel the need to_47_to have fun, and i support my decision even when others try to pressure_48_.i thought my parents divorce was going to be the_49_ thing that ever happened to me. however, it turned out to be the best. i wasnt willing to let it_50_my life without putting up a fight, and_51_was my family. my mom and dad both found new partners and happily_52_. i am still close to my father，_53_he lives 4,800 km away.at age nine, i_54_with the confusion and pain of divorce.today, at age 16, i understand that_55_can bring opportunity and success, and that hard work，determination and selfdiscipline can turn your worst time into your best time.文章大意：这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。主要讲述kevin没有因为父母的离婚而消沉下去，反而克服困难，严格要求自己，使自己更坚强，这让他悟出一个道理：困难能带来机会和成功，自律、努力和决心会把坏事变成好事。36a.beat brushedcran dsunk答案：d根据文章第一句话可知，凯文的父母要离婚，所以他心情很沉重。sink“下沉”，符合语境。37a.fall apart btake partctell apart dsettle down答案：a由于凯文的父母要离婚，所以凯文认为他的生活就要破碎了。fall apart“破碎”；take part“参加”；tell apart“辨别”；settle down“安顿下来”。38a.gathering bmovingcseparating dtraveling答案：c根据上文可知凯文与妹妹要跟妈妈一起搬往加利福尼亚南部，父亲由于工作会留在新泽西州，这就意味着这一家人要分离。separate“分离”，符合语境。39a.although bnow thatceven if dif答案：b由于父母离婚，母亲成了单亲妈妈，所以凯文要帮忙做家务活。now that“既然，由于”符合语境。40a.hard bsimpleccomplex durgent答案：a对于九岁的凯文来说，一开始做家务活时是辛苦的。hard“辛苦的”；simple“简单的”；complex“复杂的”；urgent“紧急的”。由语境可知选a。41a.selfish bselflesscselfconfident dselfdisciplined答案：d句意：是母亲给我的家务活和责任让我变得自律和值得信任。根据语境且从文章最后一段中的“that hard work，determination and selfdiscipline can turn your worst time into your best time”，可看出答案。42a.accomplish bdisplaycfind dgain答案：b从上下文可推断出此句表示的是”我在生活中的各个方面努力展现这些品质，并看到了成效”。display“表现，展示”符合语境。43a.ahead of binstead ofcbecause of dbecome of答案：c空格后的“my determination and ability.”是足球教练要选凯文当队长的原因。44a.won bpresentedclost dadmired答案：a从本句中的lost和but可知，凯文赢得了公平竞赛奖。45a.right bgoodcfair dwrong答案：d根据句意可知，凯文不会去做他认为不正确的事情。46a.dream bdecisioncthought dduty答案：b从下文中的“i support my decision even when others try to pressure_48_.”可知，凯文对自己不喝酒的决定感到自豪。47a.smoke beatcdrink dplay答案：c结合上句可知，此处表示的是“我个人不认为需要喝酒来获得快乐”。故选c。48a.me bhimcher dhe答案：a此处是说“即使别人强迫我，我也坚持自己的决定”。在动词后要用宾格，又因主语为i，故选a。49a.bad bworstcbest dembarrassed答案：b从下句中的“it turned out to be the best”可推断，凯文原本以为父母离婚是发生在他身上最坏的事。50a.ruin bbyecrisk drealize答案：a我不愿意在没抗争的情况下让它毁了我的生活，我的家人也是这样的。ruin“毁灭，破坏”符合语境。51a.either bnonecso dneither答案：d由语境和句子结构可知，此处是对前半句的肯定，又前半句为否定句，故应用neither。52a.divorced brequestedcremarried drepaired答案：c根据本句中的“my mom and dad both found new partners”可知，他的父母都再婚了。53a.as if bin thatceven though das though答案：c根据本句语境“虽然父亲住得离我有4 800公里远，但是我和父亲依然亲近”可知选even though“虽然”。54a.met bstruggledcsatisfied dfinished答案：b根据“the confusion and pain of divorce”可知，凯文在九岁时与父母离婚带来的困扰和痛苦抗争过。struggle with“与斗争”，符合语境。55a.luck bhard workcdetermination dobstacles答案：d父母的离婚让他悟出一个道理：障碍能带来机会和成功，努力工作、决心和自律会把最坏的时光变成最好的时光。故选d。第三部分：阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。athe golden gate bridge in san francisco, california is one of the worlds most beautiful bridges. it is also one of the most visited places in the world. vehicles (车辆)cross the bridge an average of 41 million times each year. more than 1 800 hundred million vehicles have used the bridge since it opened more than 70 years ago.the bridge was painted“international orange”because that color went well with the natural surroundings. the color also is easier to see in the heavy fog that often covers the area. but the golden gate bridge was not named for its orange color. it was named for the body of water that it crosses，the golden gate strait.the golden gate strait is the entrance to the san francisco bay from the pacific ocean. the golden gate bridge links the city of san francisco with marin county，california.planning for the bridge began in the 1920s when the area around san francisco was growing. people living in the area needed another way to get to the city besides small ferries(渡船)joseph strauss was the chief engineer for the project.work began in 1934. mr. strauss demanded the strongest safety protections in the history of bridge building. these included the first use of“hard hats”to protect the workers heads and special glasses to protect their eyes. a special safety net was suspended (挂)under the bridge. this net saved the lives of 19 men during the construction. however, 11 other workers were killed when they fell from the bridge through the net. still, this was a new safety record for the time.the golden gate bridge opened in 1937. it extends 1 280 meters across the water. the total length is 2 737 meters. it was the largest suspension bridge (吊桥)in the world until 1964. that is when the verrazano narrows bridge opened in new york city. today, the golden gate bridge is the ninth longest suspension bridge in the world. 56the golden gate bridge was named after_.athe local climate bthe color of a paintcthe strait it crosses dits natural surroundings答案：c细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知金门桥得名于这座桥跨越的海峡金门海峡。57how did people cross the golden gate strait before the bridge was built?aby plane. bby boat.cby road. dby train.答案：b细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句可知，在金门桥修建之前，人们乘渡船通过金门海峡。58what do we know about joseph strauss?ahe attached importance to the workers safety.bhis safety measures were not of practical value.che built the first suspension bridge in the world.dhe demanded strong measures to ensure the safety of the bridge.答案：a推理判断题。根据文章的第五、第六段可知，负责修建金门桥的工程师约瑟夫施特劳斯非常注重保护建筑工人的安全，他采取了一些有效措施确保工人的安全。59the passage is written to_.ainvite readers to san franciscobintroduce the golden gate bridgecdescribe how the golden gate bridge was builtdtell the story of an engineer called joseph strauss答案：b推理判断题。本文的写作目的是向读者介绍美国旧金山的金门桥：包括桥上的车流量、名字的由来、修建的原因、修建的过程等内容。bamerica is a mobile society. friendships between americans can be close and real, yet disappear soon. they dont feel hurt. if the same two people meet again, even years later, they pick_up the friendship. this can be quite difficult for us chinese to understand. friendships between us develop more slowly but may become lifelong feelings, extending (延伸) deeply into both families.there is another difficult point for us to understand. although americans treat friends warmly in their personal everyday life, they dont show their politeness to them if it requires a great deal of time. but in china, we are usually generous with our time. we, as hosts, will appear at an airport even in the middle of the night to meet a friend. we may take days off from our work to act as guides to our friends: it is opposite in america, americans cannot manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor outside their daily plans. they will probably expect the visitors to get themselves from the airport to the hotels. and they expect the visitors will phone them from there. once the visitors arrive at their homes, his welcome will be full，warm and real.for americans, it is often considered more friendly to invite a friend to their homes than to restaurants, except for business matters. americans are ready to receive us foreigners at their homes, share their holidays, and their home life. so accept their hospitality (好客) at home and enjoy your visit in america!文章大意：本文介绍了朋友交往在美国人们生活中的表现情况，尤其讲述了有别于中国人的一些方式和习惯。60the underlined phrase “pick up” in paragraph 1 may mean_.akeep out bgive upcpay no attention to dcontinue答案：d词义猜测题。根据前文的意思，可知美国人的友谊即使暂时疏远彼此也并没有受到伤害，所以许多年后再次相遇时，他们仍能继续彼此的友谊。故选d。61. which of the following is the typical way of american hospitality?atreating friends at home.btaking days off to be with friends.cmeeting friends at the airport at midnight.dsharing everything they have.答案：a细节理解题。根据最后一段可知美国人认为邀朋友到家比到饭店更友好，故选a，而b、c、d三项并不是美国人好客的方式。62which of the following statements is true according to the passage?aamericans are always generous with their time.bamericans dont feel hurt if their friendships disappear soon.cchinese friendships develop more slowly but will never disappear.dchinese friendships are more sincere than american friendships.答案：b细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知a项错误；在第一段的最后一句中作者指出中国人的友谊可能伴随终生，但不一定永远都彼此友好可知c项错误；根据整篇文章可知d项错误。根据第一段可知美国人之间友谊会很快中断，以后又会重续友谊，故b项正确。63. this passage is most probably written for_.aamerican studentsbchinese studentscchinese visitors to americadamerican visitors to china答案：c主旨大意题。根据整篇文章可知这是介绍美国人对待友谊的方式，并且最后一段最后一句也点明了这一点。故可判断选c。cmapping your worlddifferent forms of maps are appearing.they allow independent travelers to get local knowledge of places they are visiting，from the official to the unusual.meanwhile，hitech developments are creating new ways for us to map the world.here are two of our favorites：green mapsgreen maps allows people to share with the world their knowledge of environmentally friendly places and attractions in the local areas. users add information with a set of icons(图标)，making it easy to read any map, whatever the nationalities of those who produce it . at present there are over five hundred map projects being developed in 54 countries green maps advertised idea is “think global，map local”it is a wonderful way of gaining all sorts of information a place ，ranging from community gardens to good places of birdwatching.green maps is not specifically intended for travelers. not all of its maps are online, so it may be necessary for some users to communicate with the producers through the green maps website.map mashupsmany people use online maps developed by google, but not many know about the mashups of them. working in a similar way to green maps, map mashups allows people to add icons of their own to existing maps to express a certain topic. the mashups is so called because it combines all the knowledge you could ever need, ranges from the extremely useful, such as where all the world. heritage sites are, to the most bizarre (古怪的)，such as where americas drunkest cities are.with the mashups added to the basic google maps, a multilayered (多层的) map can be created.64according to the passage，which of the following is a characteristic of green maps?aaiming at environmental protection.bintroducing local attractions with icons.coffering advice to independent travelers.dcollecting icons worldwide for local maps.答案：b细节理解题。根据第二段一、二句话可知，绿色地图可允许人们分享当地一些环保的地方及吸引人的东西，并且用图标来添加信息，使人们更容易地看地图，由此可知b项正确。65which of the following icons is most probably not used in green maps?答案：b细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话“its a wonderful way.to good places of bird watching”可知答案为b。66“map mashups” is named with the word “mashups”because _.ait is produced by users all over the worldbit gathers various kinds of informationcit shares icons with green mapsdit is a branch of google maps答案：b由最后一段的第三句话可知，为什么用“mashups”这个名，是因为它把所有的知识都结合起来，从最有用的到最古怪的。由此可知b项正确。67what do green maps and map mashups have in common?a. they are created by local people.b. they are environmentally friendly.c. users can edit maps on the internet.d. users need to communicate with producers.答案：c细节理解题。根据短文最后一段第二句话“working in a similar way to green maps，map mashups allow people to add icons of their own to existing maps to express a certain topic.”可知c项正确。dmy staying in america was a unique opportunity for me to expose myself to the american culture and see the diversity of peoples lives there.black, whites, latinos, and asians all were in one country, all were equal, all knew it was their home，where they found or are still seeking for, their american dream. it was amazing to be part of the culture though for one year. it was interesting to learn that the north of america is different from its south；that the west varies from the east，and the difference in people, in their perception of life, attitude toward each other, respect for the family and their roots，and of course the history of their lands.being in about nine states in the us, from the east to the west, i could see and learn the difference firsthand.before going to the us, i didnt know much about the difference of the upper states and the southern states. i didnt know that the majority of the population living in california are latinos, and every second person that one sees speaks spanish. i didnt also know that to understan